Determination Of desert area boundaries in Markazi province.

2004

Khosru Shahi, Mohammad; Gandom Kar Qalhari, Akbar; Farmahini Farahani, A`li; Ebrahimi, Nader Qoli; Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah; Pur Matin, Afshin; Davudi Rad, A`li Akbar; Najimi, Abu Al-Fazl; Musavi, A`li Akbar

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Desert is a place that face human's life with problem from the viewpoint of environment. For creation this condition, different factors such as climate, geology, vegetation, hydrology, pedology and geomorphology are playing special role and have interaction to each other. In order to determining desert boundaries the precise studies of above mentioned factors and their interactions are necessary. For programming about combating desertification and optimum use of existing potentials, determination of deserts boundaries and complete information about them are one of the fundamental aspects. For achieving to final aim of this study i.e. determination geographical boundary of Markazi province deserts, complete studies has done on geology, geomorphology, hydrology, pedology and vegetation, and other information has integrated. The results showed that there are 74740.1 ha deserts from viewpoint of geology, 417960.1 ha deserts from viewpoint of geomorphology, 1037036.5 ha deserts from viewpoint of climatology, 276074 ha deserts from viewpoint of vegetation, 193186.4 ha deserts from viewpoint of pedology and 53132.8 ha deserts from viewpoint of Hydrology in Markazi province. Combining maps of deserts from 6 different view point's show 1372247.1 ha of Markazi province are located in desert area. Boundaries of desert from different viewpoint, has showed non-similar areas and because of this from overlaying maps of desert and determining common features of them were used to recognize the real deserts. On the basis of this investigation, 52975 ha (1.8 percent) of Markazi province area is located to real deserts area, including Kavire-e- Meighan, parts of south east and north east of saveh township and small parts of Delijan and Mahallat township. Effective factors for emerging desert properties are in order geology, geomorphology, hydrology, pedology and vegetation.

Frequency study of rotavius, coronavirlus,e.coli k99 and cryptospridium in calves diarrhea in dairy farms of arak city

2000

Gaemaghami, Seyed Shamsedin; Kargar, R.; Haghdin, M.M.; Sepehrmanesh, M.H.; Jamali, M.S.

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Diarrhea is a major cause of mortality in young calves under once month. Bovine neonatal gastroenterritis is a multifactorial disease. it can be caused by viruses: rotavirus or coronavirus by bacteria:salmonella or e-colik99, or by protozoan microoragnisms such as cryptosporidium parvum. The diagnosis of the etiologicak agent of diarrhea can only be preformed in the laboratory beacuse clinical sign donot allow to diffrentiate between the different microoganisms. in order to survey of frequency of (nfectious,coronavirvirus, E.coi K99 and parastic ( cryptosporidium) agent in calves diarrhea, 82 feces sample were collected of 12 indastrical diary herds in arak. we used ELISA metod for detection of above antigen in samples. the test used 96-well microtitration plates by specific antibadies for each agent. these antibodies allow a spicific capture of the corresponding pathogens which are present in the faces samples. feces were diluted in dilution buffr and incubated on the microplate for 60 minutes at room temprature. after htis first hncabation step, the plate was eashed and incubated for 60 minutes with the conjugate. after this second incubation the plate was washed again and the chromogen were added. enzymatic reacition was stopped by acidification and results were recorded by Elisa reader at 450 nm. the signals recorded for the negative control microwells were substracted from the corresponding positive microwells. the positive antigen supplied withe the kit gave the refrence value. multiplying this valu by a sepcific conefficient it was possible to determin a limit of positivity for the kit. From 82 samples, 69 cases were positive and 13 cases were negative withe elisa metjod. results are present in table 1,2 and 3,4. contamination with cryptosporidium was detected in 41 cases(%50), rotaviros in 28 cass( %34), cronavirus in 28 cases ( %34), and E. colik 99 in 24 cases (%34), so cryptosporidium is the most frequent agent was detected in this study. From

Design and produce of water, agriculture & natural Resources info base of markazi province.

2007

Najmi, Motaba; Noori, Abolfazl; Moghadasi, Jafar; Mohtashami, Ali; Ahmadi, Mohammad Reza; Ebrhimi, Nader Goli; Azadnia, Ahmad

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The project approved in Markazi province, research and technology council and derived to the agriculture and natural resources research center for executing. The project entitled as"Water, Agriculture and Natural resources InfoBase of Markazi provinces". That is web base software develop agriculture section for production job opportunity and investment purposes. In the first step the required space and uploading processes in the internet designed in the following address; www.agrimarkazi.ir In the development phases of the project collected data upload in the mentioned address and other quality investigation corrected out. In this project the agriculture section divided into 32 subdivisions of: Watershed - Soil and water - Water Affairs - Soil and water engineering - Natural resources - Environment – Meteorology, Agronomy and horticulture - Plant conservation - Support services - Lands affairs, Animal affairs - Veterinary - Animal affairs support - Bird and animal slaughter-house - Veterinary clinics and drugstores – fishery, Rural conversion industry - Rural construction and development - Agricultural Mechanization - Agricultural machines development agency - Arak dairy industry - Agricultural Extension and People participation - Utilization systems - Tribes affaires, Business - Agricultural cooperation - Rural cooperation - Bank facilities - Agricultural Bank. In this site agricultural information of Markazi province and data and performance of subdivisions including ; Summary of concepts and introduction of sub division, accessibility to management, data report, agricultural news, related sites, meteorology, advertisement and user services, have been submitted. Other characteristic of this site is the International coding of ISIC and HS in two languages of Persian and English Data management under MIS and DSS system and advanced search possibility for programming and investment and job opportunity of general and privet members are of other characteristics of this site. By suggestion of different idea and help from the related governors and updating of information it is hopefully that this site could give suitable services for all of the participants in the agriculture section and develop the Agricultural section in the Markazi province.

Collection, recognition, planting and domestication of medical plants of markazi province.

2000

Baba Khan Lou, Parviz; Mottaqi, Abbas; Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza; Gandom Kar Qalhari, Akbar; Mozaffariyan, Vali Ol-Lah; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah

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The Markazi Province has different typs of climatic condition due to its location which is inside the angle of Alborz and Zagros mountains. As a concequence of such a chractrisitics it posses a great varity of high diversity of plant species. On the basis of existing reports and scientific resources as were as field investigation,there are more than 1200 plant species in rangeland areas of Markazi Province from which 144 species were recognized as medical plants, that belongs to 127 genus and 48 famillies. The famillies of compositeae and labiateae are the most dominants.The distribution of some of these sp is limitted to special habitat typs and elevation but the majority of them are wildly distributed over the areas undepent on amount of elevation and rainfall. In this research based on glossary of medical teatment and field investigation the medical plants of Markazi pravince and 28 new sp which are not more pronounced in the literatures were introduced. The most importat of medical plants of Markazi province were planted with the aim of establishing basis for further research work in Ali-abad medical plants research station .

Investigation on Verticillium Wilt of Alfalfa in Markazi Province

2004

Qalandar, Mojtaba; Haq shenas, Mahmoud

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An outbreak of a wilt-like disease of alfalfa (lucerne) in the Markazi province of Iran was investigated. Diseased alfalfa occurred on sprinkler irrigated alkaline soils in north of Arak county in the Markazi province of Iran, but the disease was absent in other counties of the province. Field symptoms during early growth stages typically consisted of V-shape orangepinkish necrotic areas on the leaflets tips. On severely affected shoots of more mature plants, leaflets were usually necrotic and twisted, forming spirals. Diseased stems remained erect and did not become chlorotic until after all the leaves had lost their chlorophyll. New shoots on infected plants appeared normal at first but showed symptoms as they approached physiological maturity. These symptoms are very similar to those reported for Verticilliumwilt in alfalfa, and V. albo-atrum was isolated from field collected plant samples by plating surface-sterilized tissues onto water agar (WA). V. alboatrum was confirmed as the causal agent of the disease by re-inoculation of lucerne plants using a conidial suspension by root dip inoculation. Symptoms on inoculated plants were similar to those described above for field infections. Following amplification by PCR, the sequences of the complete ITS1/5.8S/ITS2 regions of the rRNA gene repeats for three isolates (GenBank Acc. Nos Ay536044-6) were identical to that previously reported for the lucerne (L), pathotype of GpI V. albo-atrum. Although generally similar morphologically to V. albo-atrum, the resting mycelium produced in 19 culture was paler than expected and without the torulose cells. Stem cutting from ten-week old alfalfa plants were placed upright in a beaker containing 50 ml of either 1:1 filtrate/autoclaved distilled water, 1:1 PDB/autoclaved distilled water, or autoclaved distilled water. After 24 hrs all solutions were replaced with 50 ml of distilled water. Cuttings displayed Verticillium wiltlike symptoms after uptake of the filtrate. This is the first reported occurrence of Verticillium-wilt disease of alfalfa in Iran, or indeed anywhere in continental Asia.

Measuring the comparative advantage of bean in Zanjan and Markazi provinces

1386

Ainollahi Ahmadabadi, Moharram; Kalaii, Ali

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Zanjan and Markazi provinces are two main regions for bean production in Iran. Farmers of these provinces allocate annually more than 24 thousand hectares of their fertile lands to bean cultivation and supply more than 25 percent of bean in the country. Average yield of the bean in these regions is higher than mean yield of the country. In Zanjan province that has the highest yield in the country, cities Abhar and Khorramdarreh are the most important regions for bean production. While in Markazi province, bean is produced in all the cities except for Ashtian Regarding to potential of the aforementioned provinces, government emphasis for developing non-oil specially agricultural products exports and also programming for joining to World Trade Organization (WTO) by the country, shows the necessity of studying the comparative advantage of agricultural products. In this relation, this research was prepared and carried out in Zanjan and Markazi provinces in order to study the comparative advantage of bean. Required data were obtained by interviews with the farmers in the provinces and filling in the pre-structured questionnaires. Gathered data were analyzed using the EXCEL and SPSSWIN softwares and comparative advantage was calculated using the DRC, SCB and NSP criteria. For both provinces, Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) and Social Cost Benefit (SCB) were calculated greater than one and Net Social Profit (NSP) was calculated greater than zero. Data analyzes indicated that both Zanjan and Markazi provinces have comparative advantage in bean production. Key words: Bean, Comparative Advantage, DRC, SCB, NSP, Zanjan province, Markazi province

Survey of Effective Factors on Adoption or Rejection of Pressurized Irrigation Systems by Farmers in Markazi Province.

2010

Najami, Mojtaba; Moghadasi, Jafar; Borghani Farahani, Mehedi; Saeidi, Ahmad; Khosravi, Akbar; Khazanchin, Mahnaz; Tavakoli, Mohammad Reza

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In this study the factors affecting acceptance or rejection of pressurized irrigation systems by farmers in Markazi Province has been investigated. These factors are include; personal characteristics (age, education and experience), financial resources, production facilities ownership, land ownership, water source ownership, quality (EC) of water, type of product, implementation of training courses and extension services, credit, interest and enthusiasm modern methods of agriculture, investment risk, saving irrigation costs, increased prodauction and increased cultivation of agricultural products. To study these survey research methods is used. Database of pressurized irrigation systems of the implementation of applicants were prepared from Jihad Organization of Markazi Province. This data is until Shahrivar of 1388 that the numbers of applicants in 1721 people are concerned.On the other hand according to agricultural census 82 years the number of farmers and agricultural water garden with the Markazi province has about 75176 populations, which numbers this research identifies. Cochran sampling and sample size was 382 people. 60 percent of patients stratified systematic method of statistics taken from the applicants implement new irrigation systems and 40 percent other selected randomly from among the farmers who still use traditional irrigation systems were selected. Through interviews and questionnaire information was collected and for the relationship between independent variables and dependent Cross tabulation and Chi-Square test was used. The results showed that the dependent variable (i.e. adoption of pressurized irrigation systems) and independent variables including personal characteristics, land ownership, ownership of water, quality (EC) of water, credit, interest and enthusiasm for modern methods of agriculture, risk in investment, saving the costs of irrigation, increased production and increased cultivation of agricultural products significant relationship exists. Also recommended for most of the farmers welcomed these systems, training and extension methods appropriate and consistent, easy loan, and encourage the formation of production cooperatives in order to attempt integration of land is small and scattered

Collection and identification of establishment herbaria in Markazi Province.

2009

Ranjbar, Mosa; Goodarzi, Gholam Reza; Mottaghi, Abbas; Soufiyan, Khadijeh

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The research plan of collection identification and nursery of plants and establishment of herbarium in Markazi province is one of the most important research actions for other natural recourses activities. It could be a possibility to make scientific services for executive .educational and research sections. On the other hand classification of plants based on consumption types. Such as medicinal, industrial or based on animal preference has the scientific values for natural resources researchers, student, experts and other users. In this research on different seasons and during the recognizable plant identification (period of flower and fruit), the Markazi province plants were collected, identified after drying, samples species were labeled. In this research (phase ٢ ) ٢٩٢٦ samples from ٩٥٢ species ٥٧٥ genus, and ٧٤ family were collected from which ٢٠٢ species from ١٣١ genus were identified as new species. ٣ new family also were collected and identified. We also concluded the distribution of plant samples based on the township discrimination as follows: shazand with ٧٨٢ samples, Saveh with ٥٨٠samples, Ashtian with ١٥٢samples, tafresh with ٣٣٠samples, khomein with ٢٤٠samples, Mahallat and Delijan with ٢١١ samples. While ١٤٨ samples also were send to forest and range land institute of Iran. Should be meridians that in phase ١ of this research plan ٦٤٠٠ sample from ١٠٢٠ species, ٤٤٠genus and ٧١ families were collected and identified. From which ١١٦٨ were send to forest and rangeland institute of Iran. In this plan(phase ١ and ٢ ) as a total ٩٣٢٦ samples from ١٢٢٢ species, ٤٧٦ genus and family were collected which are exited in herbarium of Makazi province. Key word: collection, identification, plants, herbarium, flora, Markazi province

The collection, identification, maintenance, regeneration and utilization of forest trees and shrubs genetic resources of Markazi Province.

2008

Panah Pur, Heydar; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah; A`refi, Maddah; Gudarzi, Gholam Reza; Azdu, Ziya; Asareh, Mohammad Hassan

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Recognition of plant genetic resources, investigation of ecological and morphological condition and determination of geographical location of the plant species as well as implementation of research projects on conservation and protection of these resources with the use of different conservation technices seems to have a special importance. In this research, the geographical location and distribution of tree and shrubs of Markazi province were determined with GPS and recorded in digital map as a segment with 1/50000 scale and then polygonized. Gegraphic information system (GIS) and ilwis academic software were applied on mapping the tree and shrubs species distribution with two form of polygon and point maps. Different ecological parameters of the species such as sampling location, species distribution in defferent township, latitude and longitude of the species habitats, soil types depth and pH, tree and shrubs height, slop percentage of sampling area,… as well as morphological parameters such as plant diameter, plant form,. Stem, branch leaf, leaflet, flower, fruit, seed and charactristics such as color, size and etc were recorded and measured for 12 species with the first priorities such as pistacia atlantica, Pistacia khinjuke, Nitraria shobiri, Rus cororaria, Quercus persica, Amygdalus scoparia, Lonicer Nummulariifolia, Berberris Integrrima, Cerataegus Zsovitsii, Cerataegus Pseudoheterophylla, Creatagous Atrosanguinea. In parallel the seeds of plants were collected during the proper time and after cleaning and drying labelled and were sent to gen bank of institute of forest and rangeland of Iran for keeping and further assesment. In this research a list of tree and shrubs of markazi province also were prepared. And 44 area were recognized as geographic distribution of tree and surubs genetic resources.

Study of Distribution and ecology of wild pistacia in Markazi province; Case study: Nazar Kardeh habitat in Saveh Town ship

2004

Zahedi Pour, H.; Fatahi, M.; Mirdavoodi, H.; Azdoo, Z.

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Considering appropriate adaptability of different wild species of pistacia in different arid and semi-arid environment of the country as well as its high value from the point of view of rezin and other chemical production, oil, and pharmacological consumption of their seeds, founding their habitats in the different areas of Markazi province (as a sub-project of the national project under the title of The study of pistacia distribution and related influencing factors in Iran) seems to be important. In this project first of all, the basic informaton including topographical,soil, climate, geologyl, and landuse map of Nazar Kardeh mountain in Saveh Town ship with 1/50000 scale were prepared and digitized.In order to study the phenological characteristics of the species.The parameters, such as the number of trees in the samples, trees height, trees width diameters, the time of flowering, the time of leaf appearance, the amount of seeds and its color, ... were recorded in sampling areas. After establishing the DEM of the areas, aspect and slope map were also produced using dfdx and dfdy filter using Ilwis Academic program package. On the basis of this investigation the following results were obtained. The distribution limits are located between 1080 to 1293 above sea level.The density of trees are 30 – 50 individuals per ha.The average hight of the trees is 3.27 m, and the maximum hight is 5 m.The average height of the tree trunk is about 1.18m.The average tree crown height is 2.10 m.The mean tree trunk diameter (diameter at breast hight ) is 7.3 cm.The average hight of the large and small crown are in order 2.1 m and 3.16m keywords: Wild pistacia, Ecology, Iran, Distribution, Saver

Autecology study of polygonum luzuloides and polygonum paronychioides in Markazi province.

2008

Shah Moradi, Amr A`li; Nasr Ol-Lahi, Abu Al-Fazl; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah; Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza; Zare`, Mostafa

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Each plan and operation for rangland improvement and restoration needs the complete recognition of endemic and importance plant species. In this research¡ the indivisual charactristic of 2 plant species ( Polygonium ¡ luzulioides¡ Polygonum paronychioides) and their relationships to biotic and abotic factors of ecosystem were studied. Therefor, first of all, the Geographical location of this 2 plant species were recognized. Then, climatic condition, vegetation and other environmental charactristic of this two plant species such as phenology, preference valve and seed condition were studied. For details investigation, 3 vegetative region including: step area of Aznojan, Semi step area of Gole _ Zard and ligh mountains area of Chepeghly were specified in rangland area of Markazi province, Result show that the species po.luzuloides were distributed in 8219,2 ha of Markazi province, mainly in north eastern part of province such as Rasvand mountain¡ in the area of sooraneh, Besri, langrood, kheibar, Aladagh, sarv, Dokhaharan¡ Azna, qhela, Do-ture, Haji-naser, and poloyi mountains. The average rainfall in step and semistep habitates for po-paronychioides is 242,16 m.m and in high mountains area is 308,86 mm. The mean annval Temperature in step and semistep habitates for this sp is 12,9 C◦ and in high mountains is 13,9 C◦. The habitate soil PH of the former sp is 6,9 at 7,7 dominated with clay texture and low depth. The soil pH of the polygonum luzulioides is 8 dominated with sandy clay loam and clay loam. The frequency of po.luzlioides is ٪ ;73 and the weight of thousand seed is ٪ ;85 gr. grazing is low to intermediate for this sp and grazed from germination step to flowering time. During the flowering time becouse of unfavorit smell of this sp¡ animals are devoided. The frequency of po.paronychioides in step¡ semistep and high mountains habitates are in order ٪ ;86¡ ٪ ;97 and ٪ ;50 with ٪ ;95 gr weight of thousand seed. This sp overgrazed with sheep and goat in this area.

Effects of iodine and selenium supplementation of the Farahani sheep on their mineral status in Markazi province,Iran

2009

Talebian Masoudi, A.R., Member of the Academic Board of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province; Fazaeli, H.; Bahadori, S.

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Three year research was conducted to determine the selenium and iodine status and monitoring effects of mineral supplementation of sheep flocks in Markazi province, Iran. Three sheep flock in different areas (Shazand, Khomein and Arak) were selected and in each flock, 120 young ewes were randomly allotted to 4 treatments groups included: no supplement (T1) as control, (T2 ) injections of Se, (T3) Iodine and (T4 )Selenium plus iodine. Results showed that, glutation peroxidase enzyme (GSH-Px) activity as well as the iodine status were significantly(P0.05) different among the flocks, where the highest activity amount(102.2 U/g Hb) of the enzyme found in Arak but lowest (46.3 U/g Hb) in Shazand flock. The highest urinary concentration of iodine was detected in Khomein flock (39.0 µg/L) followed by Arak (35.9 µg/L) but lowest amount (24.7 µg/L) found in Shazand flock. There were significantly (P0.05) differences between the years for GSH-Px activity and urinary iodine concentration in the ewes but the seasonal variations were limited to Arak flock. Injection of Se+E significantly (P0.05) increased GSH-Px activity. Iodine supplementation resulted a significantly (P0.05) higher urine iodine content. The results indicated the probability of iodine and selenium deficiency in some flocks. Utilization of the supplements positively affected mineral status of ewes.

Evaluation of Forage Yield and Quality of Intercropping of Vetch and Grasspea with Grasses Annual under Rainfed Conditions in Markazi province.

2010

Roozbahani, Afshin; Ghadbyghlo, Javad; Babaei, Taghi; Mir Abdolhagh, Akbar

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To evaluate and compare the quantitative and qualitative yield of vetch and grasspea intercropping with annual Grasses under rainfed conditions of Markazi Province, an experiment during ١٣٨٧ - ٨٨ and ١٣٨٨ - ٨٩ Farm Research Station Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, located in region the Frahan, Tafresh city and as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments to ١٦ treatments, including pure culture vetch (Vicia Panonica), grasspea (Lathyrus Sativus) with a density of ٢٥٠ seeds per square meter and annual grasses includes triticale and annual lolium (Lolium multiflorium) with a density of ٤٠٠ seeds per square meter and the ratios of various intercropping they contain legumes ٧٥ % + Grass ٢٥ %, legumes ٥٠ % + Grass ٥٠ %, legumes ٢٥ % + Grass ٧٥ % to replace and tangled were applied. Traits including both wet and dry forage yield and protein yield of forage were measured. Harvesting wet forage was ٥٠ % flowering stage legumes with dough stage of grain the grass. Statistical analysis on data using SAS software was performed. The results of analysis of variance combined data measured showed that between crop years, treatments and year * treatment interaction for wet forage yield, dry forage yield and forage protein with ٩٩ % confidence was significant difference. In comparing the mean treatments for wet forage, intercropping treatments ٩ (vetch ٥٠ % + triticale ٥٠ %), ١١ (grasspea ٥٠ % + triticale ٥٠ %), ٧ (grasspea ٢٥ % + triticale ٧٥ %), ١٣ (vetch ٧٥ % + triticale ٢٥ %), ٥ (vetch ٢٥ % + triticale ٧٥ %) and ١٥ (grasspea ٧٥ % + triticale ٢٥ %), respectively, with ١٦,٥٨٠ to ١٥,٣٣٦ kg per hectare and no significant difference had the highest yield and for dry forage, intercropping treatments ٩ , ٧ , ١١ , ٥ , ١٣ and ١٥ ,respectively, with ٥٦١٥ to ٤٦٩٣ kg per ha, had the highest yield. Protein yield treatment grasspea ٢٥ % + triticale ٧٥ % with ٨٠٥ kg per hectare the highest yield and intercropping treatments, respectively ١١ , ٩ , ١٥ , ١٣ and ٥ are the next category. Land Eqivalent Ratio (LER) the intercropping treatments are larger than the unit. According to the results obtained is observed that intercropping treatments vetch and grasspea with triticale had the highest wet and dry forage yield and protein.Among these, intercropping vetch and grasspea ٥٠ % with triticale ٥٠ % and grasspea ٢٥ % with triticale ٧٥ % are superior to others. Overall, this study is concluded that with intercropping vetch and grasspea with triticale in above ratios can produce considerable forage in terms of quantity as well as quality which could be suitable alternative for fallow after wheat in region drylands. Key words: intercropping, legume, triticale, forage yield

Critical for phosphorus and potassium.‎ ،for bean(phaseolus valgaris L.)in Markazi province‎.

