Study the allowance forage of the important range species in khoshkerood saveh Site in Markazi Province
2011
Zarekia, Sedigheh
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For determination of rangeland capacity and prevention of vegetation cover, soil and water resources deterioration and reduction, the recognition of allowable use of key and the most important rangeland species is necessary. this research has done in order to study 3 important rangeland species (Artemisia sieberi ¡ Stipa hohenackeriana, Salsola laricina) in khoshkehrood site. Then 40 individuals plant were selected from each species and treated with 4 treatments including 25%, 50% and 75% harvesting with one background sample (each 10 individuals with one treatment). The harvesting was done monthly in grazing season of this area. The results showed that treatments of one species in each year have significant difference. so significant difference were between treatments of one species duration for years.
Regeneration and evaluation of the rye accesions in National Gene Bank of Iran for agro-morphological traits.
2011
Shah Moradi, Shakiba; A`bbasi, Mohammad Reza; Qanavati, Farangis
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Rye is a cool season cereal which has been used as forage for a long time. Its high degree of acclimation increases the possibility to use unfertile soils and produce under unsuitable conditions. In order to regenerate and characterize the Agro-morphological traits and evaluate the genetic diversity of rye germplasm collection in National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, for the future breeding programs, 271 accessions of Rey (Secale sp) were evaluated in the experimental field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. The Agro-morphological traits including; day to maturity, plant height, stem hairiness below ear, spike length, number of spiklets per spike, awn length, shattering, grain yield and seed weight were measured based on Bioversity descriptors. Identification of genotypes based on identification key indicated that a large portion of genotypes were Secale cereale ssp. and only 15 accessions included in Secale montanum, therefore the traits were analysed in Secale cereale ssp. Results indicated that there was a high degree of genetic diversity in the rye collection of gene bank. Evaluation of quantitative traits showed that yield and seed weight were the most diverse traits and in the qualitative traits based on Shanon Index, awn length and stem hairiness below ear exhibited the highest diversity between traits. Cluster analysis of the accession's origins based on qualitative and quantitative traits resulted five clusters. First group with the least mean for days to maturity have the maximum plant height and spiklet per spike. Second group including accessions of following provinces: Chaharmahal-o-bakhtiary, Yazd, Azarbaijan Garbi, Azarbaijan Sharghi, Khorasan, Kordestan, Zanjan, Fars, Kerman and Kermanshah. Based on Gusan climatic devotion are the arid and semi-arid origins and have highest seed weight and spiklet per spike. The least spike length and number of spiklets was in the third group (Markazi province). Accesions in fourth group (Hamedan province) exhibited the highest mean for days to maturity, spike length and awn length. The least plant height was observed in fifth group, witch was originated from Semnan province.
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Survey and biology of cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons, in rain-fed wheat in Markazi province, Iran
2011
Hajihassani, A. ; Maafi, Z.T. ; Ahmad, A. ; Taji, M.
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Cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important soil-borne pathogens of cereals throughout the world. This group of nematodes is considered the most economically damaging pathogens of wheat and barley in Iran. In the present study, a series experiments were conducted during 2007-2010 to determine the distribution and population density of cereal cyst nematodes and to examine the biology of Heterodera latipons in the winter wheat cv. Sardari in a microplot under rain-fed conditions over two successive years in Markazi province in central Iran. Results of field survey showed that 40% of the fields were infested with at least one species of either Heterodera filipjevi or H. latipons. H. filipjevi was most prevalent in Farmahin, Tafresh and Khomein, with H. latipons being found in Khomein and Zarandieh regions. Female nematodes were also observed in Bromus tectarum, Hordeum disticum and Secale cereale, which are new host records for H. filipjevi. Also, H. filipjevi and H. latipons were found in combination with root and crown rot fungi, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum, F. solani and Gaeumannomyces graminis, in some fields. Results of the biology study showed that H. latipons developed only one generation in each wheat growing season and its developmental stages are closely related to the climate conditions and the host plant growth. Immature females were first evident on roots in the third week of March to early April, with soil temperatures of 11.8-13.3 degree C. The mature females containing eggs with embryo were observed in third week of April until early May, when the soil temperature was 14.2-15.3 degree C. H. latipons completed its life-cycle in about 145-150 days in wheat.