2006

Kodshenas, Mohammad Ali; Dadivar, Masoud; Gadbeyklo, Javad; Moradabadi, Golam Reza

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Soil test has important role in plant nutrition management to obtain economical agriculture system. Recommendation soil testing results arr reigenal' therefore this tests and calibrations must be carried out necessarily for each specific climate condition. Bean \{Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most widly grown in markazi province and has high nutrition value for human.Lack of any information about potassium and phosphorus critical levels and regional calibration' this study was canducted in markazi province. Soil surface samples including twenty three for phophorus and twenty xix for potassium experiments' with wide rang of soil properties and p* k concentration were collected from different zone of province and prepeared for greenhouse cultivation. Greenhouse experiment was conducted as complete randomized design with three replications for each elements. Treatments were including two levels of potassium (CM 00 mg k kg'' soil) and phosphorus (0'50 mg p kg"' soil). At the end of vegetative stage plants harvested and prepeard fof laboratory analysis. Analyze of variance results showed that effect of soil and fertilizer were significant on dry matter weighet' and p' k concentration and uptake. Inn-action effect of soil and fertilizer was significant on three prameters in phosphorus experiment but this effect only significant on potassium concentration. Results of Duncan multiple range test showed that fertilizers application had significant difference on dry matter weight concentration and plant uptake of phosphorus and potassium, Critical level determined 13 mg p kg"' soil for phosphorus (olson method) and 150 mg k kg"' soil for potassium (ammonium acetate method) with cate - nelson graphic method. Dry mather weight had significant correlation with available k' cation exehang capacity ' clay and sand but k concentration and uptake showed significant correlation with k available and organic carbon percentage. In phosphorus experiment dry matter weight had significant correlation with phosphorus available and organic carbon percentage. Phosphorus concentration was correlated significantly with sand and organic carbon percentage but phosphorus uptake had significant correlation with electrical conductivity' clay* sand and organic carbon percentage. Key word: Bean, Phosphorus, potassium. Critical level. .

Drawing Depth Area Duration in Markazi Province

2007

Agharazi, H.; Telvari, A.; Davoudirad, A.A.

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Recognition of rainfall spatial variation over catchments is an important factor in designing water resources and watershed treatment projects. Drawing depth- area- duration (DAD) curves in any region can be useful to estimate spatial distribution of precipitation in drainage basin. The present study has been carried out for Markazi province and its adjacent area. Markazi province has an area of 2940000 hectare. There are 59 rain guages and one synoptic station over the province area with 30 years rainfall records (1966-1997). 60 numbers of 24 hours precipitation events have been selected for the study and the cumulative 24, 12, 6 and 3 hours rainfall graphs were draw. Gradient equation of each rainfall event was developed using the relation of elevation and precipitation. Topographic map of province were digitized using Ilwis 2.2 GIS program package. Gradiant equation for each event was entered to GIS in order to prepare isoohytal map. Some parameters including increment area, net rainfall, cumulative precipitation and the average of maximum precipitation for each precipitation have been identified. Then the first curves of DAD for any precipitation have been drawn and for each base time, the average value of precipitation for have been calculated and drawn. These curves show that in area of one square kilometer in each time of 24, 12, 6, and 3 hours the values of 40, 31, 28.5 and 28 mm precipitation were exist. The results showed that small areas, there is no significant differences between base time of 3, 6, and 12 hours. Whereas in large areas this event is being seen for example in area of 29 square kilometers and in base time of 3, 6, 12, and 24 hour, the values of 7.8, 12.2, 12.3, and 21 mm precipitation were exist. There are no significant differences between 6 and 12 hours curves of DAD.

Resistance to Aryloxyphenoxy propionate herbicides in wild oat (Avena spp.)

2004

Zand, Eskandar; Ramezani, Mohammad Kazem; Fereydun Pur, Mohammad; Makani, Azar; Kashani, Fatemeh; Bavari nezhad , Hasan

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Inorder to evaluate the resistance of wild oat (Avena spp.) to Aryloxyphenoxy propionate herbicides, separate field experiments were performed in 2002-2003 growing season in Fars, Khuzestan and Markazi provinces. Also three separate green house experiments were performed in the green houses of Plant Pest and Diseases Research Institute(PPDRI),Tehran. Field experiments were coducted as a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of treatments in four replications.The treatments were wild oat population(5 in Fars,4 in each of Markazi and khurasan). one of the population in each location was sensitive and the others were suspicious to resistance.The other treatment was herbicide dosage in two levels (0 and recommended dosages).The herbicide and dosage used in each location was phenoxaprop-p-butyl(1 lit. h-1) in Fars(includes FR1,FR2,FR3 and FR4 as suspecious populations(SP) and a sensitive population(SP)), diclofopmethyl( 2.5 lit. h-1) in Markazi(includes MR1,MR2 and MR3 as SP and MS as SP) and clodinafop-propagyl (0.8 lit.h-1)in Khuzestan(include KR1,KR2 and KR3 as SP and KS as SP). The measured traits were density(p.m-2) and shoot biomass(g. m-2) of wild oat.The density was measured at three times, prior to application herbicides, 3 week after application herbicides and at harvest time. The green house experiments were conducted using a randomized complete design with 4 replications in phenoxaprop-p-butyl and clodinafop-propagyl and 5 replications in diclofop-methyl.The time of herbicides application and the used dosage were like the field experiments. Density(p. m-2)and shoot biomass(g. m-2)and numbering according to EWRC,were performed four week after herbicides application. The result indicated that KR3 was resistant to clodinafop-propagyl in the field experiments and KR1,KR2 and KR3 were resistant to diclofop-methyl , clodinafop-propagyl and phenoxaprop-p-butyl and FR4 to phenoxaprop-p-butyl in the green house experiments.

The study of influencing factors on wild pistacia sp distribation in Markazi Province

2005

Zahedi Pur, Hojat Ol - Lah; Mir Davodi, Hamid Reza; Godarzi, Gholam Reza; Azdu, Ziya; Moradi, Hamid

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The species of wild pistacia are the most valuable species from the view point of economy and environmental protection.feed and forage values of its branches and grains, chemical and medical useages of its gum as well as species importance rol to protecting the environment and restoring badly degradated watershed areas has given an outstanding and important values to it.In this resarch first of all, areas or habitats of the different species in markazi province were recoqnized and mapped. Then phenological investigation were carried out to determine some qualitative chractrisitcs of the trees and habitats. Some influencing environmental factors to species distribution were also recognized .On the basis of this investigation 19 unit or polygon in 16 geogrphical areas with 2216/2 ha in the form of 4 different forest types were recognized from which 10 units are the most important .The maximum species distribution were recognized on 10-20 slope degree with 520 ha dominated on the east- part of the areas. We also concluded that hight distribtion range of the species are located between 1200-2400 m above sea level.

Effects of selenium and iodine supplementation on sheep performance in Markazi province, Iran.

2008

Talebiyan Mas`udi, A`li Reza; Faza`eli, Hassan; Bahadori, Sirus; Naderi Niya, Homayun; Ebrahimi, Keyvan

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In this study, three sheep flock were selected in three different areus of Markazi Provience in Iran where selenium (Se) and Iodid (I) status was studied in the selected livestocks. In each flock, 120 ews were divided in four groups where three of them used as treatment (TSe ,TI and TSe+I ) and one as contral (C). Ews in TSe, TI and TSe+I resieved Se, I and Se+I supplement respectively, where the C did not resive any supplement. Results showed that, glutation-peroxidase enzyme (GSH-Px) activity as well as the I status were significantly (P0.05) different anong the flocks, where the highest amount (102.2) of the enzyme found in Arak but the lowest (46.3) amount in Shazand flock. The highest urinary concentration of I was detected in Khomain flock (39.0 mg/L), fallowed by Arak flock (35.9 mg/L) but lowest amount (24.7 mg/L) found in Shazand flock. There were significantly (P0.05) differences between the years for GSH-Px activity and urinary I concentration in the ews but the seasond variation was limited only in Arak flock. Injection of Se+E significantly (P0.05) increused GSH-Px activity. Iodid supplementation resulted a significantly (P0.05) higher urine I content. Utilization of supplements affected reprodutive performance of ews positively, however no similar status was found in all flock.

Evaluation of biological traits and selection of the best colonies in Tehran, Isfahan,Ghazvin and Markazi provinces.

2008

Tahmasbi, Gholam Hossein; Kamali Sarvestani, Mohammad A`li; E`badi, Rahim; Nejati Javarami, Ardeshir; Javaheri, Davud; Bahreyni Nu Bandegani, Rasul; Yar Ahmadi, Sima; A`kef, Majid; Jamshidi, Masha` Al-Lah; Akhondi, M.; Mashayekhi, Majid; Farshineh A`dl, Mohammad Baqer; Taj Abadi, Naser; Sotudeh, Ja`far; Bigdeli, Ruh Al-Lah

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Using of honeybee queens with more production and suitable behaviour is one of the important pillars of Apiculture success. In actual using of bred queens srupply the best exploitation of pollen and nectar regions. Scientist of honeybee genetic believed the best breeding strategy for regions that located in honeybee natural distribution area in the world, is breeding of native honeybee reces. In actual in these regions which had native race from millions years ago, trying of researchers for its improvement production and behoviour traits and also decrease the negative characteristics is the best strategy. So in Iran with meda race (Iranian native honeybee race) from millions years ago honeybee breeding project was suggested to improve the Iranian honeybee colonies production and behaviour traits. Based on the results of morphological and biochemical study of honeybee population in Iran the first phase breeding project was conducted in Tehran, Isfahan, Markazi and Ghazvin provinces, in the central of Iran, in the firs phase of breeding project, 5000 honeybee colonies of 27 cities in four provinces were evaluated during the 1998. Honey production swarning behaviour, agressiveness and calmness behaviour were assessed in these colonies and after analyzing of obtained data 874 best colonies were selected based on independent colling level method. After evaluating in spring and summer the selected colonies were moved to Rodan and produced young queens in the winter of 1999. During the spring and summer of 1999 new established colonies were evaluated in Karaj and Lar. Finally 29 dron producer (Father colonies) and 98 mother colonies were selected for establishing the second generation. Honey production, swarming and defense behaviour were evaluated on the honeybee colonies during the spring and summer of 1999-2002 in the Animal Science Research institute (karaj) and highland regions of Alborz and Zagros mountains. The obtained data were analyzed in the autumn of each years and the best colonies were choosed in the end of years. 20 father colonies and 100 mother colonies were selected in the end of each years for establishing next generation. During these years the young larvae for grafting and queen rearing were selected of mother selected colonies in the end of each years. 15 young larvae were grafted of each mother colonies for queen rearing and finally 700 new colonies (7 young queens from each mother colonies) were established for next generation. The produced young queens were mated in the isolated regions with drones of father colonies. Because of imperfect data of colonies evalution the best Colonies were not selected in the end of 2001 and best colonies were selected in the end of 2002 year. Because of inadequate drones in the mating isolated areas 40 father colonies were selected in the end of 2003 and next years after that. To considering the obtained results of selecting the best colonies after four generation, we have desirable progress in swarming and defense behavior had honey production . Because of desirable progress of breeding project, selecting the best colonies, genetic parameters evaluation in the next years should continue and comparison of bred and control queens in different provinces should conducted to reveal the genetic progress of honeybee colonies during the last years.

Survey of Effectives of Rural Industries on Indexes of Economical and Social in Villages of Markazi Province.

2008

Najmi, Mojtaba; Rahimi, A`li Asghar; Ahmadi, Mohammad Reza; Najafi Zadeh, A`bbas

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The semi of our country population live in villages Approximately. That income of the more them is by agriculture. Agriculture by limited potentiality for example, scarcity of water and land, not enough of mechanization, hardness work in agriculture and with a low efficiency, have been caused that, villagers immigrate to cities. Of course, there are deferent resons of other for immigration of villagers, but at the present, that is enough. Roral Industrialization is a way for solation of problem, and experiments of deferent countries determine this object. In this research, rorul industries of extant were considred for Independed variable and Indexes of economical-social content: increase of income, create of jobs, invest of renewed, not immigration, change of based on age levels, creation of a class of industrial job and distribution of income that are dependent variables. Method of research is survey, such as, it must answerd to this question that, Can rural industries of extant effect on indexes of economical-social of Markazi province villages? In this reseach, in per village that it has atleast one industrial shop of active with productivity of three years ago, it is a unit of statistical. Our statistical population has 211 villages with above conditions that sample volume was calculated and became equal with 73 villages. Two questionnaires were designed from Indexes and questions of research. The first questionnaire for supervisors of families in per village and next for supervisors of industrial shops. Then questionnaires were filled for quantity of determined. Data of statistical were drawing up from questionnaires and also, documents of statistical. Then, they were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics with software of SPSS. In the end , this is concluded that , units of rural industries of extant have been not effected on indexes of economical–social of Markazi province villages, only, indexes of invest of renewed and change of based on age levels have been effected, but a few. For solution, we must use from methods of scientific and research, such as, measure of capacities and potentials of rural industries and location industries is determined, until it can aid to villages for industrialization of themselves, similar that ١٠٠ ,has happeneded in India and China. At last, we will develop villages by methods of above.

Site demands of Almond (Amygdalus scoparia) in Markazi province.

2008

Saqeb Talebi, Khosru; Gudarzi, Gholam Reza; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah; Ranjbar Masuri, Musa; Azdu, Ziya; Qad Bygh Lu, Javad

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Habitat needs and requirement of forest species is necessary for natural resources management. Amygdalus scoparia is one of the important forest species in Markazi province that could be use in different climatic condition and utilization in forested areas. In this research, first of all the laboratory and field investigation were carried out, then the data were analyzed using SAS, PC ORD and SPSS program package. Some ecological parameters such as land form, altitude, latitude and longitude, geographical aspect, topography, soil parameters as well as quantitative measurement of species growth such as tree height, crown diameters and quality, viability, regeneration and ground cover were investigated and analysed. On the basis of this investigation we concluded the following:1- maximum frequency on the species was observed in southern aspects of the investigated area. 2- the maximum vitality and regeneration were recognized in northern and north-eastern aspects of the area. 3- the maximum frequency were observed in altitudes 1500-2000 meters above sea level. 4- Soil of the area was non salty( EC= 0,4 _ 1,7 ppm), pH= 7,6 _ ٨٫٢ with light to intermediate texture. The result of this research show that the north an east aspects and valley as well as altitudes classes of 1500-2000 meter sea level, prepare the more suitable habitats for amygdalus scoparia. The presence of this species in humid environments also has highes corrolation with frequency of sand, clay, K and pH. Whereas in warm environment it has highes correlation with organic cabon, N and lime.

Investigation on Wheat Take-au and its Ditrbution in markaz : Tehran, Hamedan, Kordistan and Kermanshah Provinces

2004

Ghalandar, Mojtaba; Arjmandian, Amir; Safaee, Darush; Ghasemi, Mohammad Taghi

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During 1997-1998 irrigated winter wheat crops at the stages of tillering and at early milk to late milk wheat grain (G.S.73-77) in Markazi ,Hamedan ,Kermanshah ,Tehran ,and Kordestan provinces were investigated. Samples from obviously (a typically) blackened crown and root of infected wheat plants whit damping off, stunting, and prematuring (white head) were surface sterilized and cultured on PDA or R-PDA medium ,and several isolates of Gaeumannomyces graminis were recovered. Pathogenicity tests also carried out in glasshouse. All of the isolates were virulent on wheat and barley, whereas they were invirulent on oat. None of the isolates could grow on oat leaf agar medium (OLA).Furthermore, the growth of isolates on PDA + Cysteine was more than on PDA alone. The hyphopodia of the isolates were unlobed. The mean size of ascospores length was 76-99µTherefore the causal take-all disease on wheat in the province was identified as G. graminis (Sacc.) von Arx and Olivier var. tritici Walker. The severity of the disease was assessed based on the appearance of the crop( symptoms) using 0-4 assessment key. 8 and 5.8 percents of the wheat crops above-ground in Markazi and Hamedan provinces were found to be infected G. graminis ,respectively. The fungus was isolated from wheat plants in Tehran province, but its diversity and disease severity in wheat crops was not determined. The disease was not founded in Kermanshah and Kurdistan provinces.

Determination of critical level for iron and zinc in some calcareous soils under bean cultivation in Markazi province.

2009

Khod Shenas, Mohammad A`li; Dadivar, Mas`ud; Qadbiklu, Javad; Morad Abadi, Gholam Reza; Rudbarani, Jahan Gir

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Soil test has important role in plant nutrition management to obtain economical agriculture system. Recommendation soil testing results are regional¡ therefore this tests and calibrations must be carried out necessarily for each specific climate condition. Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most widly grown in markazi province and has high nutritional value for human. Because of lack of any information about iron and zinc critical levels and regional calibration¡ this study was canducted in markazi province. Soil surface samples including thirty eight for iron and zinc experiments¡ with wide rang of soil properties and Fe¡ Zn concentration were collected from different zone of province and prepeared for greenhouse cultivation. Greenhouse experiment was conducted as complete randomized design with three replications for each elements. Treatments were including two levels of iron and zinc (0¡10 mgkg-1 soil). At the end of vegetative stage plants harvested and prepeared for laboratory analysis. Analyze of variance results showed that effects of soil and fertilizer were significant on dry matter weighet¡ and Fe¡ Zn concentration and uptake. Intraction effects of soil and fertilizer were significant on dry matter weight , zinc concentration ,uptake and on iron concentration and uptake, in zinc and iron experiments respectively. Results of Duncan multiple range test showed that fertilizers application had significant difference on dry matter weight¡ concentration and plant uptake of iron and zinc. Critical level determined 5 mg Fe kg-1 soil for iron and 0.8 mg zn kg-1 soil for zinc (DTPA extraction method) with cate _ nelson graphic method.

Comparison of Improved honeybee queens of Iranian central region and control queens in different apiaries of Tehran, Isfahan, Markazi and Qazvin provinces

2010

Tahmasbi, Gh.; Kamali, M.A.; Ebadi, R., Prof. of Entomol. Dept., College of Agriculture, Isf. Unv. Technol. Isfehan; Nejati Javaremi, A., Asoc. Prof . of Animal Science Dept., College of Agriculture; Javaheri, S. D.; babaei, M.; jamshidi, M., Expert of Animal Affair, Animal husbandry Deputy; Akef, M.; Tajabadi, N.

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Iranian honeybee (Apis mellifera meda) in comparison of other honeybee races in the world has some advantages and also some disadvantages. During the "honeybee breeding project of Iran" in the central region of Iran was tried to improve the honey production, swarming and defense behavior to remove th e Iranian honeybee weak pointes. In this research after evaluation and selecting the best colonies during the 1999-2005 bred queens of sixth and seventh generation were compared, with control queens in different apiaries of Tehran, Isfahan, Markazi and Qazvin provinces. Comparison of 6th and 7th generation, of Iranian honeybee bred queens with control queens in Tehran, Qazvin, Markazi and Isfahan provinces were showed desire improvement in swarming calmness and defense behavior of bred queens. Swarming behavior evaluation of two groups in 2005 and 2006 were showed superiority of bred queens significantly (P0.01). Calmness and defense behavior comparison of two groups were showed the bred queens were better than control queens in 2005 and 2006 (P0.01). High heritability caused desire improvement of these traits in honeybee breeding plans and also in the present research in fifth and sixth generation of bred queens. Honey production comparison of two groups were showed the preference of bred queens in 2005 (P0.05) but no significant differences in 2006 and total of years (P0.05). Lower heritability of honey production and it's dependence on environmental and climatic factors caused undesirable improvement of honey production in the breeding plans and the results of present plan to confirm the last results and needs to long time for desire progress. For sustainable and health production should try to improve the honey production and also other traits such as important pest and diseases resistance in honeybee breeding project continuing.

Survey and identification of main viral diseases of ornamental plants in Tehran and Markazi provinces

2006

Ghotbi, Tabassom; Vahdat,

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During a survey to determine the incidence and infection of main viral diseases of ornamental crops, samples were collected from ornamental greenhouses in Pakdasht areas of Varamin region in Tehran and Mahallat areas in Markazi provinces respectively. Ornamental plants showing symptoms of necrotic leaf spots, chlorosis, stunting, dwarfing, malformation of different vegetative parts, flower break and vein clearing similar to virus like symptoms were observed in surveyed glasshouses. Samples were collected and tested using ELISA, tissue and dot ELISA on nitrocellulose membrane to the main viral disease of ornamental plants including: Tomato spoted wilt virus (TSWV), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Tobacco ring spot virus (TRSV), Tomato ring spot virus (ToRSV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and tobacco streak virus (TSV). Samples which were have positively reaction in serological tests were mechanically inoculated on indicator host plants and the viral agents were biologically purified through local lesion hosts methods. Viral infection sources propagated in suitable hosts and kept in greenhouse conditions for further studies. Host range for each of the viruses was studied in glasshouse conditions and after the biological and serological identification of each viral agent the ornamental species were introduced as a host for the virus under study. Of the 420 ornamental plant samples tested, 247 were tested positive to virus infection. Most abundant viral diseases recorded were TSWV (81 samples, 32.79%), ToRSV (41 samples, 16.59%), ArMV (38 samples, 15.38%), INSV (32 samples, 12.95%), TRSV (27 samples, 10.93%), CMV (24 samples, 9.71%), TSV (24 samples, 9.71%) and ToMV (4 samples, 1.61%) respectively.173 samples did not show any reaction to the above viruses. INSV and TSWV 35 tospoviruse, ToRSV, ArMV and TRSV nepoviruses were the most prevalent viruses on ornamental crops reported from Iran which are also reported by many other workers from other parts of the world. Our results indicated that these viruses are prevalent and distributed incidence and abundance on ornamental crops in Tehran and Markazi provinces. Presence of ArMV from ornamental crops and its ornamental host range from Varamin and Mahallat regions is reported for the first time from Iran. Presently ArMV is in quarantine alert list for Iran and there were not any previous reports of the incidence of ArMV on ornamentals. On the basis of serological and biological tests, TSV, CMV and ToMV with incidence of (9.71%), (9071%) and (1.61%) respectively were also detected in ornamentals. The presence of the above virus diseases on ornamental plants will serve these plants as a good reservious hosts for the viruses infecting and transmitting to other cultivated and horticultural crop plants

The effect of different sources of nitrogen on bean root rot disease

2010

Lak, Mohammad reza; Khodshenas, Mohammad Ali; Afshari, Mitra; Ghadbekloo, Javad; Morad Abadi, Gholam Reza

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Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has important role in diet because of high protein and carbohydrate and cultivate in many regions of Markazi province. Fusarium root rot disease is one of the most important soil born diseases of bean caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli. Control of this disease is difficult. The management of nitrogen fertilizer application is effective on fusarium root rot severity. Low information about this subject was reason for studying the effect of different sources of nitrogen on fusarium root rot of Chitti bean line G14988. The treatments were three rhizobium strains(116, 134 and 156), urea, sulfur coated urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate,biosobtile, and control. The experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications in a field with history of damage from fusarium root rot of bean in Khomein Bean Research Station.The combined analysis of variation showed that the effect of treatments on disease severity at flowering stage, nitrogen uptake of seed, and number of seed per pod (at P0.05) and dry matter at harvest stage,100seed weight and pod per plant (at P0.01) were related to years effect.The means comparison of treatments showed that control was maximum disease severity while 156 rhizobium strain was minimum at both stages of sampling. Fertilizer treatments had no significant difference on disease severity.116 rhizobium strain and control treatments showed maximum and minimum of dry matter at harvest stage were , respectively, but treatments had not significant difference on this parameter. Ammonium nitrate induced greater effect compared with other fertilizers on dry matter parameter at flowering and harvesting stages. Maximum and minimum of seed yield resulted from ammonium nitrate (3013 kg/ha) and control (2490 kg/ha), respectively. Ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate produced seed yield higher than rhizobium strains, although had not significant difference. Maximum of nitrogen uptake obtained from 156 rhizobium strain

Investigation on comparative advantage of bean production in Markazi province

2011

Ainollahi, M., Member of Scientific Staff, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Zanjan Province, Zanjan; Kalaei, A., Member of Scientific Staff, Agricultural Planning Economic and Rural Development Research Institute, Tehran

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This research was carried out in Markazi province in order to study the comparative advantage of bean production. Required data were obtained in a survey research by interviewing with 167 bean producers in different regions of the province and filling in the pre-structured questionnaires during 2002-2003 crop year. Gathered data were analyzed using the EXCEL and SPSSWIN softwares. Comparative advantage was calculated using Domestic Resource Cost (DRC), Social Cost Benefit (SCB) and Net Social Profitability (NSP) indicators using two absolute and relative Power Purchasing Parity (PPP) scenarios. In both scenarios, values of the DRC and SCB were calculated less than one and NSP was calculated greater than zero. Results indicated that Markazi province has comparative advantage for bean production.

Determination of physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics and types of Markazi province sand dunes

2009

Farmahini Farahani, Ali

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The information and sedimentation of sand dunes is one of the characteristics of arid and semi-arid areas. These sediments cover %6 of terrestrial areas and %20 of all arid areas of the world. Recognition of the boundaries and characteristics of these areas is fundamental for researches which are based on their origin of formation and fixation. In this research, first of all, the boundaries of sand dunes of Markazi province and their types were determined. Topographic types was discriminate in 9 forms including Barchan, Parabolic duns, Nebka, Seif, Silk,_ on the basis of national proposal. Then several sand samples were taken from these areas and their physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics such as granular, PH, EC, texture, lime and gatch percent, form and structure of grains studied. On the basis of this investigation, the total area of sand dunes in Markazi province is 780ha which is distributed in Meyghan playa of Arak with 441 ha and around the Mamuniyeh township with 339 ha. Sand dunes of Meyghan playa of Arak are in the form of Nebka and Seif, and EC of 5.6 to 42.5 ds/m , PH equal 8 to 8.7 with irregular, circle and polished granular structure without specific lightly in 0.25 to 0.5 diameter is characteristics. Sand dunes of Mamuniyeh township are in the form of Nebka, and EC equal to 5.3, PH equal to 7.9, with irregular, circle, turbid and polished granular in 0.25 to 0.5 diameter is characteristics.

Study of effect of planting patterns on bean yield and their economic comparison in Markazi and Zanjan provinces.

2007

Kalaei, Ali; Ghadiri, Adel; Einolahi, Moharam; Kamel, Masoud; Sarlak, Abolghasem; Iranshahi, Mohammad; Moosavi, Hamid

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In order to study on effect of planting patterns on bean yield and their economic comparison in Markazi and Zanjan provinces, an experiment was conducted in two years. The experimental design was split plot arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete block with three replications. Two chiti bean cultivars (Khomein local and COS16 line) were arranged in the main plots and four level of planting method (manual planting, furrow planting, cultivator planting and mechanical planting) were considered in the sub plots. The results indicated that the effect of various planting methods on number of seeds per pod, number of seed in plant and seed yield were significant in 1% level of probability and in number of pod in plant was significant in 5% level of probability; but these effects weren't significant on 100 seed weight. Seed yield in mechanical planting, furrow planting and manual planting without significant difference among them, were more than cultivator planting. There was significant difference between bean cultivars in 5% level of probability in yield, too. COS16 line with 2815/5 kg/ha; had more yield than Khomein local (about 163 kg/ha). Results in Zanjan showed that planting pattern of bazrkar for COS16 variety was economic choice. Also planting pattern of furrow for Khomein variety was economic. In two years of experiment in Khomein planting pattern of bazrkar for COS16 variety was economic choice. Also in this location, planting pattern of cultivator for Khomein variety was economic. Key words : Common bean, Planting method, Yield and yield components, Economic comparison , Benefit Cost ratio, regression

Revision on research Orietations of Markazi research center.

2004

Borji, Mohsen; Samadi, Mohsen

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A Study was done in ordere to reviewing research interests in different departments of the Markazi Research Center. For this porpose, firstly, previoous reaserch activities and - related-topics, in. each. f Animal Resources and Watershed science, Vetererinary, Natural Managmnef departments- ---@ were gathered and classified by using reserachers engagaged in each sections. Finally based on some indicators such as climate, human resources, facilities and universities in province some area were considered as center tendency.

Investigation and selection on Kamareh-E-Khomein white onion population.‎

2004

Abbasifar, Ahmad Reza; Shikhi, Mosleme

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Fresh Onion (Allium Cepa L. ), Classified to the Alliaceae, is one of the most important vegetable in the world and is cultivated in many parts of Iran including MarKazi Province , Khomein the aim of this study was collection and Purity Fresh onion of Local Population of Khomein and to study the characteristics of it. The seeds of 20 fresh Onion local population collected from various regions of Khomein in 1995. The seeds was planted in the next year separated, and Morphological characters of them was studied The best morphotype selected among the various morphotypes after harvesting. In addition of free pollination amoag selected populations in the next year, obligate self pollination via enveloping the Flowers was garied out. During 1997-2001, Non- types of selected Fresh Onion were omitted, the populations tolerated to thrips, early, adaptated to climate suitable storage. Mono ... And morphologicaly ..... Selected, and finaly the local popuiation ofkhomein as the best morphotype was obtained.

Evaluation of elite wheat lines in on-farm condition in Markazi province.‎

2006

Babaei, Tagi; Zamani, Salim; Pormatin, Rashin; Mashayek, Abdol Reza; Beheshtinejad, Hamid Reza; Mirzaei, Farzad; Mohtat, Abas; Golami, Heshmatola

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In order to achive the new variety of winter or facultative bread wheat (triticum aestivum) with high yield potential and stability, five varieties and lines were studied in fanners field in rural regional around of Arak (Markazi province) during 2004-2005. Experiment was conducted RCBD with 3 replications, Varieties / lines were C-80-6 , C-81- 11, C-81-14, C-78-14 and Shahiyar. Analysis of variance showed significant different among Varieties (a = 5%). Mean, comparison of yield among genotypes using Duncan test revealed that genotype C-80-6 had the highest yield with yield of 6816 kg/ha and it was in A class. The C-80-6, C-78-14 didn't have significant different. Both of genotypes had the highest thousand kernel weight (TKW) and were earlier in maturity than another. Key words: Wheat, Yield , Variety comparison. On- farm

Application Of Plants As The Index For Categorizing Of Climatic Classes

2007

By: Farmahini Farahani, A.,; Mahdavi, M.,

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Some of the plants in the nature always distribute in the specific region and could rarely be observed in other climates. These plants can be used as the index for recognizing and categorizing of climates. In this research at first the climate of Markazi province were classified by using the methods of Koppen, Stenze, Emberge, Thornth waite (1948 and 1933), adjusted Demarton and Gorszinsky. For this purpose the 20 years climate data were collected and dependency relationships of climate factors with elevation were determined. In order to relocating obtained relationship in climate equations as well as establishing the classified system. In next step, were recognize the key plant species in the area. With study of 550 key plant species, 54 plant sp. were recognized as a climatic discriminates. After that the comparison of plant discriminate of climate and climatic classes of classification systems for each plant carried out. For this purpose, the methods of census correct observation and scoring them according to their importance were applied. The results showed that the obtained climatic classes of adjusted Demarton, Thornth weite, Emberge were respectively more precise than other systems in the study area. Finally the results were examined using the none-parametric test of Man-Vitni. On the basis of this analysis, significant differences also were observed between the treatments.

Final adaptability experiment of poplar clones for introducing the most suitable clones.

2007

Modir Rahmati, Ali Reza; Gudarzi, Gholam Reza; Ziya, Azdo; Rafi`i, Zahra; Qasemi, Raf`at Ol-Lah

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World increasing demand for wood production, facing the manegers and related experts to challenges with the subject. Short term exploitation and variety in production is an approach to decrease these challenges. Considering the special characteristics of poplar the plantation of it could be proper resoulation to solve such this problems. This research was carried out with the aimes of increasing wood production in unit area with collection of better and more adaptable poplar clones to climatic and edaphic condition in Markazi province. In this research 35 poplar clones(21clones in closed and 14 clones in open crown) were compared using the complete experimental block design in 3 replication. During the nursering operations, several factors includings: Tree diameter in breast hight, hight, pest and diseases, crown diameter, trunk quality, branching types, weeds, current and average and total growh were considered and recorded. SAS software also were used to data analysis and interpretation. On the basis of this investigation we concludet the followinggreater diameter and hight and volume growth were found in closed crown of Populus nigra 56.72 colones with in order 20.67(cm), 17.57(m) and 36.54(m3/ha/years). While the greater such an above parameters in open crown colones were found in Populus.euamericana cv.vernirubensis wit in order 20(cm), 13.87(m) and 19.45(m3/ha/years). The other factors in these clones also were in good condition. 77 species of weeds were identified and listed. Suitable clones included: 1-P.n.56.72, 2- P.n.72.19, 3-P.n.72.5 4-P.n.betulifolia, 5-P.e.vernirubensis and 6-P.e.455 also were recognized and introduced to related executive section in order to development and extending the poplar planting area of Markazi province.

Study of Camphorosma monspeliacum Autecology in salin and alkaline areas

2002

Farmahini Farahani, Ali; Gholami, Karim; Shahmoradi, A.; Mirdavoodi, Hamid Reza; Zahedipoor, Hojatalah

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Every executive desertification programs should be on the basis of research work with taking into consideration the recognition of endemic and important species from the view point of soil conservation, forage production, adaptability and other usages. In this respect the Camphorosma monspeliacum is one of the species that is adaptable to alkaline and salty areas. Therefore individual characteristics and its relationship to living and nonliving environment need some research works. In this research first of all the geographic distribution of the species were recognized. Then climatic condition, soil type, vegetation type of the habitats and some individual characteristics of the species includingphenology, preferable value and seed characteristics were studied. The results show that the total areas covered by the species are 38713/1ha that mostly distributed in western part of the Markazi and eastern part of Hamadan province. The species were also observed in a small part (0/5ha) of the Mayghan playa, which is located 25km far from north-eastern part of Arak. The mean annual rainfall equal to 296mm, temperature equal to 11/8°c, evapotranspiration equal to 1566mm, semi-arid climate, Ph equal to 9/2, Ec equal to 23mmos/cm2 with heavy texture soil are the most suitable condition for growing the species. The results also show that 74 percent of the areas covered by the Camphorosma monspeliacum with 400kg/ha production. The flowering season of the species is in July and the time of seed production is in mid autumn. Germination ability of seeds is about 86 percent with 1gr in 1000 seeds was weight. The suitable planting depth is 0/5cm with 2kg seed in hectare. The regeneration of Camphorosma monspeliacum via seed is very good. The stem of this plant is growing very well in horizontal and vertical direction that increases the canopy cover more than 1m2. The palatability of the species is in second level and very well grazed in autumn after the first rainfall that mostly grazed by sheep and goats. The Camphorosma monspeliacum have several usages such as cure of urine and respiratory organs of body. In completelyit resisting to slain and alkaline soils and have forage and medical usages and very important rule in soil conservation.

A faunistic survay of ornamental thysan optera in green houses in tehran,markazi and mazandaram proviness.

2004

Gilasian, Ebrahim

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During the faunistic study of green house Thysanoptera in Tehran, Markazi and Mazandaran provinces from 1381 to 1382 ,16 species from Thripidae,Aeolothripidae and Phlaeothripidae were collected and most of the species belonged to Terebrantia .genus Thrips with five species had the most diversity and Thrips tabaci were collected in all greenhouses in this project. The collected species according to their subfamilies and families are listed as follows: A: suborder: Tubulifera Family: Phlaeothripidae 1-Hoplandrothrips bidens Bagnall,1910 2- Haplothrips reuteri (Karney,1977) B: suborder: Terebrantia Family: Aeolothripdae 1-Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall,1910 2- Aeolothrips fasciatus Bagnall, 1936 Family Thripidae 1- Scolothrips longicornis Priesner,1926 2-Microcephalothrips abdominalis Crawford,1910 3- Thrips physapus Linnaeus,1758 4- Thrips atratus Haliday,1836 5- Thrips meridionalis Priesner,1926 6 – Thrips majorUzel,1895 7-Thrips tabaci Lindeman,1888 8- Frankliniella schultzei Trybom,1910 9- F. intonsa Trybom ,1895 10-F.tenuicornis Uzel,1895 11- Tenothrips discolor Karny,1907 12- Tenothrips frici Uzel,1895

Identification of poplar bacterial and fungal pathogens in Guilan province.

2006

Sadeqi, Ebrahim; Ali Zadeh Ali Abadi, Ali; Jami, Fahimeh; Arefi Pour, Mohammad Reza; Khoda Parast, Akbar

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In this research bacterial and fungal pathogens of poplar were studied. For this aim, different poplar clones were visited in Guilan (research center of agriculture and natural resours of Guilan, safrabaste research satation, Astane, ziabaran and lakan road). The fungi Marsonina catagnei (Desm & Mont.) Magn. ، Cytospora chrysosperma (Pers.: Fr.) Fr., Ulocladium atrum Precuss., Papularia sp., Pestalotiopsis populi-nigra, Alternaria alternate, Melampsora larici-populina were isolated. Pathogenecity test of fungi isolates (Ulocladium atrum Precuss., Papularia sp., Pestalotiopsis populi-nigra, Alternaria alternate ) were executed on leaves of poplar that the result was positive. The fungi Pestalotiopsis populi-nigra and Ulocladium atrum were isolated for the first time on poplar trees in Iran. Any symptom of canker did not observe on poplars of Guilan. The samples were collected from cankers on 1-2 years old branches and trunks in Zanjan, Markazi, West Azarbayjan, Kermanshah and Hamadan provinces and their extract was cultured on YDC medium. Bacterial colonies isolated of samples taken from Markazi and Zanjan provinces were yellow on YDC and mucoid on SNA medium. All isolates of these two provinces, showed hypersensitive reaction on pepper and tobacco leaves. They were aerobic and gram negative. Biochemical tests showed that the isolates were positive with respect to catalase, DNase function, gelatin and Tween-80 hydrolysis and negative to H2S production, Argenin dehydrolysis, urease and tolerance of NaCl 7%. They showed different reactions in reduction nitrate and hydrolyze starch. All isolates utilized sucrose, inositol, trehalose, rafinose and galactose but reaction of isolates in utilization of L-arabinose, lactose, D-surbitol, L-ramnose and citrate were different. According to these characteristics, the isolates were diagnosed as X. popluli. Pathogenecity test of bacterial isolates were executed on shoots of poplar that the result was positive. All cankers on trunks of poplar trees of Markazi province were counted and their infection percentage was calculated. Highest infection was observed in clones, Populus nigra 72/14, P.n 56/52, P.n 56/21, P.n 72/13, P.n 56/63 and lowest infection was on P.alba 44/9, P.a 49/39, P.a 17/6 and P.betul. X. popluli has not been isolated so far on P.a 72/7. This bacterium has not been isolated also from different poplar clones in West Azarbayjan, Kermanshah and Hamadan provinces.

Evaluation of resistance of some rose clones against powdery mildew,Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae

2007

Bayat, Hossein; Edrisi , Behzad; Sadeghi, Sadegh; Talebi, Hamid; Azimi, Mohammad hossein

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Rose is one of the most important ornamental plants in Markazi province that its area culture is more than 66 ha and Mahallat is most important center of rose production in this province. Powdery mildew is the most common diseases of rose that in the case of severe damage reduce quality and salability of plants. In an Investigation for resistance evaluation of different clones of rose against powdery mildew causal fungus, Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, in Mahallat region at 2002-2005, in first year, 30 clones were selected visually to find resistance against powdery mildew from commercial greenhouses and rose collection of the national ornamental plants research station of Mahallat. After screening, at 2003, 24 clones were selected for experiment. Experiment was carried out at two successive years in glasshouse with rooted cutting of rose clones in plastic pots in randomized complete block design with three replications. Top leaflets of fourth leave of Ilona cultivar as a susceptible rose inoculated artificially for its culture was used from against powdery mildew. Conidial suspension was provided in 1.5× 10 5 conidium/ ml concentration with Tween-20 (0.1%). Suitable environmental condition was provided for occurrence of diseases in glasshouse. Disease assessment was made two week after inoculation using rating scale 0-5(0= not infection and 5= 76-100% infection). In first year result showed that four clones, C-20, C-22, C-1 and C-6 were resistant and clone C-20 was the most resistant clones. The clones C-7, C-8, C-4, C-24, C-10, C-15, and C-2 were susceptible and other clones were moderate susceptible. Second year results have not significant different with first year results. Comparison of clones in two successive years showed that three clones C-20, C-22 and C-1 were most resistant clones against disease and clones: C-7, C-8, C-4, C-24, C-10 and C-2 were not resistance against disease. Regards to both years results C-20 was introduced as most resistant clone. Resistant clones can be used in breeding programs with others clones or cultivars of rose.

Study on the effects of several varieties and planting dates on population cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. on canola

2007

Keyhaniyan, A`li Akbar; Khajeh Zadeh, Yad Ol-Lah; Khanizad, A`bbas; Jusiyan, A`bbas; Shadkam, Qasem; Rashidi, A`li Mohammad

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The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. and mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt) are one of the most important pests of canola that has serious damage to it. One of the methods of integrated pest management is finding the resistant varieties and use suitable, dates of sowing. The experiment was laid out to evaluated resistance of four varieties of Braassica napus L and three dates of sowing (D1, D2 and D3) to aphid in split plot design at, Markazi, Khozestan, Kordestan and Eillam provinces, during 2004-2006. All experiment were conducted in farmers&rsquofield and infested by cabbage aphid in normally. In Markazi province results of field condition study revealed that the average aphid population per plant was maximum in (D3) followed by (D2) and minimum in (D1), irrespective of varieties during both years. Rapeseed variety SLM046 harbored the maximum number of aphids followed by PF, Licord and RGS003. In Khuzestan province the highest of infection and the lowest yield was observed in Hayol 401 in the third planting date (1 Dec.). In Kordestan province SLMO Varity in first date of sowing has highest yield and finally in Eillam province Zarfam Varity in first date of sowing has highest yield.

Collection and identification seeds of medicine plants in order to gene bank.

2006

Ja`fari , A`li Ashraf; Ranjbar Masuri, Musa; Gudarzi, Gholam Reza; Mottaqi, A`bbas; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah; Azdu, Ziya

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Considering the importance and value of medicinal plants, the research project of collection, identification and evaluation of medicinal plants of Markazi province was carried out during 5 years. In this research, first of all, the list of medicinal plant species was prepared using the Flores of province and other related executed research projects. Then the province were divided in to some different geographical areas according to ecological condition and seeds were collected in this area based on some ecological factors such as height, aspect, slop, latitude and longitude. After collecting, identification seed clear and packaging of samples, they were send to gene bank of research institute of forest and rangelands of Iran In order to determine purity, humidity percentage, 1000 seed weight and vitality. The seeds were collected based on family, genus and species. On the basis of this investigation we collected 484 seed samples that mostly were belongs to Asteraceae and genus of Cichorium and Echinops in order with 47, 44 samples. The family of Lamiaceae and the genus of Marrubium with 42 and Malvaceae family and the genus of Althaea with 26, the family of Papilionaceae and the genus of Glycyrrhiza, with 15 samples were in later order. The collected plants mostley were wild, non agronomic and rarely annaal agronomic species which are distributed around hillside, vallies, plain and mountains. According to this investigation, the 16 species were Thriophyte, 28 species were Chamephyte, 32 species were Hemykryptophte, 5 species were phanerophyte, 2 species were Geophyte from which 25 species were agronomic and 58 species were non agronomic. From the collected species, 61 were the species from the plains, 14 species from the mountains, 8 species from the hillside.