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Preparation of the Flora of provinces of Iran
2011
Jamzad, Ziba
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The floristic studies and identification of the plant species in different provinces of Iran will provide essential data for different research subjects associated with plants and natural resources. Referring to the research project titled "collection and identification of the flora of different provinces of Iran and development of provincial herbaria which was executed in two phases" in a period of 10 years, valuable data were provided about the flora and vegetation of provinces. The results should have been classified, arranged and published in the format of flora to be available to researchers, students and conservationists. The preparation of provincial floras project was defined to be executed in the following provinces: East Azaerbayjan, Hamadan, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Loresta and Qhazvin in 1384 and in the next year (1385) for Markazi, Esfahan and Khorasan. The floristic list of each province was prepared based on the new collections and identification of species in each of the mentioned herbaria, different floras, the Iranian Journal of Botany and thesis concerning floristic and vegetation studies. The families and genera of each province were listed and the identification keys were prepared for families, then genera and species in different plant families. The species are provided with a description, geographical distribution in the province and in Iran. In each province the endemic species of Iran and those specific to the province were identified. The floristic list of special vegetation types were studied referring their importance from conservation point of view or species richness and collection reports in Flora Iranica. Digital images were prepared of different species in their natural habitats. The results show that there are more plant species than what previously reported for each province. In East Azarbayjan province 2171 species were identified which are classified in 113 families and 624 genera. The identification keys for families and genera were prepared. The species identification keys and descriptions were prepared in alphabetical order. A total of 700 digital images were prepared in the natural habitats. The special habitats of the province including Arasbaran, aquatic, saline, and alpine vegetation types were studied and their floristic lists were prepared. There are 112 endemic species in this province from which 48 are confined to the province. In Ghazvin Province 1575 species were identified which are classified in 96 families and 615 genera. The identification keys for families and genera were prepared. The species identification keys and descriptions were prepared in alphabetical order. A total of 877 digital images were prepared in the natural habitats. There are 186 endemic species in this province from which 7 are confined to the province. In Kordestan Province 2110 species were identified which are classified in 101 families and 598 genera. The identification keys for families and genera were prepared. The species identification keys and descriptions were prepared in alphabetical order. A total of 977 digital images were prepared in the natural habitats. The special habitats of the province including Zarivar lake and saline lands in northeast of Bijar (Pirtaj Village) were studied and their floristic list were prepared. There are 264 endemic species in this province from which 58 are confined to the province. In Lorestan province 1705 species were identified which are classified in 93 families and 547 genera. The identification keys for families and genera were prepared. The species identification keys and descriptions were prepared in alphabetical order. A total of 500 digital images were prepared in the natural habitats. There are 143 endemic species in this province from which 29 are confined to the province. In Markazi Province 1190 species were identified which are classified in 78 families and 454 genera. The identification keys for families and genera were prepared. The species identification keys and descriptions were prepared in alphabetical order. There are 257 endemic species in this province from which 11 are confined to the province. In Hamadan Province 1632 species were identified which arte classified in 92 families and 512 genera. The identification keys for families and genera were prepared. The species identification keys and descriptions were prepared in alphabetical order. A total of 757digital images were prepared in the natural habitats. There are 304 endemic species in this province from which 27 are confined to the province. It should be noted that the project in Khorassan was paused in request of its researcher because of retirement issue. In Kermanshah the project was paused for two years because of leave of absence of its researcher. The reports of Esfahan and Kermanshah projects will be presented when they are finished and submitted.
Study of adaptability and yield comparison of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) winter lines. [2011]
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Mostafavi Rad, Marefat
Mir Abdolhagh, Akbar
Abstract:
In order to evaluate and compare of stability and yield of 20 superior winter rapessed lines (Brassica napus L.) and 3 promising line along with Okapi and Modena as check, two field experiments was carried out during 2009 – 2011 growing seasons based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research station of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran. Each plot was incloding of four rows with 5 meter length and 30 centimeter distance. Important agronomic traits such as days number to initiation and end of flowering, length of flowering, days number to ripening, length of ripening, plant height, second branche number per plant, seed number per pod, pod number per plant were recorded during growth season. After harvesting, 1000 - seed weight and yield was estimated. The results of compuned analysis of variances showed that rapeseed cultivars had significant differences for all measured traits at 1% level prpbability.In this research, SW102 line had the most grain yield (4890 kg/ha) and L147 line showed the least grain yield (2732 kg/ha). Inaddition, grain yield of Okapi and Modena cultinars was equal 3622 and 3928 kg/ha, respectively. Keywords: Line, Winter Rapeseed, cold and semi cold location