Frequency Study Of Rotavirus, Coronavirlus , E. Coli K99 and Cryptospridium in calves diarrhea in dairy farms of Arak city

2000

Gaemaghami , Shamsedin

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Diarrhea is a major cause of mortality in young calves under once month. Bovine neonatal gastroenteritisis a multifactorial disease. it can be caused by viruses: rotavirus or coronavirus by bacteria: salmonella or E-colik99, or by protozoan microorganisms such as cryptosporidium parvum. The diagnosisof the etiological agent of diarrhea can only be preformed in the laboratory because clinical sign donot allow to differentiate between the different mlcroorganisms.In order to survey of frequency of infectious (rotavirus, coronavirus, E.coli k99 and parasitic (cryptosporidium) agents in calves diarrhea, 82 feces samples were collected of 12 industrial dairy herds in Arak. We used ELISA method for detection of above antigen in samples. The test uses 96-well microtitration plates by specific antibodies for each agent. These antibodies allow a specific capture of the corresponding pathogens which are present in the feces samples.Feces were diluted in dilution buffer and incubated on the micro plate for 60 minutes at room temprature. after thisfirst incubation step, the plate was washed and incubated for 60 minutes with the conjugate. after thissecond incubation the plate was washed again and the enzyme substrate and the chromogen were added. enzymatic reaction was stopped by acidification and results were recorded by Elisa reader at 450 nm. the signals recorded for the negative control micro wells were substracted from the corresponding positive micro wells. the positive antigen supplied with the kit gave the refrence value. multiplying thisvalue by a specific conefficient it J:Vas possible to determine a limit of positivity for the kit. ­From 82 samples, 69 cases were positive and 13 cases were negative with elisa method. results are present in tables 1,2 and 3,4. Contamination with cryptosporidium was detected in 41 Cases (50%), rotavirus in 28 Cases (34%), cronavirus in 28 cases (34%) and E.colik99 in 24 cases (30%). so cryptosporidium is the most frequent agent was detected in this study.

Rangeland Assessment Program in different Climatic in Markazi Province.

2007

Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza; Zahedi Pur, Hojjat Ol-Lah; Torkan, Javad; Nasr Ol-Lahi, Abu Al-Fazl

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Due to prepare update and regular data bank from rangelands in different climatic area in order to inform the peoples and governmental organization, the trend of changes, regular and continues inventory of rangeland area. For this reason, with the use of available data, the dominant vegetation types in step vegetation of Markazi province were determined. So first of all in each vegetation types 1 sampling site were selected. The data related to plant vegetation (such as crown cover, density, plant composition, forage production and vigor) and condition of soil surface were recorded, along 4 transect of 400m in 60 2m2 plots during 10 years in range readiness time. The location of plants in each transect were fixed and its geographic coordinates were recorded with GPS. Data analysis show that in majority of rangeland area, the vegetation cover and production and the palatable forage plants is Low in number and percentage and the components of vegetation and product forage dominated with the intermediate to unpalatable species (2 an 3 palatability classes) . The results show that there is positive regression between the amount of vegetation cover and rainfall with significant differences at 0,05 level. Also there is significant differences between production and the amount of speicies cover. The most important factors on vegetation changes of study area is the change of area rainfall. Rangeland and of study area, is fair and it is necessary to have a proper management for reclamation of such an area. The results of remot sensing show that it is possible to inventory of rangeland in limited level and estimation of dominant cover of soil surface is also possible but the crown cover of plant with low percentage could not be estimated properly in this area.

Investigation and Determination of Depth- Area – Duration Ruinfall in Markazi province watershed

2004

Agharazi, Heshmatolloh

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Drowing Depth- Area- Duration (DAD) curve in any region Can be useful for estimation of percipitation. Preparetion of DAD is important in designing water plans resources projects . This research has been performed for Markazi province and its near regions. Total area of the province is 2940000 hectare. The area contains 59 rain guage and one synoptic statio. Rain fall of these stations were collected from 1344 to 1376 persian calendor. Length of statistic period were identified and precipitation have been noted with 30 years time base. 60 number of 24 hours precipitation have been noted. and were compared compared with collected data from 59 other stations in order to obtain exhustive rain storm. At least 10 number of 24 hour exhustive were chosen and cumulative precipitation graph was draw which the graphs of 12, 6, 3 hours were extracted. As a result 40 rainfall for 4 time base of 24, 12, 6, 3 hours were obtained. Gradiant equation of each precipiration was prepared using the relation of elevation and precipitation. Topographic map of province were digitized using Ilwis 2.2 GIS program package. Gradiant equation of each precipitation were entered to GIS in order to obtain isoohytal. Some parameters including increased area, net precipitation, cumulative precipitation and the average of maximum precipitation for each precipitation have been identified. Then the first curve of DAD for any precipitation have been drawn and for each base time, The average value of precipitation for to percipitation have been calculated and drawn. These curves show that in area of one square kilometer in each time of 24, 12 , 6 , 3 hours the values of 40 , 31, 28.5 , 28 mm precipitation were exist. The results sbout that small areas, there is no significant differences beween base time of 3, 6 , 12 hours. Whearas in large areas this event is being seen for example in area of 29 square kilomelers and in base time of 3 , 6 , 12 , 24 houre the values of 7.8 , 12.2 , 12.3 , 21 mm precipitation were exist that there is no significat differences between 6 and 12 hours.

Screening for resistance to common bacterial blight in bean

2003

Lak, Mohhamad Reza; Dorei, Hamid Reza

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Common bacterial blight (CBB) incited by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phasooli (Xap) is one of the major disease of dry bean that reduces crop yield and seed quality. Resistant cultivars is considered the most effective countermeasure against the disease. The objective of this experiment was to screening bean genotypes to find resistant or tolerant genotypes to CBB. 159 bean genotypes in the first year and 169 bean genotypes in the second year was screened. Each genotypes were planted by hand in one row plots 2 m long and 50 cm apart, in row seed spacing was 5 cm. Beans were inoculated by spraying to runoff with a suspension of Xap-14 (107 cells per milliliter) befor flowering stage. Disease development, days to blossom, days to maturity, 100-seed wight, seed colore and yield were evaluated. All genotypes in the first year were susceptible so in the second year 196 new bean genotypes evaluated. In the second year disease development was negatively correlated with days to blossom and days to maturitry and possetive correlated with other characters. The best genotypes in this research were KS-31118 , KS-21223 and KS-21234.

Biological and serological comparison of tospoviruses isolated from ornamental of Tehran and Markazi provinces

2003

Ghotbi, Tabassom; Shahraeen, Nooh, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Division

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To study serological and biological differences of tospoviruses that infect ornamentals of Tehran and Markazi provinces, ornamental plants which seems to be infected by viruses were tested using polyclonal antibody in DAS-ELISA against tomato Varamin virus (ToVV) (AS-0526), iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) (AS-0528, AP-028) and by monoclonal antibody (Mab) in TAS-ELISA against tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (AS-0106/0116, AS-o105), impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) (AS-0117, AS-011115) which were gifted by DSMZ-Braunschweig- Germany. Tospovirus infected positive samples were then triturated in chilled 01M potassium phosphate buffer pH=7 containing 0.15%, 2-mercaptoethanol. Sap inoculated on indicator hosts: Nicotiana bentaminana, N.rustica, N.tabacum cv. Samsum, vigna uniguiculata, Datura metel, D.srtamonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Petunia hybrida and Chenopodium amaranticolor. The local symptoms were observed noted after 5 days and the systemic symptoms appeared approximately after 20 days: TSWV infected plants produced necrotic local lesion and necrotic ring spot followed by, mosaic and leaf deformation symptoms on N.bemthamiana, sever necrotic local lesion, chlorotic and mosaic on N.tabacum cv. Samsun, sever necrotic and necrotic ring spot, leaf deformation and mild local lesion necrotic on Vigna unguicolata, sever necrotic local lesion and necrotic ring spot, leaf deformation on Datura metel, sever necrotic local lesion, necrotic ring spot, leaf deformation, mosaic and death of total plant on D.stramonium, necrotic local symptoms on Petunia hybrida, necrotic local and mosaic on Lycopersicon sculentum cv. Avand, necrotic local on Chenopodium amaranticolor. ToVV produced systemic leaf deformation on N.benthamiana, necrotic local, systemic leaf deformation N.rustica systemic, leaf deformation on N.tabacum cv. Samsun, mild necrotic local on V.unguiculata, local clorotic lesion and ring spot local, systemic leaf deformation on D.metel systemic, leaf deformation on D.stramonium, local necrotic lesion on Petunia hybrida, necrotic local, mosaic on L.esculentum, necrotic local lesion on Ch.amaranticolor. IYSV produced leaf deformation on N.benthamiana, mild local necrotic lesion, necrotic systemic ring spot on V.unguiculata, necrotic local on P.hybrida INSV produced, necrotic local lesion, systemic leaf deformation, chlorosis and death of plant on N.benthamiana, Chlorotic and ring spot, leaf deformation and mosaic on D.metel, local chlorotic and ring spot, systemic chlorosis and mosaic on D.stramonium, necrotic local and systemic necrotic ring spot symptoms on Ch.amaranticolor. In addition to serological differences in tospoviruses isolated from ornamentals, there are also biological and host range symptoms differences noted which can be use preliminary to study these tospoviruses in greenhouse condition.

Host range Studies of tospoviruses isolated from ornamentals in Markazi (Mahallat) province

2003

Ghotbi, Tabassom; Shahraeen, Nooh, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Division; Bayat, Hossein

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During the year 2000-2002 Survey different samples of ornamental plants and flowering weeds were collected mostly from main ornamental growing region of Iran (Markazi province: Mahallat) and tested againt 5 tospoviruses species. Using specific antisera prepared against nucleoprotein of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), iris yellow spot virus (IYSV), and a newly proposed tospovirus species isolated from tomatoes which tentatively named tomato Vatamin Virus (ToVV) in serological test enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer containing %0.15, 2-mercaptoethanol for inoculating on indicator hosts such as: Cowpea (vigna uniguiculata), Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana rustica, N.tabacum cv. White Barly and Chenopodium amaranticolor. Cowpea and Chenopodium produced local necrotic symptoms after 5 days post inoculation and White Burly, rustica preceed by systemic mosaic and D.metel, D.stramonium by systemic necrotic after 20 days. Viruses detected and identified using indicator plants (Biologicaly) and applying serological test. Triple antibody sandwich ELISA (TAS-ELISA) test was applied for TSWV and INSV and DAS-ELISA for ToVV, IYSV, TCSV the species found infected with INSV were Althea Spp., Canna Hortensis, Cheiranthus Cheri, Chrysanthemum Morifulium, Chrysanthemum Prutescence, Cinerea Spp, Dianthus Spp, Ficus Benjaminae, Gazania Spp., Pelargonium Hortorum, Rosa Spp., Sainpaulia Ioantha, Salvia Spp., And Chenopodium Spp., Malva Neglecta, Lavandula Spp. As Weeds. Althea Spp., Calendula Spp., Canna Hortensis, Chrysanthemum Morifulium, Chrysanthemum Prutescence, Cinerea Spp., Cordial Crenata, Dianthus Spp., Gazania Spp., Jasminum Spp., Linda Spp., Loniceri Caprifolium, Monihot Sculenta, Oenother Bienis, Pelargonium Hortorum, Petunia Spp., Pelargonium Odoratissimum, Rosa Spp., Rudbekia Spp., Sainpaulia Ioantha, Salvia Spp., Tagetis Spp., Tropaeo Majus, Verbena Spp., And Chenopodium Spp., as weed were infected by TSWV. Anthissimum Spp., Calendula Spp., Chrysanthemum Morifulium, Cinerea Spp., Dianthus Spp., Ficus Benjamin, Gazania Spp., Gompherena Globosa, Jasminum Spp., Linda Spp., Loniceri Caprifolium, Magnolia Spp., Pelargonium Hortorum, Pelargonium Odoratissimum, Rosa Spp., Sainpaula Ioantha, Tagetis Spp., Tropaeo Majus, And Malva Neglecta, Lactuca Caulata, Amaranthus Spp., as weeds were infected by IYSV. None of the samples were infected by TCSV. Of these samples Canna Hortensis, Rosa Spp., Chrysanyhemum Prutescence and chenopodium were mixed (dually) infected by TSWV. INSV. Calandula Spp., Jasminum Spp., Linda Spp., Loniceri Caprifolium, Chrysanthemum Morifulium, Dianthus Spp., And Tropaeo Majus, were mixed infection by TSWV and ToVV. Chrysanthemum Morifulium, Cinerea Spp., Ficus Benjamin and Gazania Spp., were mix infected by ToVV and INSV. Gazania spp. and Dahlia spp., were mix infected by TSWV, INSV and ToVV.

Study on some feed legumes and barley mix-cropping in dryland conditions.

2009

A`li Zadeh Dizaj, Khoshnud; Lame`i, Javad; Dorry, Mohammad A`li; Bahrami, Sar Had; Sohrabi, Akbar; Bafandeh, Afshin; Tahmasebi, Gholam Reza; Sha`bani, A`li Akbar

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This investigation was conducted to study the performance of mix cropping of some feed legumes with barley as autumn seeding in dryland conditions of East- Azarbaijan, Zanjan, Golestan (two locations), Kurdestan, Markazi, Ilam and Kermanshah provinces. Seeds of poromised lines of Hungarian vetch, hairy vetch, grass pea and forage pea were mixed with barley (cv. Abidar) at 1:1 ratio. The research site was prepared by chisel in the last summer and seeding was in the mid- October after replacement of appropriate fertilizer from N and P sources in each area. All statistical analyses on plant height, wet and dry forage yield were conducted using SPSS software. Results in East-Azarbaijan showed that mixture of barley with Hungarian vetch was superior regarding both wet and dry forage yield. The barleyhairy vetch mixture in terms of wet forage and barley-Hungarian vetch in terms of dry forage were the best treatments in the first location of Golestan (Aliabad). However, in the second location (Anbaralum) mix-cropping of hairy vetch with barley produced the maximum wet (56 t/ha) and dry (15 t/ha) forage yield. Quality testing showed that barley-hairy vetch mixture had the most protein percent (15%) and the most energy (3500). It is concluded that autumn seeding of feed legumes with barley in 1:1 ratio produced considerable forage in terms of quantity as well as quality which could be suitable alternative for fallow after wheat/barley in cold and semi-cold drylands.

Identification and distribution of mite fauna and their natural enemies on apartment flowers and ornamental plants in Gilan and west Mazandaran provinces

2005

Mojib hagh ghadam, Zahra; Arbabi M.; Tirdad, Mohsen

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A faunistic study was conducted from 2002-2005 to collect and identify mites and natural enemies on ornamental plants and weed in Guilan and west Mazandaran provinces. In this study mites and predators were collected on plants which included that Acer negundo L., lmpatiens sp., Acalypha hispida L., Bougainvillea glabra L., Maranta leuconeura E.Merron, Codiaeum variegatum L., Dieffenbachia amoena Hort, Alocasia sp, Hypoestes phyllostachya Baker, Fittonia verschaffeltn Lem, Hibiscus rosa chinensis L., Amaranthus sp, Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel, Chamaedorea elegans Mart, Mammillaria sp., Hedera helix L., Oxalis triangularis A. St. Hill, Potentilla reptans L., Chelidonium majus L. and Alternantera sessilii L.. Then they were transfered to laboratory. The samples were identified with use of identification key. In total of ten mites species from five families Tetranychidae, Tenuipalpidae, Trombidiidae , Tydeidae and Phytoseiidae belonging to two different orders Prostigmata and Mesostigmata were identified That two mites species are first records for Iran which were marked by (*). One predator species Stethorus gilvifrons Mulsant, belonging to family Coccinellidae were collected and identified. 1- Tetranychus roseus Guteirrez* 2-Petrobia phacelia Tuttle ; Baker

Comparision of the effect of neem oil , sulfur and dinocap for simultaneous control rose powdery mildew and rose spider mites under green house conditions

2007

Hosseini-Nia, Asghar; Ettati, Maryam; Kazemi Siyahooei, Gholamreza; Talebi, Hamid

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Rose is one of the most important flowers in Landscapes and parks in Iran with 3961278 square meters under cultivation. one disease, powdery mildew, with caused agent Sphaerotheca pannosa ( wallr ) var. rosae and a pest, two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch or T. cinnabarinus ( Biosduval) were identified regular source of rose plant damages in glasshouses and landscapes. It is better to solve the problem use that compound not only control the disease and the pest but also reduce biological danger. An investigation carried out with different pesticides properties to control both kinds of injuries on rose. Factorial statistical method in randomizes block design with four replication were chosen. Selected treatments were as follows, Neem seed oil ( 8.3ml/it+0.5ml/it citowett L 100%), kumlus s uniflow-Thivit WP 80% ( 2ml/lit ), dinocap ( Karathane ) EC 25% (1.5ml/lit), and checked plot with water application. All treatment used for three times at interval of 10 days. Mean control1% recorded for mite mortality and powdery mildew infection found significant at level of 5% Two, two and three times applications of neem oil. kumlus S-Uniflow-Thiovit and Karathane could redused mite poulations and powder mildew infection at 89.85%, 83.63% and 78.80% and 81.25% , 66.66% and 60.40% according and respectively. Lack of observing side effects on rose plants in treated plots emphasized that, application of treatments at random will control successfully mite and powdery mildew on rose p;ants in glasshouses, landscapes and parks.

Investigation residual effwcts of elemental sulphur and ferrous sulphlate on nutrients availability in soil, increase yield and quality of chrysantemum and gladiolus

2007

Banijamali, Mohammad; Hassanzadeh, Sefollah; Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh; Ghadbeglo, Javad

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Calcarcus soils for some reasons as lime, alkaline PH and nutrients availability decrease in soil among them phosphorus iron, zinc, manganese and cupper could decrease the yield of crops. Inthis respect for ameliorating soil fertility condition the first research before present experiment ( No.1 ) was carried out in 1999. In order to investigate residual effects of treatments from experiment No.1 other research design ( No. 2 ) was conducted in 2000 through 2001 including. In 1999 the research design under the title of ' study the effect of elemental sulfur, ferrous sulphate and zinc sulphate on availability of nutrient absorption on gladiolud and carnation ' with seven treatments were included: elemental sulfur 200g/m iron sulphate (11) 1500g/m. iron sulphate 750 g/m plus elemental sulfur 100g/m. seq

Identification of resistant genotypes to Common bacterial blight disease in common beans

2009

Lak, Mohammad Reza; Dorei, Hamid Reza

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Common bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap), is one of the major diseases in common bean fields leading to significant losses in yield and seed quality.Chemical control is ineffective. Therefore, the application of resistant varieties becomes an interesting alternative. The object of this experiment was to find resistant bean genotypes to CBB. The experiment was conducted at Arak Station of Agricultural and Natural Resources Center of Markazi Province for 3 years.Bean genotypes were planted in the field at 2 locations in each years. In one location Xap suspension with 107 CFU/ml was sprayed onto plants before flowering stage. Diseases scale was rated from 1 (Immune) to 5(susceptible). At first year, the experiment was carried out in agment design in 12 blocks with 234 bean genotypes with 3 checks including Khomein Local Chitti bean, Daneshkadeh white bean and Goli fed bean. Evaluated traits in 3 bean checks had no significant difference that meaned the experiment accuracy was high. Bean genotypes with disease scale 3≤ was selected.In the second and third years a randomized complete block design with 3 replications was used at each locations. In second year, 24 bean genotypes were selected from 48 bean genotypes. In the third year, the best bean genotypes including 21400, 21320 and 21407 were selected as resistance sources against Xap.

Evaluation and comparison of promising bread wheat lines in dry land condition onfarm in field Markazi province.

2010

Babaei, Taqi; Zamani, Salim; Musavi Zadeh, Hossein; Pur Matin, Rashin; Qalandar, Mojtaba; Taheri, Abbas; Sheykhi, Moslem; Zad Hassan, Esmaeil

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High yield and stable grain yield of wheat cultivars in different environments is very important in breeding program. This study is conducted for controlling of new lines and variety with local check in farmer field in dry land condation at farahan- farmahin near to Arak (Markazi province) during 2008-2009. Expriment was conducted using a RCBD with 3 replications. In this study 6 promising and superior lines from cold zoon ERWYT C-84-1, C-84-18, C-84-19, C-85-9, C-85-11 and C-85-19 were compared with antother and sardary and Azar-2 such as check. Result of analysis of variance showed that genotypes ERWYT.C-85-11 and Azar-2 with average grain yield of 684 and 636 kg ha-1 respectively had highest yield.

Comparing the efficiency of distance and quadrate indices in determining Artemisia sieberi and Astragalus ammodendron distribution pattern in Markazi province  [2012]

   

Zare Chahouki, M.A., Associate Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Mohebbi, Z., MSc. Graduate, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Tavili, A., Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Jafari, M., Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Fahimipour, A., MSc Graduated from Natural Rosources Faculty of Tehran University

Abstract:
This research compares the indices efficiency of Artemisia sieberi and Astragalus ammodendron distribution pattern in Markazi province. In the key area of each site 4 transects (100m) were established based on random- systematic sampling method. Vegetation sampling was performed along each of transects in 15 selected points. Distance indices included Johnson and Zimer, Eberhart, Pielou, Hopkines and Holgate were used in each point. The distance of understudy plants to nearest plant, distance among selected plant and its nearest neighbor, and distance between the point and the second plant was measured. Quadrate indices included Green, Lioyd, Morisita and Standardized Index of Morisita. In all 15 points, density parameter of selected species was estimated. Results showed A. sieberi distribution pattern has equally and, A. ammodendron has random with a tendency toward clumped pattern. The More was in equality of the species, the more in converging of distance and quadrate indices. However the accuracy of distance methods was more than quadrate methods. Generally, those vegetation types that distributed clumped pattern showed less efficient quadrate indices due to the problems of number, area and shape of quadrates. So, quadrate indices show higher tendency to random pattern.

Morpho- climatic classification of gullies in Markazi Province  [2005]

   

Davudirad, Ali Akbar
Sufi, Majid
Najimi, Abolfazl
Ebrahimi, Naderqoli
Azimi, Rahmat

Abstract:
One of the main erosion features is the gully erosion that causes cosiderable soil losses from agricultural lands. Befor planing for any control practices, it is necessary to recognize their mechanism. This research carried out in order to recognizing gully erosion importance and zonation in Markazi province. In this research the spatial distribution gully regions of the province by using air photograph were recognized. Then by overlaying the climate map (based on developed de-martin method), the distribution of gully erosion in each climate region obtained. About 95 persent of gully region are in 4 climate regions and in each climatic region two key regions cousidered and the reperesentative gully and two replicats selected. Then the morphometric, soil and morphologic charactristics of each gully determined. The results show that the area of the gully erosions in the arid climate regions (i.e. the area of Robattork and Pikezarand is respectively 1060.2 and 1134.7 ha) of province is grether than the humid regions (i.e. the area of Zahiraba and Darband is respectively 451.96 and 141.03 ha) . Also the length and depth of the gully erosion in arid climate region is grether, ofcourse the the amount of the rainfall in the arid region is low and soil structure is weak, also the amount of EC, ESP, SAR and alkalinty are in high level. This condition, in addition to the human impact causes that soil to be much more susceptible to the erosion (etc.

A Karyotype study of native livestock breds in markazi province.

2001

Majidi, Ali Reza; Sari, Zorehe

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Indentification, preservation, and genetic improvement of native livestock resources are important goals in animal and paultry breeding:'In this regard; cytogenetic studies my provide same of the required genetic information. Given the importance of studying potentials of indigenous breeds) it is vital investigate and callect the basic genetic information about them. The aim of this experiment was karyotype determination and discription chromosomal characteristics of the Iranian breeds of cattle the so. called Galpoygani) sheep the so- called farahani, and poultry the 50- called native hens OROMIEH. Blood was collected from 50 sheep including 25 ews and 25 rams of Farahani sheep, 30 cattle including 15 male and 15 female of Golpaygani. on the basis of this investigation chromosame complements were determined from blood cultures. For karyotype identification, chromosomes were stained with G- banding method. Normal karyotype of farahani sheep was identified 54xx in female and 54xy in male, where 52 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosames. of the autOsomes, the first three pairs were large metacentrics (pairs 1 , 2 and 3) and 23 pairs were acrocentrics. The x chromosome was largest acrocentric and y chramosome being smallest one that was metacentric. Normal karyotype of Golpaygani cattle is 60xx in female, and 60xy in male. where 58 .autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, from 58 autosomes are a11 acrocentric. The x chromosome in this breed is relativelly large and sub - metucentric and the y chromosome is small and apparently acrocentric. Normal karyotype of native hens is 78 zw in female -;and 78 zz in male, where 76 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. The first two pairs were metacentric and anather all acrocentric. If appears the size divided to two classes chromosomes: 1- about 6 pairs macrochromosomes that are distinguisable 2- about 72 pairs microchromosome some that are undistingishable. The z chromosome is fifth macrochramosome and it is metacentric and the w chromosome is eight or probadbly ninth microchromason and meta centric . This project is a 1irst step work toward studying potentails of indigonous breeds, which was designed to perform cytogenetics.

A Karyotype study of native livestock breds in markazi province.  [2001]

   

Majidi, Ali Reza
Sari, Zorehe

Abstract:
Indentification, preservation, and genetic improvement of native livestock resources are important goals in animal and paultry breeding:'In this regard; cytogenetic studies my provide same of the required genetic information. Given the importance of studying potentials of indigenous breeds) it is vital investigate and callect the basic genetic information about them. The aim of this experiment was karyotype determination and discription chromosomal characteristics of the Iranian breeds of cattle the so. called Galpoygani) sheep the so- called farahani, and poultry the 50- called native hens OROMIEH. Blood was collected from 50 sheep including 25 ews and 25 rams of Farahani sheep, 30 cattle including 15 male and 15 female of Golpaygani. on the basis of this investigation chromosame complements were determined from blood cultures. For karyotype identification, chromosomes were stained with G- banding method. Normal karyotype of farahani sheep was identified 54xx in female and 54xy in male, where 52 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosames. of the autOsomes, the first three pairs were large metacentrics (pairs 1 , 2 and 3) and 23 pairs were acrocentrics. The x chromosome was largest acrocentric and y chramosome being smallest one that was metacentric. Normal karyotype of Golpaygani cattle is 60xx in female, and 60xy in male. where 58 .autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, from 58 autosomes are a11 acrocentric.

A Comparison of two methods of oestrous synchronization (CIDRand Sponge) and effect of PGF2 injection time on reproduction performance in breeding season of Farahani Sheep.  [2010]

   

Mirshamsollahi, Azadeh
Naderinia, Homayon
Sarhaddi, Fatolla
Borji, Mousen
Talebiyan Masoudi, Ali Reza
Zare Sahne, Ahmad

Abstract:
This experiment were carried out to compare different short-tern oestrous synchronization methods in farahani ewes and to determine of the best method, so were used 123 ewes from a sheep herd in Delijan city in Markazi province. After assure of health of the ewes,they were divided to five treatments randomizely, and the oestrous cycles of the ewes were synchronized using five methods with orderly times including :1) Use of CIDR for 7 days, insert in zero day and gave an intramuscular (i.m.) injection of PGF2 in same day, and i.m. injection of 500 IU PMSG at the time of CIDR remoal, 2) use of CIDR for 7 days, and in six day gave an i.m. injection of PGF2 , and i.m. injection of 500 IU PMSG at the time of CIDR removal, 3) Use of sponge for 7 days, insert in zero day and gave an i.m. injection of PGF2 , and i.m. injection of 500 IU PMSG at the time of sponge removal, 4) use of sponge for 7 days, and in six day gave an i.m. injection of PGF2 , and i.m. injection of 500 IU PMSG at the time of sponge removal, 5) control, without progesterone treatment (CIDR of sponge) and injection of PMSG and PGF2 . Result information at time start of experiment, pregnancy and parturition were recorded in tables. Then were analyzed using GLM and randomized complete design for weight of lamb birth and with chi-squre for other characteristics with SAS statiscal package. Results were shown that parturition percentage during expected date were 86.95, 86.95, 85.15 , 92 and 48 respectively.

The Study on participative action utilizers in conservation and reclamation of Rang lands in the Markazi province (IRAN).  [2008]

   

Moghadasi, Jafar
Borghani Farahani, Mehdi
Najmi, Mojtaba
Saeidi, Ahmad
Mirvahabi, Haniyehe
Gandomkar, Akbar
Alini, Mousen

Abstract:
range land in every country is of importantly natural resource, that have effectives important on the protection water and soil and alimentary needs securing of country.Erosion rangeland influence on the erosion and drought. But us of participation. People could had effect important on development rangeland.Aime main this search is determining factor effective and inhibiting participation operators on the preservation and rehabilitation rang land and appropriate method participatory in this search in central province.This search is survey and tools collected information are qustionare. Populations' are 20417 family rural in the format 223 plan range and topic Experts rangeland.Search results shown in draw participation beneficiary in the plans range. Parameters groups liks interest to work the others and sense task top coefficient significant the to own have allocation.While the parameters individual like supply interests and improvement situation life not have relationship with range participation beneficiary in the plan rangs. About with factors deterrent, variable, dislike and no attention to programs participatory. Lack of confidence being impose, lack of awareness.Not satisfactory needs and expectation and lack of support. Had more relative significance with coefficient correlation revers shown.Organizing management rangs in the rural with participation and interaction all groups' willagiane emphasis on supply interests groups.More off interest individuall.

Collection and identification of the flora and the establishment of herbaria in Markazi province.  [2000]

   

Masori, Ranjbar
Motagi, Abass
Sofiyan, Kadijehe

Abstract:
The project of collection, Identification and maintenance of plants and establishment of Herbarium is one of the sustanable activites for carried out other natural resources researchs. Such a project is also usfull for development of word's plant systhematic from the point of view of giving scientific services to executive sections, researches units and educational departments. beside of such a services, it bring about grouping of plants in to differat kinds of usages in eluding: Medical, industrial, platablity to animals, hany bee usaye and etc eath of these identification has it's own val us, that possibly could help the researches and other interested peoples especially excutive peoples in adminastratiens of natural resourc'es. The plants that will be collected would have at least fruit and nower. After the colleation of plants. The activities of identification and drying will take-placed and then the samples will be lab led and then all of the chractrisitics of them will be recorded. According to this investigation till now 1100 species of plants has been collected , identified and are maintenance herbarium of Markzi province.

Determination of prefernce value of key specie in Enjedan rangland of Markazi province.  [2005]

   

Mirdavodi, Hamid Reza
Farmahinifarahani, Ali
Zahedipor, Hojatolla
Sanadgool, Abbas Ali

Abstract:
Ranglands vegetation species comprises of different growth forms Including: shrubs, grasses and forbs wich are differ in growing time, flowering and seed maturity. As a result, prefer times by the animal also are different for each of these species. In this research, first of all the key and important species as well as associated species of ranglands were recognized, then morphological and seasonal changes and preference value \\vere determined on the selected species such as Artemisia aI/cheri, Kochia prostrata, Bromus tomentelllls, Asperula glomerata and Bll[tbnia (jkoelzii (The species of Artemisia aucheri has a class of palatability of 2 and the other species has a class of 1) In t11is research phenological period of plant were divided in 3 main steps including vegetative, !lowering and seed maturity. Species preference valut's wen: studied with the method of time measurment. Effective factors on species palatability such as morphological characteristics, phenology, environmental and chemical factors (Carbohydrates, Hemi selulose, Protein...) of the species also were investigated. In the final step. data obtained in measurment time method were compared with environmental and morphological characteristics of the species as well as forage quality. The palatable species such as Broflll/s tomcl/fellus, Asper/ila glomerafa, Bll/Tonia c(koelzii and annual grasses were se\\erly grazed in early time of season. During the grazing priod, the species of As.

evaluation the effects of seeding rate and delaying sowing dates on yield and yield companents of three winter rapeseed cultivars.  [2009]

   

Motafafirad, Marefat
Mirabdolhagehehezaveei, Akbar

Abstract:
In order to study the effects of delayeing sowing date and seeding rate on on Yield and Yield Components in three winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, two field experiment was carried out as split-split plot arrangement in complete block design with three replications in agricultural research station of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak (Iran) during 2006-2008 growing seasons. Three rapeseed cultivars (Okapi, Modena and Licord), three sowing dates (October 2, 12 and 22) and three seeding rate (6, 8 and 10 kg/ha) were randomized in main plot, subplot and sub-subplot respectively. Rapeseed cultivars had significant differences for all traits except seed oil content (%). Licord cultivar had the highest grain yield, lOOO-seed weight, seed number per pod, pod number per plant, plant height, days to end flowering, length of flowering, days to maturity, length of maturity, oil yield. Modena cultivar showed the highest pod number per plant, second branch number per plant, seed oil content (%) and the least 1000- seed weight, seed number per pod respectively. Okapi cultivar had the least grain yield, pod number per plant, plant height, second branch number per plant, days to initial flowering, days to end flowering, days to maturity, oil yield. There were significant differences among sowing dates for grain yield (P:sO.O 1). The first sowing date, had superiority to other sowing dats for all traits except length of flowering.

Biological and Molecular characterization of Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV- Tospovirus) isolated from ornamentals of Iran  [2011]

   

Ghotbi,Tabassom, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection
Shahraeen, Nooh
Vahdat Khajeh Pasha,Aisan
Mansuri, Alireza

Abstract:
Impatiens necrotic spot virus-INSV is one of the most important tospoviruses isolated from ornamental plants worldwide and Iran. INSV has been reported from almost of ornamental screen houses in Tehran and Markazi provinces. INSV symptoms included necrotic leaf spot, chlorosis and stunting in infected ornamental plants. Heavy losses reported caused by INSV in infected plants, eg; Zinia elegans, Ficus benjamina, Viola spp., Saintpaulia ioantha, Althea spp., Cheiranthus cheiri, PelargoniumXhortorum, Dahlia spp., Gazania spp., reducing quality and quantity of infected plants. In this research, a total of 581 ornamental samples of 58 different plant species showing symptoms similar to INSV infection were collected from 5 important ornamental growing provinces (Mazandaran, Guilan, Tehran, Markazi and Khuzestan). Samples were tested by DAS-ELISA for the detection of INSV. Selected samples which were positive in ELISA tests, mechanically inoculated on specific test plants. The virus was biologically purified using local lesion indicator hosts. INSV source plants as fresh inoculums were propagated and kept in glasshouse for further investigation. In this research and on the basis of biological and serological results the ornamental collected plant, which were positive to INSV infection were identified. Seeds from infected INSV hosts plants were collected and grown to check the possibility of virus seed transmission.

Selection of Hamehdani Alfalfa population of Markazi province.‎  [2004]

   

Talebnejad, Ali Reza
Sarlak, Mohammad Reza
Mogadam, Ali

Abstract:
In this study samples of Hammedani alfalfa were collected. Then these collected populations were mixed completely, and were prepared a hetrogen sample from among them. These seeds were cultivated in lines which 100 cm row spaces and plant distance was 50 cm. The number of lines were 42 and Their length were 30.5 m. The following method was used for selecting of supperiour plantat flowering stage. Two lateral lines and a plant from up and docun of each remaimder line were omitted, and This area was clevided into 60 nets that each nei contained 40 plants. Ten suppior plants were seiected with consedering The number of branches, leaves, turgidily, lodging from eachnet and second stage of selection was conducted on (he same method. The seeds of selected plants were reproduced on Khoumein Bean research station. The obtained seeds from reproduction operation will compare on yield varilies comparison proyect on during 1383. Keyword: Hamedani alfalfa, Net selection, Ecolype.

Study of difficults and straits in Milk reductional Industries in Markazi province.  [1997]

   

Gasemi, Hamid Reza
Najafi, Mojtaba
Ahmadi, Mohammad Reza

Abstract:
In purpose survey of difficults and harriers of milk reductional industries and milk productions in marka. province, i.v studied trend of production, distribution and consumption of milk and related productions as a systematic flow. The frame work of this system is aimed milk reductional industries work shapes and on the base w requested process of producing milk different-, production. In this proposal is designed four questionaires then is distributed. First questionaire for cow-keepings as supply ers and maniifactuers of row materials, in purpose determining difficults in stage of provide of row materials, second for work-shopes of reductional industries as manufacurers of milk production and processor of milk, firth for sellers of productions as distributers of milk productions, and fourth for consumers as final segment of economy process of milk and related production. The raising results is showed that use uncompletley capecity of cow-keepings and being industries in the provience unable to attract produced milk. fn other hand, the cow @ keeping have not sufficient desire to produce milk, because is down price of buy of milk. Difficults of reductional industries are: difficults in stage of input, processing, after of output and in stage of development. These industries in each of four stage are faced to some difficults. Many sector of need productions for the province to give from triditional meaiifacturesrs, because capacity of these workshopes is very down.

Evaluation of elite barly lines under on-farm condition.  [2006]

   

Babaie, Taghi
Zamani, Salim
Koochaki, Ahmad Reza
Mashayegk, Abdol Reza
Poormatin, Rashin
Beheshti nejad, Hamid Reza
Mirzaie, Farzad
Borji, Mousen

Abstract:
In order to achive a new cultivar of barley (Hordeum vulgare.L.) with high yield potential and stability; six variety and lines were studied in farmer field at a rural regional near to Arak (Markazi province) during 2004-2005. Experiment was conducted usig a RCBD with 3 replications. The genotypes were studied CB-81-13, CB-81-15, CB-81-11, CB-74-2 and Makuie (Check). Analysis of variance did not show any significant differences among varieties. However, Duncan mean multiple mean tests for yield among genotypes revealed that the genotype CB-81-11 had the highest an averge with yield of 7758 kg/ha, and classified into A class. The CB-81-15 and CB-80-10 with averge yields of 7250 and 7200 kg/ha, resrectively were shown to be in A class, where as Makuie had the lowest yield. Key words: Barley, Yield , Cultivar, elite lines, onfarm conditions.

Study of adaptability and yield comparison of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) winter lines.  [2011]

   

Mostafavi Rad, Marefat
Mir Abdolhagh, Akbar

Abstract:
In order to evaluate and compare of stability and yield of 20 superior winter rapessed lines (Brassica napus L.) and 3 promising line along with Okapi and Modena as check, two field experiments was carried out during 2009 – 2011 growing seasons based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research station of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran. Each plot was incloding of four rows with 5 meter length and 30 centimeter distance. Important agronomic traits such as days number to initiation and end of flowering, length of flowering, days number to ripening, length of ripening, plant height, second branche number per plant, seed number per pod, pod number per plant were recorded during growth season. After harvesting, 1000 - seed weight and yield was estimated. The results of compuned analysis of variances showed that rapeseed cultivars had significant differences for all measured traits at 1% level prpbability.In this research, SW102 line had the most grain yield (4890 kg/ha) and L147 line showed the least grain yield (2732 kg/ha). Inaddition, grain yield of Okapi and Modena cultinars was equal 3622 and 3928 kg/ha, respectively. Keywords: Line, Winter Rapeseed, cold and semi cold location

Evaluation and yield comparison of new winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties in cold and mild cold regions.  [2011]

   

Mostafavi Rad, Marefat
Mir Abdolhagh, Akbar

Abstract:
In order to evaluate and compare of yield in 28 new winter rapessed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars along with Okapi as check, a field experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research station of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran. Each plot was incloding of four rows with 6 meter length and 30 centimeter distance. Important agronomic traits such as days number to initiation and end of flowering, length of flowering, days number to ripening, length of ripening, plant height, second branche number per plant, seed number per pod, pod number per plant were recorded during growth season. After harvesting, 1000 - seed weight, seed oil content (%), seed and oil yield was estimated. The results of varians analysis showed that rapeseed cultivars had significant differences for the seed weight at 1% level prpbability. ES Betty had the most giain yield (4035 kg/ha) and Ella cultivars showed the least respectively in comparison with check.Grain yield of Iranian cultivar named seed yield (2050 kg/ha). Keywords: Rapeseed, Cultivars, Yield, Agronomic Traits

Regional analysis of river discharge in Markazi Basin of Iran  [2014]

   

Eslami, Alireza
Porhemmat, Jahangir
Ebrahimi, Nadergholi

Abstract:
Quantitative analysis of runoff and estimates of stream flow in gauged basins and its transferring to ungauged sites has special importance for water resources planning, watershed and agricultural lands management, as the layout and optimal design of diversion structures and flow control need runoff information with different probability levels. In this research, runoff information of hydrometric stations which located in river catchments of Isfahan, Markazi, Qom, Tehran, Hamadan and Qazvin provinces was collected and investigated. In this regard, such stations which included data with the appropriate quality and quantity were selected in a common period of time. In this case study, results of cluster analysis concluded three homogeneous regions of watershed based on independent variables. According to mean annual runoff probability analysis; the best statistical distribution was fitted and runoff values were determined with return periods of 2 to 100 year. Also, regional runoff models based on hydrological and morphometric parameters were extracted with different return periods for each homogeneous region. In each homogeneous region, evaluation of regression models obtained was carried out using a number of hydrometric stations control. In this case study, area, average slope, main river slope, length and gravilus coefficient of watershed were detected as the most influential parameters in estimation of runoff.

Evaluation o the eicacy o the EC (Emolsion Concentrated) ormulation o azadirachtine prepared in Iranian research institute o plant protection in comparison and comparison with some insecticides control some insect pests  [2013]

   

Modarres Najaabadi, Saeid, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center

Abstract:
This research was conducted on Myzus persicae Sulger in Markazi province. M. persicae reported as a major pest o peach in Iran (Markazi province) and other peach growing areas in the world. Green peach aphid cause noticeable damage on quantity and quantity o peach. In this study, eicacy o neem extraction, (azadirachtine that prepared in Iranian research institute o plant protection) in three concentration and comparison with some insecticides (diazinon, deltamethrin and primicarb) on green peach aphid was evaluated under garden condition during 2011-2012. This examination was perormed in randomized complete block design with 6 treatments in 4 replications. Treatments including: 1- neem extraction (1 ml/l), 2- neem extraction (2 ml/l), 3- neem extraction (3 ml/l), 4- diazinon (1 ml/l), 5- deltamethrin (0.5 ml/l), 6- primicarb (0.7 1ml/l), and check treatment. Density o population aphids was sampled one day beore, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days ater pesticides application (sampling unite was selected 20cm o peach tree branch and all aphids on sampling unite were counted). Statistical analysis was done on mortality precent obtained by Henderson-Tilton ormula showed that there was signiicant dierence between times o sampling. The results showed that eects o pesticides applied signiicantly were ound dierent at sampling intervals. In 21 days ater application, diazinon caused higher aphid mortality than the others on peach aphid

Autecology of the most important rangeplants in rangeland ecosystems of Iran  [1995]

   

Shahmoradi, A.
Mozafariyan, V.

Abstract:
This national research project was conducted to study the function and behavior of some of the most important range plant species and their relation with biotic and abiotic components of their ecosystems. The study produced some basic ecologic information needed to provide programs for reclamation, rehabilitation, and management of rangelands, as well as for plant species conservation. The project includes a vast spectrum of desirable range plant species in the enormous rangeland ecosystems of the country. Some of the ecosystems that form the major habitat of the species include: a) desert rangelands in provinces of Khorasan, Khozestan, Ghom, Markazi, and Esfahan b) steppe rangelands in provinces of Khorasan, Ghom, Kerman, Esfahan, Khoozestan, and Markazi c) semi steppe ranglands in provinces of Azerbayjan-e-gharbi, Ardabil, Zanjan, Kohgylouyeh-va-Boyrahmad, Tehran, Mazanderan, Golestan, Kerman, and Khorasan d) High mountain rangelands in provinces of Mazanderan and Khorasan. In this study, topographic, climatic, and edaphic characteristics of species habitats, and their ecological amplitudes were determined. Other species accompanied with each of the considered desirable species were identified and listed. Using transects and quadrates in rangeland ecosystems, variables such as canopy cover, density, and frequency were measured for each subject species.

Study on root and crown rot pathogenic soil borne fungi of barley in different province.  [2005]

   

Pur Mansuri, Tahereh
Mobaraki, Daryush
Ershad, Ja`far
Ja`fari, Hossein
Arjomandiyan, Amir
Forutan, A`bd Ol-Reza
Yunesi, Hassan
Esma`il Zadeh, Ali Reza
Qalandar, Mojtaba
Rahbari, Batul
Ja`fari, Vali Ol-Lah

Abstract:
During operating this propozal the fields of barley in different provinces were survived .Samples of plants which had disease symptom were collected and examined for infection.The results are as follows: In Markazi province these fungi Fusariumspp,Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici ,Drechslera sorokiniana,Embllisia chlamidospora,Rhizoctonia solani were identified as acausual agents of root and crown rot of barley.In Hamedan Fusarium spp Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici Rhizoctonia spp Pythium spp Bipolaris spp Drechslera spp ,in Zanjan Rhizoctonia solani &lsquoFusarium culmorum and 9 species of Fusarium sp were identified.Only the pathogenecity of Rhizoctonia solani is tested.In Kermanshah province the fungi Bipolaris sorokiniana , B. cynodontis. Rizoctonia cerealis , R. solani , Pythium ultimum ,Phoma glomerata , Fusarium oxysporum , F. nygamai , F. culmurum , Fusarium solani , F. avenaceum, F. compactum , F. equiseti were identified and in Mazandaran Fusarium graminearu was more than the others.All the inoculated fungi except Alternaria &lsquoPythium &lsquoF. oxysporum and Cladosporium were pathogenic. Fusarium graminearum was the most frequent one.In Yazd ,Rhizoctonia solsni, Pythium sp , F.culmorum , Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium spp were isolated as the pathogenic fungi of root and crown rot of barley.In Tehran province these fungi Helminthosporium sativum , Fusarium culmorum , F. scirpe , F.equiseti , F.

Identification and distribution of root and basal rot of onion caused by Fusarium spp. in Khomein.  [2006]

   

Lak, Mohammad Reza
Zare`, Rasul
Haq Shenas, Mahmud

Abstract:
Fusarium root and basal plate rot , caused by Fusarium spp. are important soil – borne diseases of onion worldwide. The causal agents infect the root and basal stem plate and eventually kill the entire plant. A study in order to identify the species and to determine the importance of Fusarium spp. was conducted in Khomein area in 2004-2005. Five species including F. oxysporum , F. solani, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum and F. chlamydosporum were identified. The frequencies were 100, 71, 43, 43 and 14 precent, respectively. Most isolates of F. oxysporum and F. solani had high virulence and isolates of F. equiseti, F. proliferatum and F. chalmydosporum had low or very low virulence on onion seedling in greenhouse condition.

Ministery of Jahad-e-Agriculture Agriculture Research and Education Organisation Plant Pest and Diseases Research Institute  [2004]

   

Kamran, Reza
Hasani Nezhad, Abbas
Majidiyeh Qasemi, Shahrokh
Farzaneh, Ahmad
Amraei, Vahed
Mahvi Kohan, Farahnaz
Shadkam, Qasem
Kalhor, Manuchehr
Dalvand, Bahman
Shekariyan, Bahram
Nazeriyan, I`sa
Zeynanlu, Asghar
Mo`ieni, Mohammad Rahim
Mohseni, Abd Ol - rahim
Takasei, Mohammad

Abstract:
In order to ascertain the role of biotic and abiotic agents in drying of rooted cuttings and olive seedlings sampling was done from nurseries located in Zanjan, Fars , Lorestan, Ghom, Markazi, Ghazveen and Tehran Provinces and were transferred to laboratory for further studies. Rhizoctonia sp. and Macrophomina sp. were isolated from roots of cuttings and seedlings showing drying symptoms whereas Verticillium dahliae was recovered from twig tips of young trees from Daryoon, Quar, Sarvestan, Sarmashad Kazeron and Niroogah Gazi Kazeron and their pathogenecity were approved under artificial inoculation condition. The fungi Verticillium sp. , Fusarium sp. and Phytophthora sp. were isolated from young trees in Lorestan Province showing symptoms and Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. were isolated from infested cuttings. In Zanjan Provience Stemphilium sp., Rhizoctonia sp. and Curvularia sp. were isolated from infested olive seedlings. Among insect pests , Saissetia oleae causes considerable growth reduction of olive seedlings in Zanjan Province and on the other hand , Eryophid mites causes leaf deformation and in a survey it was observed that 90% of seedlings were infested by this pest. Leafhoppers of Flatidae family were found in abundant on twigs of young olive trees in Lorestan Province and it seems that olive has become a suitable host for it. The most important plant parasitic nematode isolated from olive nursery beds and seedlings was the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp.

Evaluation Of Russian Wheat Aphid Resistance In Different Cultivars And Advanced Lines Of Wheat  [2004]

   

Ne`mat Ol-Lahi, Mohammad Reza
Qandi, Akbar
Yusefi, Mazaher
Hafshejani, Asad Ol-Lah
Khani Zadeh, A`bbas
Ruhi, Ebrahim
Shekariyan, Bahram
Bahari,

Abstract:
Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), is a serious pest of small grains in the world. Chemical control of the pest is diffecult, however, host plant resistance is an environmental-friendly and economic method. To evaluate resistance to RWA in different wheat cultivars and advanced lines, an experiment was conducted in several regions. Experimental field was comprised of two similar parts, one of them (check) was sprayed two times with Metosystox at the rate of 1.5 per thousand, and the other one was sprayed simutaneously with water. Reared aphids from colonies were evenly distributed in the part one. By weekly inspection, 4 palnts were clipped from each plot, and then in the labratoary number of aphids (adults and nymphs), and damage rate were recorded. Yield and yield components were measured for sprayed and unsprayed parts. Resistance components were evaluated and plant resistance index (PRI) was calculated. Results of different locations were as follow: Esfahan province: Cultivars and lines of M-75-7 and Mahdavi had the lowest resistance rate, and M-73-18, M-73-4, and M-78-7 had the highest rate among 15 cultivars and lines. There was a significant difference for total yield (straw+ grain) between sprayed and unsprayed parts. Similar results were obtianed in resistance componets experiments, so that M-73-4 and M-73-18 had the highest and Mahdavi had the lowest PRIs.

Study in bean segregation population (F2 Generation)  [2002]

   

Beizaie, Esmaaeel,Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center

Abstract:
This investigation was conducted for identifying (evaluation of) superior bean plant in khomein bean research station for one year The khomein basis of the single plant selection was, yield, marketing, plant form disease under natural epidemic tolerance and other desired characters. Twenty eight F2s derived form previous crosses of different type which of beans (navy bean, kidney bean and cranberry) separately were cultivated. Depending on the number of seeds F2s sown in 6m rows spaced 50cm, and the in /row plant spacing was 20 cm. To confirm the F2 crosses and also for better evaluation the parents were sown in two rows before and after F2s, while one row spaced between them. To minimize the effect of environment (non - genetic effects) on the quantitative characters, the yield of all selected plants were harvested individually, threshed and stored separately. plants were Harvested. For adaptation and better selection strategy it is recommended the seeds of selected plants to be sown at least in two bean regions. The desired single plants should be selected based on the identified goals for achieving better pure Lines in the regions and finally the variety for the regions and country will be derived introduced.

Combining ability between males and females of pistacia atlantica to select the best parents for artificial crosses.  [2006]

   

Maddah Arefi, Hassan
Mirza`i Nadoushan, Hossein
Azdou, Ziya`
Abdi Qazi Jahani, Akbar
Gol Babai`, Hossein
Darvishi Zeyd Abadi, Davoud
Nasir Zadeh, Abdolreza

Abstract:
Present research work has been conducted using parental pistachia atlantica plants and their progenies in some provinces of Iran. The sites and trees were selected in Tehran, Fars, Markazi, Kerman and west Azerbaijan and in next step crossing of some paternal and maternal trees have followed according to line tester method in Tehran, Fars, and west Azarbaijan. Data collected from forest areas, greenhouse as well as laboratory. Selections of Full & Half Sibs were used after analyzing GCA and SCA. It was found that the trees of pistachia atlantica in candidate sites having capability of 19 to 39% oil production. Progenies were examined for 100 seed weight, germination percentage, and growth rate and establishment percentage. It was found that there are positive and significant correlation between seedling&rsquos height and stem height and stem height&rsquos and stem diameter but negative and significant correlation was found between oil percentage and seed size. Male 4 and 5 have effective role in oil production when crossed to different maternal trees. This effect in Full Sibs has shown to be more productive than all the Half Sibs in all provinces. According to our research results, the best paternal combiners are 4 & 5 with GCA 3.91 & 2.30 and the best combiner female trees are 8 & 13. In Fars province, General Combining Abilities for improving some characteristics such as germination percentage were calculated.

Investigation on Phosphorous and Zinc requirement in gladiolus  [2007]

   

Banijamali, Mohammad
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh
Hassanzadeh, Sefollah

Abstract:
Gladiolus is one of the important cut flowers for export and portion of four main flower products in Iran. The experiment was carried out in completely randomize block design with four replication. Experimental treatments contain of four levels ( 0, 90,180 and 270 Kg.h-1 P2O5 as triple superphosphate(46.0% P2O5 )and three levels of zinc( 0, 30 and 60 Kg.h-1 as Zinc sulfate(34.0% Zn). Two additional treatments were 50(T1) and 90 Kg.h-1(T2) phosphorous fertilizer with twice foliar application (2.5 g.l-1 Zinc sulphate) in stage that 3 and 6 leaves appear. In order to improve soil physical characteristics 3 Kg.m-2 decayed cow manure was added before planting uniformly. Tow years combined analysis were showed 90 P2O5 and 60 Kg.h-1 Zinc sulfate increased spike length and flower stem hight. Foliar application of Zinc sulfate and 90 Kg.h-1 P2O5 in soil were caused the most uptake of Fe, Mn, Zn , B and the highest spike.

Determination of the best media for Two cactus species ( Mammillaria elongata And Astrophytum myriostigma) and Crassula ( Sedom rubrotictum And Echeveria lilacina) as pot plants  [2007]

   

Banijamali, Mohammad
Shafiei, , Mohammad Reza
Hassanzadeh, Sefollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh
Ghadbeglo, Javad

Abstract:
In orther to determine the best media for two species cactus and crassula, the experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design. Experimental treatments included 13 deferent species pot plants media formulas. Experimental plants from two varieties and in two deferent family of cactaceae and Crrassulaceae were performed in two separate experiments at two years. Experimental treatments were as fallow: 1)⅓Decayed leaf + ⅓peat +⅓sand(0.05 – 2 mm)2) ⅓organic mater (farmyard manure) + 3 sharp sand (2-9 mm) + 1 Coarse sand (2-5 mm) + 1 fine silt (0.002-0.05 mm)3) ½ Sharp sand + ½ peat 4)⅓Sand + ⅓decayed leaf + ⅓farmyard manure5)⅓Sand + ⅓farmyard manure + ⅓cartridge case mineral6)⅓Sand + ⅓farmyard manure + ⅓tea factory wastage7)⅓Coarse perlite (2.5 -7 mm) + ⅓peat + ⅓cartridge case mineral8)⅓fine perlite (0.5-2.5 mm) and coarse perlite (in equal proportion)9)⅓Peat + ⅓tea factory wastage + ⅓cartridge case mineral10)⅓Fine and coarse perlite (In equal proportion) + ⅓tea factory wastage and Populous alba sawdust (2 to 1 ratio respectively) + ⅓cartridge case factory11)1 loam soil + 1 farmyard manure + 2 medium rough decayed leaf (2-5mm)+1 sharp sand + powdered bone(100 ) (lesser than 2 mm)12) 2 loam soil + 1 sand + 1 gravel lime stone (2-9.

Determination Of Coefficients And Indices Related To Primary Tillage Using Three Bottoms Moald Board Plow And Conventional Tractors In Ten Areas  [2005]

   

Safari, Mahmud
Hedayati Pur, Abu Ol-Fazl
Luymi, Na`im
Khosrovani Gashtasb, A`li
Zarif Neshat, Sa`id
Asadi, Ardeshir
Sham Abadi, Zeyn Ol-Abedin
A`del Zadeh, Reza
Sa`ati, Mohsen
Ruzbeh, Majid
Azad Shahraki, Shahram

Abstract:
The increasing of productivity , reducing of costs and suitable application of agricultural machinery can be achieved using uniform methods and application of social , economical and technical indices that is adaptable to agricultural conditions of areas. There is no information for more areas of country. Hence providing and presenting of development patterns will not have scientific credit and base without these fundamental data. In this study tillage indices and Coefficients by sampling from conventional tractors(MF285,U650and John Deer 3140) in Tehran, Fars, Isfahan, Khoozestan, Darab, Hamedan,Moghan, Semnan, Khorasan, Shahrekord and Markazi areas were detemined.Results showed that average power requirement for tillage is 20.36hp neglection of area and tractor type. The maximum and minimum power requirement were 26.1hp and 15.1hp for Isfahan and Fars areas respectively at 1% level. There was significant difference between tractor JD3140 and other tractor types in respect of rolling resistance at 1% level but was not significant difference between tractors U650 and MF285. The average traction efficiency was 68% and it was positive significant correlation between power requirements and specific resistance, costs per hectare, working days, requirement time per hectare, working width, fuel consumption, speed, net traction and rolling resistance in level of 1%. All the areas had same slippages except Moghan.

Effects of sowing date and cultivar on root rot severity of Chitti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)  [2008]

   

Lak, Mohammad Reza
Qanbari, A`li Akbar
Sarlak, Abu Al-Qasem
Haq Shenas, Mahmud

Abstract:
In order to study of sowing date effect on root rot diseases caused by Fusarium solani of Chitti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars, an experiment was conducted in Khomein national bean research station for three years (2004 to 2006). This experiment was arranged as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. three chitti beans (Khomein local, Talash, COS16) were considered in 4 different sowing dates (10 May, 25 May, 9 June, 24 June). Results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of sowing date was significant on days to maturity, grains/pod, grains/plant, 100 grains weight, grain yield and root rot diseases at the 1% level and on pods/plant at the 5% level of probability. Effect of cultivar was significant days to maturity, plant height, pods/plant, grains/plant, 100 grains weight and root rot diseases at the 1% level and on grains/pod and grain yield at the 5% level of probability. Interaction of factors had significant effect on days to maturity, root rot diseases, pods/plant and grains/plant. 9 June and COS16 produced the highest grain yield. In study of diseases, relaying sowing date decreased diseases injuring. COS16 and Khomein local received the least and the highest damages of diseases, respectively. Number of dead plants and disease severity on bean hypocotyle that was planted on 24 June, decreased in compared with 10 May, 64.5% and 25.7%, respectively.

Investigations on the fauna of cicadas, spittlebugs, leafhoppers, treehoppers and planthoppers in region 1, including Tehran, Semnan, Ghom and some parts of Ghazvin and Markazi provinces (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha).  [2008]

   

Mozaffariyan, Fariba
Taqi Zadeh, Mohammad
Sajedi, Sepideh
Haji Esmaeiliyan, Abu Al-Fazl
Ne`matiyan, Mohammad Reza

Abstract:
Agallia firdousica Dlabola, 1981 Anaceratagallia aciculate Horvath, 1894 Anaceratagallia harrarensis Melichar, 1911 Anaceratagallia laevis (Ribaut, 1935) Anaceratagallia ribauti Ossiannilsson, 1938 Austroagallia sinuata (Mulsant et Rey, 1855) Subfamily: Aphrodinae Aphrodes bicinctus (Sckrank, 1776) Subfamily: Deltocephalinae Aconura jakovlevi Lethierry, 1876 Arocephalus longiceps (Kirschbaum, 1868) Chiasmus conspurcatus (Perris, 1857) Cicadula divaricata Ribaut, 1952 Cicadula flori (J.

Investigations on the fauna of cicadas (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadidae) of region 3 and 4 (West and East Azarbayejan, Ardebil, Zanjan, Kordestan, Hamedan, Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan and some parts of Markazi and Ghavin provinces)  [2008]

   

Mozaffariyan, Fariba
Haj Esmaeiliyan, Abu Al-Fazl
Ne`matiyan, Mohammad Reza
Parsi, Farzaneh

Abstract:
Cicadas are rather large insects which are mainly famed for their loud song in the warmest days of the year and some of them have economic importance. In current research, specimens which were collected from 10 provinces in North West and West of Iran (Azarbaijan-e Gharbi, Azarbaijan-e Sharghi, Ardebil, Zanjan, Kordestan, Hamedan, Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan, Markazi and Gahzvin) during 2005 and 2007 or earlier were studied. After identifying specimens, 30 characters were chosen and tested on all specimens to generate an identification key and then distribution maps for any species in studied area were submitted. The presence of at least seven genera and 18 species were recorded as follow: Chloropsalta smaragdula Haupt, 1920 Chloropsalta sp. 1 Cicada orni Linnaeus, 1758 Cicadatra alhageos (Kolenati, 1857) Cicadatra flava (Dlabola, 1970) Cicadatra hyalina (Fabricius, 1798) Cicadatra persica Kirkaldy, 1909 Cicadatra querula (Pallas, 1773) Cicadatra ramanensis Linnavuori, 1962 Cicadatra vulcania Dlabola et Heller, 1962 Cicadatra sp. 1 Cicadatra sp. 2 Cicadatra sp. 3 Cicadetta tibialis (Panzer, 1788) Cicadetta sp. 1 Melampsalta caspica Kolenati, 1857 Pagiophora annulata (Brulle, 1832) Tibicen plebejus (Scopoli, 1763) Identifying 5 of the species which may be new to science needs more investigations.

Determination of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration by Lysimetric Method at Arak Agricultural Research station.  [2005]

   

Dadivar, Mas`ud
Rostami, Asad Ol-Lah
Qadbiklu, Javad
Morad Abadi, Gholam Reza

Abstract:
The combination of two separate processes whereby water is lost on the one hand from the soil surface by evaporation and on the other hand from the crop by transpiration is referred to evapotranspiration (ET).For determination of crop evapotranspiration (ETp) must estimated reference crop evapotranspiration (Eto). Because of meteorological data was available, empirical formulas compared with direct measurement using draining lysimeter.The experiment was carried out at Arak Station during four years (2002-2005). The results showed that potential evapotranspiration in the four years (2002-2005) with 7 month-period measurements were 1458.1 , 1435.4 , 1258.4 and 1312.2 mm , respectively. Min. monthly Eto was 104.3 mm in Apr. and Max. was 268.0 mm in Jul. The amount of pan evaporation (EP) in four years were 2019.2, 1898.8, 1697.8 and 1775.0 mm and Etp to EP ratio were 0.74, 0.77, 0.75 and 0.74 respectively. Formulas used in this study werePenman-Montieth, Hargreaves, Radiation and Pan. The results obtained have shown that the Hargreaves method was closer and Pan method was further than were from lysimetric method.

Allowable use determination of key species in Arak- Enjedan Rangelands.  [2007]

   

Farmahini Farahani, A`li
Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza
Borji, Mohsen
Azdu, Ziya

Abstract:
Overgrazing and deterioration of rangelands are the two longterm problem from the view point of water and soil conservation that cause irriversible damaging to these resources. In arid and semi arid envirinment one of the most nessessary and urgont methods for determonation of stocking rate and reduction of over grazing on rangelands is actual estimation of ranglands capacity. Therfore for this purpose the allowable use of each key species which are the dominant forage species and used by animals should be determined. In this research the species of Artemisia aucheri, Bromus tomentellus, Asperula glomerata, Buffonia sp. which are the key and most important species in Enjedan of Arak were studied. In order to determine the allowable use in Enjedan first of all ha area with suitable condition were selected and fanced and enclosed in the first year. From each species individual were selected on wich harvesting treatment incloding and background were applied (treatment for every individual). After harvesting the effect of utilization on future years were studied based on the plants root, phenological charactristics, forage yield, fresh condition,…. Result show that utilization limits of for two species of Bromus tomentellus, Asperula glomerata and for two species of Artemisia aucheri, , Buffonia sp. Is suitable.

Study of planting date effect on the yield and yield components of winter rapeseed varieties.  [2008]

   

Taleb Nezhad, A`li Reza
Rudi, Davud
Mir A`bd Ol-Haq, Akbar
Mostafavi Rad, Ma`refat

Abstract:
In order to study the effects of sowing date and variety type on yield and yield components of rapeseed, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replication were carried out during 2005-2006 and 2006- 2007 at agricultural experimental station of Agricultural and Natural Resource Research of Markazi province. The sowing date including (d1: Sep.11,d2: Sep.: 21, d3:Oct.1 and d4: Oct.11) and varieties including v1: Licord, v2: Opera, v3: Okapi and v4: Modena were allocated to main plots and sub-plots respecting. Combined analysis showed that in view point of yield, sowing dates of d2 and d3 were at A group (P0.01) with 4518 and 4499 kg/ha respectively. The variety of Modena with 4975 kg/ha was at A group, Licord and Opera with 4424 and 4272 kg/ha were at B group and Okapi variety was C group with 3422 kg/ha. The best interaction between sowing date and variety type was related to d1v4, d3v4 and d2v4 with 5302 , 5205, 5170 kg/ha respectively. Oil percentage at sowing dates was differ from 46.41 to 44.08 percent. Varieties has not significant effect on oil percentage. Varieties of Modena with 47.75% and Okapi with 46.77% were at A and B groups respectively. The interaction effect of d2v4 and d3v4 treatments with 48.20% and 48.04% respectively were at A group. IN viewpoint of oil yield, Jowing date of d3 and d2 with 2127 and 2090 kg/ha were at A group (P0.01). and d1 with 1987 kg/ha and d4 with 1803 kg/ha were at AB and B groups respectively.

Investigation on effect of Saveh flood spreading project on quality and quantity of vegetation cover.

2005

Gandom Kar, Akbar; Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza; Davudi Rad, A`li Akbar; Pur Matin, Afshin

[]

[]

[]

In order to investigate the flood spreading effect on quality and quantity characteristics of Khoshkrood station 5 spreading channel and 10 quadrate sleeted. Since 1998 kind of species, vegetation covers. Percent, sand and rock fragment, bare soil, litter and yield and other quality parameter of each plot measured. Laboratory analysis of plant sample determined the amount of Ca, P, K, Na, protein, fibber, and lipid of palatable species of flooding area. According to the obtained data the floristic list of the plants produced .The amount of the dominant species production analyzed. The results shows that the yield of the shrub ,forbs and grass are 47.45 , 28.3 and 4.41 gr/m2 .The amount of yield in the shrub and Forbs are not statistically meaningful but the grass located in different group. Comparison between channels show that the 2,3and 4 channels based on the production located in same group and the 1, 4 and 2 channel placed in another group .Also the control and 5 channels located in the same group

Determination of the effective factors on sheep and goat fattening units' in seven states of Iran.  [2009]

   

Kiyan Zad, Mohammad Reza
Mon`em, Manuchehr
Sar Haddi, Fath Ol-Lah
Qorbani, Mohammad
Papi, Nader
Rahimi Sureh, Samad
Eqbaleh, Abu Al-Qasem

Abstract:
In order to investigate management of traditional, industrial and semi industrial sheepfeedlot units in seven state of IranKhorasan, Fars, Yazd, Hamedan, Markazi, Kerman shah, and Kurdistan studied. To estimate their production function (PF) and efficiency (E), 1144 active units were studied by completing questionnaires. The 194 active units were studied by direct control from 2002 to 2005. In each unit dietary and body weight changes of selected lambs and chemical compositions of feedstuff were measured. After data setting, descriptive parameters of quantitative and qualitative traits were computed. To compare means, non parametric tests (Chi-square and Kolmogorov– Smirnov tests) and parametric tests (paired–samples and independent– samples T tests) were used. Production function was estimated by using Cobb–Douglas model and efficiency was calculated by using deterministic production frontier and COLS method. In this survey meat production was affected by herd size, feeding and labor inputs. Fars province had 3,3% (lowest) and Kordestan had 47,7% (highest) percentage of industrial units. Ninety-six percent of feedlot units in the reviewed provinces were individually possession. The graduating position of feedlots managers were 28% unlettered, 22,8% having reading and writing ability, 9,9% diploma and less than 2% graduated in all provinces. Age average of most feedlots managers was 50 ± 0,38 years.

Investigation on effect of Saveh flood spreading project on quality and quantity of vegetation cover.  [2005]

   

Gandom Kar, Akbar
Mir Davudi, Hamid Reza
Davudi Rad, A`li Akbar
Pur Matin, Afshin

Abstract:
In order to investigate the flood spreading effect on quality and quantity characteristics of Khoshkrood station 5 spreading channel and 10 quadrate sleeted. Since 1998 kind of species, vegetation covers. Percent, sand and rock fragment, bare soil, litter and yield and other quality parameter of each plot measured. Laboratory analysis of plant sample determined the amount of Ca, P, K, Na, protein, fibber, and lipid of palatable species of flooding area. According to the obtained data the floristic list of the plants produced .The amount of the dominant species production analyzed. The results shows that the yield of the shrub ,forbs and grass are 47.45 , 28.3 and 4.41 gr/m2 .The amount of yield in the shrub and Forbs are not statistically meaningful but the grass located in different group. Comparison between channels show that the 2,3and 4 channels based on the production located in same group and the 1, 4 and 2 channel placed in another group .Also the control and 5 channels located in the same group .

Effect of different substrates on the growth and quality and quantity characteristic of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii)  [2009]

   

Khalaj, Mohammad A`li
Hassan Zadeh, Seyf Ol-Lah
Yusef Beygi, Anusheh

Abstract:
For study on the effect of different substrates on growth and yield of Gerbera, experiment was carried out as Randomized Complete Block design with 14 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments were as fallow : 1-fine sand,2-peat + fine sand (%25+ %75),3-peat+fine sand( %50+ %50), 4-perlite + peat (%75 + %25 ),5-perlite + peat( %50 + %50 ) , 6-perlite + peat (%25 + %75),7-perlite + peat + expanded clay ( %25 + %70 + %5 ),8- perlite + peat + expanded clay (%50 + %25 + %25 ),9-perlite + peat + expanded clay (25%+ %50 + %25 ),10- peat +expanded clay (%50 + %50 ) , 11-coco peat ,12-coco peat + perlite ( %75 + %25 ), 13- coco peat + perlite (%50 + %50 ), 14-coco peat + perlite + expanded clay (%50 + %25 + %25). Some flower characteristics were evaluated at harvest time. Results of variance analysis and means comparison showed that, 7th treatment was the best of all in some characteristics. In this treatment, at 6 months period, flower numbers, flower diameter, shoot diameter, shoot neck diameter, Flower height and vase life were 10.34(per pot), 12.4 cm, 0.8 cm, 0.58 cm, 54.5 cm and 11.6 days. Whereas for custom substrates (5th. treatment) that used in gerbera production were 7.44 (per pots), 11.3 cm, 0.7 cm, 0.51 cm, 51.6 cm and 10.8 days.

Effect of cooling duration and storage condition of corm on flowering time regulation of gladiolus var Oscar.  [2004]

   

Mirza Khani, A`bbas
A`rabi, Amir

Abstract:
Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) is one of the most important cut flowers in the world.this plant propagated by corm.For cut flower production in year round the production of cut gladioli should be take place in different location and different planting dates.In this experiment we studied interaction of cold treatment and different storage times and different storage temperatures on vegetative and reproductive behavior of gladiolus cv. Oscar.A factorial experiment that arranged in randomized complete blocks with 3 replication was done during 1381-1382 years . in this experiments we studied effect of chilling duration (4,6weeks) and storage durations (4,6,8 weeks) at different temperature (10,20,30oc) was studid on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of gladiolus corm c.v. Oscar.Results indicate that with increasing storage time and storage temperature flowering stem length decrease. on the other hand, increasing time of storage and storage temperature (up to 30 oc) can reduce corm decays . Increasing cooling time decrease duration between planting and flowering.

Hybridization between chrysanthemum colons to produce Variety in chrysanthemum bluks with determine morphological chracteristics in order to introduce newcultivar of cut flower, spray and bedding chrysanthemum.  [2007]

   

sharifi, Mohammad Reza
A`rabi, Amir
Azadi, Pezhman
Bani Jamal, Mohammad
Bayat, Hossein

Abstract:
Chrysanthemum with 160 species from compositea family from wide varities in colour and form is one of the most cut and pot flowers throughout in the world. Chrysanthemum in 70s it was in the top of world flower Product and in 90s it was placed second in world production, rose being the first. If our country can end the two challenge at production all over the year and presenting new figures, it has quite proper condition for producting and exporting Chrysanthemum . Accordingly, for introducing new types of Chrysanthemum for development of Iran flower exports hybridization research project between 10 Chrysanthemum colons has started to produce variety in Chrysanthemum bluks. Evry year after choose the parents , emasculation and isolating operation , hybridization and plantry hybrid seed in green house and then in scond year, transplanting produced seedlings to the farm and evaluatied them according 22 emphasised characteristics in international Guideline UPOV for the conduct of tests for Distinctness, uniformity and stability in Chrysanthemum . with repeating this cycle in the next years we achieved a bout 800 new cultivar of Chrysanthemum. Fortunetly after established the seed and plant certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) with certificated Distinctness, uniformity and stability new kinds and nomination,Registrated 100 superior kinds as first Irand breeded cultivars.

Study on somaclonal variation in Polianthes tuberosa in vitro culture.  [2008]

   

Beyrami Zadeh, Ebrahim
Azadi, Pezhman
Safari, Akram
Shafi`i, Mohammad Reza
Sadeqi, Sadeq

Abstract:
Polianthes toberosa is one of the most important cut flower in world. That has Only white colore flower. Because this flower has not relative species, there for Introducing new vareity by in vitro breeding methods and mutation breeding is essential that supply of micropropagation porotocol. In this research micropropagation of Polianthes toberosawas investigated through basal segment and scals. For esterlization bulb of polianthes per treatment physical and chemical, hot water (46-57 ؛c for 1h).The lowest contamination was showed in 55 ؛c. Explant were culture on MS medium supplementd with kin (0, 2, 4TM) in stabilshment stage. The medium containting 2 Tm kin was showed the highest percentage of shoot and the highest number of shoots in each explant. The highest height was belonged to MS medium contamination 3 Tm NAA+30 TM BA.proliferation was not occurd in any treatment The studying from somatic embryogenesis of Polianthes toberosa basal segment, scals, anther, leaf and peduncle in this research Somatic embryogenesis was considerd on MS medium with 5 different group of PGR : NAA and BA2,4-D and BANAA and TDZPicloram and BADicambaIAA and BA. The effect of NAA and interaction effect of NAA and BA was signification. The highest volum of callus was formed in media containing 0.5 TM NAA alone and 2 TM NAA with 1.5 TM BA the medium without NAA was showed the lowest volume of callus. The highest volum of callus was formed on the MS medium containing 2 TM and 4 TM 2,4-D.

The studing of micropropagation of Gerbera sp via shoot tip explant.  [2008]

   

Azadi, Pezhman
Beyrami Zadeh, Ebrahim
Safari, Akram
Qasemi, Mina
Khalaj, Mohammad A`li

Abstract:
Gerbera is one of the most important cut flower in the world. It is dependent to Asteraceae family and herbal plants. Gerbera is from South African origin. Tissue culture is the most common system for propagation of gerbera. Micro propagation of some variety of gerbera carried out at this research, so tip meristem is used. For disinfecting of explants, Naclo 2% at 30 minute is used. Basal medium that used at this experiment was MS and growth regulators IAA(0, 0.2, 0.4) ,BA (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.5, 3, 4mg/l) , Kin(0, 0.5, 1,2, 2.5, 4,8, 12 mg/l) and also growth regulators as NAA(0, 0.5, 0.1, 0.2) , IAA(0, 0.5, 2.5, 5) is used for rooting. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement. At the end number of proliferation, height and number of leaf was evaluated. Results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of hormones was significant at 1% level. Comparison of means showed treatments as 0.5 mg/l BA and 2.5 mg/l Kin produced highest proliferation and treatments 2.5 mg/l IAA is showed, the best rooting.

Collection , recognition and evaluation of Iris and Gladiolus Germplasm in Iran for use and conservation.  [2008]

   

Beyrami Zadeh, Ebrahim
Kiyani, Mohammad Reza
Dad Far, Sa`id
Safaei, Homa
Mir Akhori, A`bbas
Qanavati, Farangis
Safari, Akram
Talebi, Hamid
Ma`rufi, Hossein
Taheri, Abbas
Fathi Hafshejani, Asad Ol-Lah
A`bbasi, Kamal Al-Din
Kazerani, Narjes
Manuchehri, Homa
Khaki Zadeh, Gholam Reza
Kan`ani, Rasul
Hassan Zadeh, A`bd Ol-Lah
A`li Tabar, Ramazan A`li

Abstract:
In order to collection ,identify and evaluation of Iris and Gladiolus germ plasm, for germplasm conserving by alive collection this study carried out from 2003to 2007. Collection based on IPGRI's instruction and with using map distribution and the area that mentioned in flora and herbarium's samples that were in the research institute and universities, was done. In this study in the different area of Iran provinces 16 Iris species ( Iris iberica , I. germanica , I. spuria , I. meda , I. barnumae , I. acutiloba , I. paradoxa , , I .imbricata , I. reticulata , I. songarica , I. kopetdaghensis , I. pseudocaucasica , I. aucheri , I. fosteriana , gynandriris sisyrinchium), and 2 species of Gladiolus ( Gladiolus italicus , G. atroviolaceus) have been collected. Primary evaluations has done in original site of grows and for watchful studying was created herbarium sampling. These alive samples conserving in collection of project in National Ornamental Plants Research Center of Mahallat-Iran. For genetic diversity evaluating and species adaptation, with geographical and evaluation information a database bank for further studying created.

Evaluating of Genetic Variability for Quantitative Characters and Selection of Superior Single Plants for Propagation of them in Gladiolus Cultivars.  [2008]

   

Moradi A`shur, Behruz
Mirza Khani, A`bbas
A`zimi, Mohammad Hossein
Rezaei, A`bd Ol-Majid

Abstract:
In order to study the genetic variability of morphological traits in cultivars gladiolus and selection single plant for reproduction, an experiment was conducted at National Research Station and Ornamental Plants- Mahallat for three years in 2005,2006 and 2007.The first year cultivars has collected and the second and third years the experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block design with three replication.The treatments were concluding six cultivars naming Sefid Masti, Sefid, Sourati, Narenji and Zard Khaldar.There were highly significant differences among cultivars for days to blooming, days to flowering, plant height, number of floret per spike, length of leaf, diameter of flower, diameter of stem, weight of flower wet, number of cormlet and diameter of cormlet, but differences for period of flowering and width of leaf during two years were not significant.Most of studied traits indicated great variation among cultivars.The phenotypic coefficient of variation were greater than the genotypic ones, for all the traits though, the differences for most of them were small. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, were obtained for number of floret per spike, diameter of stem, diameter of cormlet, respectively and the lowest coefficient found for days to blooming and days to flowering.

Survey Of Frequency and Dispersion Of Ruminant And Cynocephalus Echinococcosis In Arak City And Indication Of Human Contamination Ways  [1999]

   

Sepehrmanesh , Mohammad hossien

Abstract:
In order to study the frequency of Echinococcosis in Arak, generally, 82 Samples have been tested from wild and domestic canine. Also hospital and slaughter statistics morbidity rate of human and animals have been studied. Totally the contamination in fox is 10%, in Jackal 20% and in wandere dog is 16. 6%, also among domestic ruminant, cow shows the highest morbidity percentage to Hydatid Cyst. In addition there are two inportant morbidity points from the results about the samples that have been studied: 1- Among wild canine, Jackal and among domestic canine herds dog have an important role in delivering the contamination. 2- By passing the time, the amount of morbidity to Echinococcosis and Hydatid Cyst have been increased.

Effect of two fattening systems on feedlot performance and carcass characteristic of Farahani male lambs.  [2009]

   

A`zizi, Ramazan A`li
Kamal Zadeh, A`zizi Ol-Lah
Borji, Mohsen
Mirzaei, Sharaf A`li
Bahadori, Sirus
Mir Shams Ol-Lahi, Azadeh

Abstract:
Eighty male Farahani lambs were assigned to tow fattening systems (group1 (G1): normal feedlot and group2 (G2) : feed restriction). Evaluate the effects of feedlot system on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs. At the end of fattening period half of lambs of each group were slaughtered randomly. Final weight in two groups was 46kg. Fattening period in G1 and G2 were respectively 87 and 117 days. The result showed differences in average feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significant (P0.05). Average daily gains on the G1 and G2 were significantly different (P0.05).The experimental group had significantly heavier warm carcasses than the control groups. Weight and percentage of meat and total fat on final weight in G2 were significantly different than in G1(P0.05). The inclusion of tow fattening systems did not significantly affect the several organs, carcass cuts and the animals (P0.05).

Integrated management of pests and diseases of different poplar species and clones in Iran.  [2009]

   

Sadeqi, Ebrahim
Modir Rahmati, A`li Reza
A`skari, Hassan
Mehrabi, Ahmad
Farrashiyani, Ebrahim
Bab Morad, Mehri

Abstract:
Iran is one of the countries with poor forest sources. As a result of severe consumption of forests due to human ambition and lack of accurate management, forest areas of the country are reducing rapidly. So, developing forests especially with planting fast growing trees like poplar is of great necessity for the country. Pests and diseases are among the factors that cause severe quantitative and qualitative damages on poplar trees. In some areas the damage level of these agents are so high that has made the farmers reluctant to plant poplar trees. So, it is necessary to control the damage causing agents by integrated control methods that are nature friendly and economically suitable and reduce the population of the damaging agents under the economical threshold level. Integrated pest management (IPM) is due to qualitative and quantitative identification of the ecosystem and considers the existing ruling factors among biotic factors and protecting the natural enemies of pests. The project was executed during ١٩٩٧ _] ٢٠٠٧ in the following provinces: Guilan, Chaharmahalva- Bakhtiari, Zanjan, Hamedan, Isfahan, Kermanshah, Kohgilouye-va-Boyer-Ahmad, Markazi, West and East Azarbaijan, Northern Khorasan and Tehran. Poplar pests fauna was studied on different native and exotic poplar species and clones, which were planted according to compared and selected popultum projects.

Effect of photoperiod on milk Production of Holestain dairy cows  [2004]

   

Bahadori , S

Abstract:
Milk and, milk fat (kg) production, cow body weight and galactopoiesis of 10 Holstein cows subjected to natural light, (9 to 12 h daily) and la cows subjected to 16 h of fluorescent light and 8 h dark were measured in early period 37 to 74 days of lactation and later period 94 to 204 days of lactation. Cows that received 16 h of fluorescent light produced 11.6% more milk (2.51kg/day) than cows exposed to natural photoperiod. High of milk production abtained in early and late period on 16 h fluorescent light. Photoperiod did not alter fat percent. Body weight decreased in treated group (2.9%) but in control group cows body weight increased (1.67%). The treated group exposed more galactopoiesis (101.43%) than control group (94.2%).

Effects of calcium soap of fatty acids on broilers performance  [2008]

   

Talebian Masoudi , A

Abstract:
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of calcium soap of fatty acids on broiler chicks performance. 1800 day old chicks, were divided into four groups with seven or eight replicates and fed .similar diets in starter period followed by four diets with different rate of calcium soap inclusion (0, 1 %, 2% and 3%) in grower period and followed by four diets with rate of inclusion of calcium soap (0, 2%, 4% and 6%) in finisher period. The period of experiment was 7 week and a randomized complete design with 4 diets and 7 or 8 replicate was employed to analyse the data. During the experiment variables including body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed intake, daily gain, production index, carcass characteristic and percent of mortality were measured and calculated. The results indicated that supplementeal calcium soap could provide energy for broilers and Istudied variables were not significantly affected by dietary treatments.

Nutritive value of wheat straw spent Compost of Agaricus bisporus ll1ushroom as ruminant feed  [2009]

   

Talebian Masoudi , Ali Reza

Abstract:
Spent compost wheat straw is an available by - product, remained from edible mushroom production, which is constitutes a potential pollutant and cost effec tive for disposal. This experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value of spent wheat straw compost from Agaricus bisporus mushroom as ruminant feed. Spent compost was provided from a mushroom farm and the casing soil was removed from the whole compost. The spent straw was sun dried and sampled for chemical analysis. A pre test was carried out to determine the possibility free choice intake of the straw, using of 8 mature male sheep for 7 days. Then the main trial was conducted, in which four wheat straw based diets including; control (I), 10% spent straw (11), 20% spent straw (Ill) and 30% spent straw (IV) were tested in sheep. The diets were formulated to provide the maintenance requirements and fed to 8 sheep for 56 days experiment in a Latin square based design (change over) in 4 periods of time. Dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), Digestible dry matter intake (DDMI) digestible organic matter intake (DOMI), digestibility of dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD), crude protein (CPD), crude fiber (CFD), acid detergent fiber (ADFQ), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) and nitrogen balance were determined. Data obtained from the pre-test indicated that the spent wheat straw could not be accepted by sheep as a sole feed. The DMI were 74.0,73.8, 70.2 and 57.1; OMI 62.7, 63.4, 5R.0 and 44.

The Study Effect of Application of Aluminosilicate Adsorbents (natural and commercial) in Decreasing of Aflatoxicosis Syndrome in Broiler Chicks  [2010]

   

Borji , M.

Abstract:
A study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of some phyllosilicate clays including a commercial adsorbent (Fix-A-Tox), two samples of bentonite and one sample of zeolite as inhibitor of aflatoxicosis in broilers. A total of 540 seven-day old broiler chicks with uniform average body of both sex were divided into six equal treatment groups including, group A: negative control (without aflatoxin and adsorbent), group B: 0.5 % Fix-A-Tox + 200 ppb aflatoxin B1, group C: 1 % bentonite BFH + 200 ppb aflatoxin B1, group D: 1 % bentonite B + 200 ppb aflatoxin B1, group E: 1 % zeolite + 200 ppb aflatoxin B1, group F: positive control (with 200 ppb aflatoxin B1 without adsorbent). This study was conducted to assess the production parameters with respect to serum biochemical parameters, relative weight of internals organ and carcass trait changes in chicks fed by one of the six diets. Addition of adsorbents in the diets containing aflatoxin significantly diminished the inhibitory effects of aflatoxin on body weight gain, feed intake and FCR, in all three periods of starter, grower and finisher, in that manner some of adsorbents were capable from prevention of negative effects of aflatoxin as extent as without toxin control diet. The most and the least feed intake was related to A and F diets respectively (p0.05). With exception of two diets of D and E in finisher period, other diets in all three periods had significant difference with together (p0.05).

Inventories of ecological regions of Dastgerdan (Madan chah sorb)  [2006]

   

Ghaderi, Gholamreza
Gholami, Barat Ali
Shakoei, Masood

Abstract:
This report includes knowledge of plant vegetation of area about 1.527 million hectares be longs to a topographical map of madan chah sorbe in scale of 1:250000 with number NI40-6 which is located in north of Tabas .In this survey, plant vegetation types and land use systems were determined, by physiognomic method. The three dominant species were considered as vegetation type. The base maps were topographical maps with scale of 1:50000 in which the information of vegetation types were recorded in to them. These maps exchanged to 1:250000maps by computer for preparation of vegetation map. In general the vegetation types cover 391080 ha (25.6%) agricultural lands ands establishment 8312 ha (0.54%) and bare lands 1127796 ha (74%) is within kavire markazi and salty zone. vegetation types usually are vast and diversity little, due to desert climate of regions. In this study area, 11 vegetation types were recognized and classified in three plant vegetation groups including (Artemisia, Seidlitzia and Haloxylon ) with58.26%, 14.5 % of total plant vegetation, respectively. In general, the low in habitants and low population of grazing animal, resulted in vegetation and specially Artemisia types remained in good condition, but the other vegetation types are under grazing pressure by camel in the region. Especially in the period of drought years, most of plant vegetation was damaged.

Evaluotion and indevidual Selection on Iranian clover population of Markazi province.  [2004]

   

Talebnezhad, Ali Reza
Lak, Mouhammd Reza
Zamanian, Mouhammad
Abdolhagh, Akbar Mir

Abstract:
In this study 21 population of clover were collected from different regions of Morkazi province. Each Population was cultivated in 10 lines each 10m. length, in which row and plant spacing were in order 50 and 50 cm. During two years sppior plants were selected. In third year the seeds of each plant were cultivated in a 2- meter line ( 469 lines). In this stage suppior lines were selected. In fourth year 64 lines were compared ina Latice experimental design (8* 8). Finally 5 suppior lines will cultivate for reproduetion from 5 populations of sarough, Bazaneh, Ghorchibashi, Mast – e- Sofla and Traran Sofla.

Evaluation and yield comparison of new winter rapeseed varieties.

2009

A`li Zadeh, Bahram; Mostafavi Rad, Ma`refat; Mir A`bd Ol-Baqi, Akbar

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n order to evaluate and compare of yield and other important agronomic traits in 29 new winter rapessed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars along with Okapi as check, a field experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research station of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran. Each plot was incloding of four rows with 5 meter length and 30 centimeter distance. Important agronomic traits such as days number to initiation and end of flowering, length of flowering, days number to ripening, length of ripening, plant height, second branche number per plant, seed number per pod, pod number per plant were recorded during growth season. After harvesting, 1000 - seed weight, seed oil content (%), seed and oil yield was estimated. The results of varians analysis showed that rapeseed cultivars had significant differences for the most of traits exept 1000 _ seed weight and seed oil content (%) at 1% level prpbability. ES Betty and WR 5252 (Libred) cultivars had the most giain yield (5539 and 5440 kg/ha) respectively in comparison with check.Grain yield of Iranian cultivar namely Zarfam was 5124 kg/ha. In this reaserch, NK Fair and Olphi cultivars had the least grain yield (2846 and 2671 kg/ha) respectively.

Evaluation of the effect of rhizobium strains on yield and yield components of red bean cultivars.

2009

Dadivar, Mas`ud; Ghadiri, A`del; Khod Shenas, Mohammad A`li; Qad Bygh Lu, Javad; Morad Abadi, Gholam Reza; Rudbarani, Jahan Gir; Sarlak, Abu Al-Qasem; Afshari, Mitra; Asadi Rahmani, Hadi

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The role of biological fertilizers is important in improvement of soil physical and chemical properties.This project was carried out as factorial in randomized complete block design with four replicates during 2006-2007 at Khomein national bean research station.Factor (A) included five different rhizobium strains(L-216, L-120 ,L-39, L-58 and L-109),with nitrogen fertilizer(100 kg N ha-1) and control(without inoculation and fertilizer) and Factor (B) included three red bean varieties(Akhtar , Goli and D81083 line).The analysis of variance showed that rhizobium treatments were significantly effective on plant height and pod per plant, varieties were significantly effective on number of days to maturity, number of days to flowering, plant height,100 grains weight,pod per plant, grains per pod, grains per plant,grain yield and N concentration.Interaction between rhizobium strains and varieties were significantly effective on pod per plant and green area percentage.The maximum yield obtained from L-120 rhizobium strain(2950 kg ha-1),but there was no significant difference between treatments. The maximum grain yield were obtained from interaction between L-39 rhizobium strain and Goli variety (3190 kg ha- 1),L-120 rhizobium strain and Akhtar variety (2692 kg ha-1) and L-58 rhizobium strain and D81083 line(2678 kg ha-1).

Development and evaluation of boom automizer sprayer to control sunn pests in wheat production.

2009

Safari, Mahmud; Hedayati Pur, Abu Al-Fazl; Gerami, Karim; Haq Shenas, Mahdi

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Spraying is one of the important operations in wheat production .If operation performes properly; the yield per hectare will be increase. The farmers use Lance sprayers, Micronair sprayers and Automizer sprayers to control sunn pests. In this study a boom automizer sprayer was developed and compared with conventional sprayers for removing of sunn pests in wheat production .The treatments included boom automizer sprayer, Lance sprayer, Automizer sprayer, and Micronair sprayer. Format of experimental design was Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) in three replications. Results showed that Boom automizer sprayer with 96.3% was more effective than other sprayers in terms of removing the sunn pests in 5% and 1% confidence levels. There was no significant different between sprayers in terms of theoretical and effective capacities. but the boom sprayers had the highest field efficiency. There was significant different between sprayers in terms of poisonous solution consumption per hectare and drift in 5% and 1% confidence levels. The highest and the least solution consumption was belong to Lance sprayer (572.2lit/ha) and micronair (11.4 lit/ha) respectively. Uniformity spraying was the best for micronair sprayer. Indeed, Lance sprayer wasn't evaluated because the surface of sensitive papers was wet completely. VMD and NMD were 388 micrometer and 286 micrometeror for micronair sprayer respectively, So Micronair sprayer was more uniform than other sprayers. Percent of crop crushing was low for all sprayers (3% average). Lance sprayer had the more crop crushing in comparison with other sprayers (3.6%). Boom automizer sprayer indicated more covergae and density (droplets per square cm) than other treatments.

crossing among bean (phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes and forming based population.  [2010]

   

Dorri, Hamid Reza
Asadi, Behruz
Iranshahi, Mohammad
Bihamta, Mohammad Reza

Abstract:
This Research was concluted at 2 separated expperiment In the first experiment to create a suitable basis of population genetic diversity such as appropriate includ yield, early maturity and high tolerance to stress some biological and non biological 4-way crosses were used. In this study, four parent Combining Ability Chiti bean that were appropriate, were used. Parents crosses of appropriate agronomic characteristics and adaptation were complementary to each other. Single crosses were carried out in the first and second years. These years for the production of hybrid 6, 1100 There are 95 crosses were the F1 seed pod and 140 respectively. In the third year, the pair F1 hybrid seeds were met so that the hybrid is not common parent. This year, 600 crosses and a total of 71 pod and 102 seeds from 4-way crosses. In the fourth year, seed from crosses in specific blocks were planted to four-way crosses of F2 generation is the result. Second experiment conducted in order to qualitative and quantitative genetic analysis of bean estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific (SCA) analysis of dialel and white beans with 6 parents Griffing's method 2 model (half Dyall). Tested in a randomized complete block design with 2 replications was performed. Traits evaluated included plant height, phenology stages (V4, 6 R and R9), plant growthe type, grain weight per plant, seed number, pods per plant, 100 seed weight and seed number per pod.

Selection in segregated population of beans  [2010]

   

Dorri, Hamid Reza
Kushki, Mohammad Hasane
Ghaffari khaligh, Hossein
Lak, Mohammad Reza
Asadi, Behrouz

Abstract:
Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most important puleses in the nutritional and economic properties at the world. Choosing the best lines with high-yield product, yield components, growth period, market, ideotipe, some expriments were conducted since 2005 for 4 years in three stations, Karaj Khomein and Boroujerd. 28 mass of F3 generation from single cross and the three-way crosses were evaluated by pedigree methodand the selection for F4 and F5 generations was a single plant and for F6 a line(relative),respectively. Evaluated Traits for F4 and F5, including plant type, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of branches, plant height, marketing, form of plant, 100 seed weight and yield per plant and for F6 phenology traits were also measured. In each generation, factor analysis method for the selection of appropriate traits were used simultaneously. Finally, 15 and 8 Chitti, red and white bean lines were selected in the Khomein and Borujerd stations based on yield and good agronomic traits.

Improving the yield of inoculated common bean using supplementary N-fertilizers

2009

Asadi Rahmani, Hadi; Khodshenas, Mohammad Ali; Hemati, Akbar; Kalhor, Manochehr; Mehnatkesh, Abdol Mohammad; Tokasi, Mohammad

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Field experiments were conducted for evaluation the effect of amount and methods of application of complmentary nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and nitrogen fixation of common bean for two years in Markazi, Fars, Zanjan, Chahar mahal o Bakhtiyari and Lorestan provinces. In each province two rhizobium strains which had high nitrogen-fixing performance were used. In Markazi province, strains Rb-116 and Rb-133; in Fars, strains Rb-114 and Rb-147; in Zanjan, strains Rb-117 and Rb-136; in Chahar mahal, strains Rb-111 and Rb-123 and in Lorestan, strains Rb-130 and Rb-133 were used. Thirteen treatments of the study in four replications were arranged in a randimised complete block design. For each strain a combination with one of the following amount and/or method on N fertilizer application was used. I) 20 kg N ha-1 at planting time. II) Foliar spraying of 3 urea solution at flowering time. III) 20 kg N ha-1 at planting time in addition with foliar spraying of 3 urea solution at flowering time. IV) 40 kg N ha-1 at planting time. V) 40 kg N ha-1 at planting time in addition with foliar spraying of 3 urea solution at flowering time. The experiment was also including inoculation with each strain alone and a blank treatment without inoculation. The results showed that treatments had significant effects on growth and yield of common bean. Inoculation improved most of the measured growth factors and in the cases that there was a N-deficiency in the soil, application of complimentary N-fertilizer increased strains efficiency and improved growth and yield of plants.

Selection in segregated population of beans  [2010]

   

Dorri, Hamid Reza
Kushki, Mohammad Hasane
Ghaffari khaligh, Hossein
Lak, Mohammad Reza
Asadi, Behrouz

Abstract:
Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most important puleses in the nutritional and economic properties at the world. Choosing the best lines with high-yield product, yield components, growth period, market, ideotipe, some expriments were conducted since 2005 for 4 years in three stations, Karaj Khomein and Boroujerd. 28 mass of F3 generation from single cross and the three-way crosses were evaluated by pedigree methodand the selection for F4 and F5 generations was a single plant and for F6 a line(relative),respectively. Evaluated Traits for F4 and F5, including plant type, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of branches, plant height, marketing, form of plant, 100 seed weight and yield per plant and for F6 phenology traits were also measured. In each generation, factor analysis method for the selection of appropriate traits were used simultaneously. Finally, 15 and 8 Chitti, red and white bean lines were selected in the Khomein and Borujerd stations based on yield and good agronomic traits.

Morphophysiological evaluation of Hordeum vulgare germplasms in gene bank for drought tolerance  [2011]

   

Shahmoradi, Shakiba
Mir Hosseini, Mohammad Reza
Abdi, Hasan
Shafaadin, Sakineh
Yusefi, Ahmad
Agha Alikhani, Mohammad

Abstract:
In order to evaluate the effects of water deficit stress in barley germplasm collection of National Gene Bank of Iran, 277 morphotypes collected from 11 arid and semi arid provinces of in Iran were studied in two environments including: non-stressed and water deficit stress. As it was expected, results shown that all morphotypes were well adapted to drought conditions and comparing to the samples, they were tolerant or semi tolerant. Barley morphotypes from Khozestan, Markazi and Kerman had the highest stress tolerance index. This result improves the importance of genetic resources in breeding programs. Based on potential and stress yield, morphotypes from Khozestan, Markazi, Kerman, Booshehr and Esfahan were in A group. 25 more tolerant morphotype and 4 sample cultivar were selected for regional evaluation in four stress conditions including: normal irrigated (Karaj), moderate stress (Karaj), intermediate stress (Varamin) and severe stress condition (Yazd) Drought tolerance and susceptibility indices were calculated and morphotypes were ranked based on each one. Stress intensity (SI) was 0.23 in moderate stress condition, 0.41 in intermediate stress and 0.95 in severe stress condition. Tolerant and susceptible indices for genotypes were evaluated in water deficit conditions. Based on correlation coeficiences GMP and STI were better indicators than the indices.

Study On The Effect Of Diets Containing Salvia (m.p) On Product And Mortality Rate Of Broiler Chicken

2001

Asadi,Nematollah; Hosseiny,S.D.; Amin, Gh.; Towhidian, M.T.

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In this study, in order to determine the effects of using spearmiut (Mentha piperitha) in the broilers ration, 1000 day-old chicks in thefrom of 10 treatmellts and each treatment with 4 replication in 40 differellt boxes were disributed. The chicks of each box were weighted at the beginning of breeding period. The rates ofspearmint in diet along with drug and without drug were 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 kgspe. All the information regarding the daily numbers of chicks , Feed consumption per day , monality , etc. Were recorded. At the end of the staner , grower and finisher periods the chicks of each box were weighted . At the end of each period the information about the average daily gain (ADO) average of daily feed cOllSumption , feed conversion and monality by taking into account the day chickin each box was computed. At the end of breeding preiod above information in the form of factorial arrangment was analysed base Randomizedcomplete block design with statistical package MSTATC. The results Showed that daily weight gain, feed conversion coefiiciellt and monality difference between difference treatments and witness treatment variance was significent (P %5).

Preparation of the Flora of provinces of Iran  [2011]

   

Jamzad, Ziba

Abstract:
The floristic studies and identification of the plant species in different provinces of Iran will provide essential data for different research subjects associated with plants and natural resources. Referring to the research project titled "collection and identification of the flora of different provinces of Iran and development of provincial herbaria which was executed in two phases" in a period of 10 years, valuable data were provided about the flora and vegetation of provinces. The results should have been classified, arranged and published in the format of flora to be available to researchers, students and conservationists. The preparation of provincial floras project was defined to be executed in the following provinces: East Azaerbayjan, Hamadan, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Loresta and Qhazvin in 1384 and in the next year (1385) for Markazi, Esfahan and Khorasan. The floristic list of each province was prepared based on the new collections and identification of species in each of the mentioned herbaria, different floras, the Iranian Journal of Botany and thesis concerning floristic and vegetation studies. The families and genera of each province were listed and the identification keys were prepared for families, then genera and species in different plant families. The species are provided with a description, geographical distribution in the province and in Iran. In each province the endemic species of Iran and those specific to the province were identified.

Investigation on some range plants adaptation in in step area of Markazi provience  [2010]

   

Mirdavoodi, Hamid Reza

Abstract:
The adaptation of 6 plant species was studied. The research was carried out in a split plot experiment based on complete block design with 3 replications, for three years, (2008-2010) in Khoshkrod's floodwater of Zarandieh. The annual mean rainfall at the station of floodwater is about 234.8 mm and the soil texture is loamy with electric conductivity about 0.8-1.3 desi zimense per meter and PH about 8. The method of cultivation was planting with 2.5 meter each other in December 1 and in March 30. Result showed that the Kochia prostrate was survived successfully with 76.9% that highest amount between species, and the minimum of survival was recorded in Halimion verrucifera, there was the maximum survival content (63.5%) was recorded in second years and there was. Significant difference between years. In case of cover percentage and freshness characters, result showed that the highest cover (1.875%) and freshness (2.137) was achieved in Kochia prostrate and the less cover (0.16%) and freshness (0.181) was obtained from Halimion verrucifera, However there was significant difference between species. The MS of cover and freshness in different years showed that there was significant difference between them. The results showed that there was significant difference between them.

Assessment, Completion and Development of Prediction Model for Determining Susceptiblity of Lands to Gully Erosion Arid and amp; Semi _Arid Watersheds  [2011]

   

Shadfar, Samad
Sepanji, Abdollah
Peyrovan, Hamidreza
khalkhali, Ali
Jafari Ardakani, Ali
Ghiasi, Najafqoli
Tabatabae, Mahmodreza
Arabkhedri, Mahmud
Sharifi, Esmail
Sarreshtehdari, Amir

Abstract:
In this research gully erosion in arid and semiarid watersheds, for retesting and revalidation were investigated in Kahkiloeh- Boyerahmad , Boshahr ,Gilan, Gom, Markazi provinces . Therefor, with investigation of gully distribution in provinces, was selected watersheds for research. In selected watersheds several maps including landuse, Lithology , landunits, and slope were prepared from which working units were extracted. In working units was recognized 3 specific gullies. In each working unit, several soil profile were drilled from which soil samples were taken and analized in order to determination of soil characteristics. The morphometic chractristics of Gullies were investigated with gully survey. In each working unit, soil peneteration condition and soil conservation percent were investigated. After determination of factors, related quantity values were determined. Finally the map of gully erosion were prepared using index overlay model, fuzzy algebraic sum, fuzzy algebra product and fuzzy gamma in Gis. On the basis of obtaind result and with taken into consideration of different zoning area and occurance of their gullies, the fuzzy gamma model of 0/8 is the more proper method to investigation of gully erosion in studied watershed.

Investigation of Storm Event Instantaneous Unit Sediment Graph Relationship with Rainfall Characteristics  [2008]

   

Javad Varvani
Hakimkhani, Shahrokh
Agharazi, Heshmatollah
Ebrahimi, Naderqoli

Abstract:
Application of Instantaneous unit sediment graph (IUSG) as one of the methods for predicting sediment graph of flood events needs estimation of storage coefficient (Ks), dimensionless shape factor (ns), time to peak (tp) and instantaneous sediment supply. Investigation of relationships between the mentioned parameters and rainfall and water discharge characteristics could facilitates use of IUSG in ungaged drainage basins. In this research concurrent flow and sediment discharge of five flood events in Poledouab hydrometric station that located on Gharacahy River, Markazi Province of Iran monitored in hourly periods. IUSG parameters calculated using observed sediment graphs and rainfall hyetographs, and their relationship investigated with excess rainfall and peak water discharge of flood events. The results showed that correlation coefficient (r2) of power regression equation between Ks and rainfall excess is greater than that of peak flow (0.79 and 0.42). Dimensionless shape factor of ns showed statistically weak relationship with rainfall excess and peak flow (r2=0.13). But its ratio to time to peak of sediment graph (ns/tp) resulted in statistically meaningful relationship with the rainfall excess and peak flow (respectively 0.85 and 0.67 of r2)

Survey agronomic and environmental effects on wheat root and crown rot severity and estimated economic damage in the central province  [1383]

   

Ghalandari, M.
Kalaie, A.

Abstract:
Without English abstract.

Evaluation of the role of land managment in soil erosion.  [2001]

   

Ebrahimi, Nadergoli
Gandomkargalhari, Akbar
Poormatin, Afshin
Davodirad, Ali Akbar
Godosi, Jamal

Abstract:
Factors that intlunces the amount of soil erosion are including : energy , resistivity and canservation. 1. Factors relaed to energy which caused erasion , are abality of rainfall, runoff anf wind. This abaJity so-called evasion power. 2. Major factOrs relative to resistivity are of soil erosivity are including phgsical , chemical properties of\\oil infiltration capacity and soil management. 3. Factors related to conservation are included: population prsssure suitibility over land, planet cover ( farming plant, pasture and farest) sutibility of land (high exploition from land) and so on , that depends to land management . Two factors of energy and resistivity are out of the human control, but the operations of soil conservation need to be management that is effective in lass erasion. on the nasis of this investigation the utilization map of the area were prepared, and them the amount of erosion and sediment in each land type were determined using musle and mpsiac models. The most detractive land from in each land use type also were recognized and finalJy the differnces of the amount of erosion in land units with different methods were analized

The evaluation of quantity and quality charactristics of Golpayegani bull semen.  [1999]

   

Masihi, Saeid Reza

Abstract:
This study was conducted to evaluation of quantity and quality of Golpayegany semen bull. Ejaculats were collected from each of 4 buH using artificial vagina. Tow ejucalates were obtained on one day per wk for 24 wk from 4 Golpayegany bulls aged 24 and 30 months. The successive efaculates collected at a 15 min interval and were',diluted in an egg yolk- citrate medium. sample wer examined in itially and after postfreezing storage in liquid nitrogen for 1 month , then thwing and _examined Results indicate. Tow years old bulls were better than tree years old in ejaculation The mean of volume, pH, motility, concenthation spermatazoa, dead spermatazoa abnormal semen in the order was: 3.56, 6.55, 60% , 718*106 and 10.3% , 8.7%. the effect of frezzing on aJl factOrs was significant (P . /0) but concentration of spermatazoa nor sigruf1cont. The effect of freezing of all factors was signigicant (P • /0). Corola tion equation between ejuculation and other factors with the exception of PH, concentration and dead spermatozoa was significant.

The evaluation of quantity and quality charactristics of Golpayegani bull semen.  [1999]

   

Masihi, Saeid Reza

Abstract:
This study was conducted to evaluation of quantity and quality of Golpayegany semen bull. Ejaculats were collected from each of 4 buH using artificial vagina. Tow ejucalates were obtained on one day per wk for 24 wk from 4 Golpayegany bulls aged 24 and 30 months. The successive efaculates collected at a 15 min interval and were',diluted in an egg yolk- citrate medium. sample wer examined in itially and after postfreezing storage in liquid nitrogen for 1 month , then thwing and _examined Results indicate. Tow years old bulls were better than tree years old in ejaculation The mean of volume, pH, motility, concenthation spermatazoa, dead spermatazoa abnormal semen in the order was: 3.56, 6.55, 60% , 718*106 and 10.3% , 8.7%. the effect of frezzing on aJl factOrs was significant (P . /0) but concentration of spermatazoa nor sigruf1cont. The effect of freezing of all factors was signigicant (P • /0). Corola tion equation between ejuculation and other factors with the exception of PH, concentration and dead spermatozoa was significant.

Measurment of erosion and runoff in standard plots for evaluation of universal soil loss equation.  [1999]

   

Agarazi, Heshmatolla
Godosi, Jamal
Pormatin, Afshin

Abstract:
Universal soil loss equation which is contain of six factor rainfall erosion (R) , Soil erodibility (K)\} Length slope (L), Slop percent (S) . Canopy cover (C) and . protection' measures J has been obtained in climUle of U.SA by wichmeier and smith . Since this equation is 'used for estimation of erosion rate in Iran, It is necessary to study aboUl value of soil' loss in this equation and in flew measures and contrasting between them. TIle aim of this project is stUdy about some factors of the equation such as effect of thirty minutes: rainfall intensity on erosion. . The method of perfonnance of this project is as follow. There were four piece of land with the slop of 9, 15, 20\} 25 percent in the place of perfonnance of project and each slope had three treatment J crop\} pasture and tillage in three replicate during each rainfall, the value of runof and sediments ill treatment and their repelicatio11S have been collected nad thd rate of sediments have been measured. obtained results show that erosion rate and soil loss that have estimated by U.S.L.E withowt any exception are more than field value measures and at least should adjust in the proportion of means that has given in table 8.

Field trails with trivalent inactivated vaccine against colibacillosis in poultry.  [2011]

   

Khaki, Pejvak
Poorbaksh, Seyed Ali
Akavizadegan, Mohammad Ali
Moradiyehebidhandi, Soheyla
Banani, Mansoor
Japardar, Javad

Abstract:
Escherichia coli septicaemia or colibacillosis is a serious disease which generally occurs in poultry and which is responsible for considerable losses. In Iran the most common serotypes of E.coli associated with colibacillosis in poultry are O1, O2 and O6. Little is known of the virulence factors which play a role in the pathogenesis of the colibacillosis in poultry. Although many different attachments fimbriae or pili have been described in E.coli, F1 and F11 are the most important. Up till now, there exist no vaccines, offering both a good and broad protection against the wide range of pathogenic avian E.coli. Therefore the multivalent vaccine with F1 and F11 fimbriae may provide good protection against colibacillosis in poultry. The main aim of this research project was the field trails with trivalent inactivated vaccine (with F1 and F11 fimbriae) against colibacillosis in poultry. The vaccine including serorypes O1, O2 and O6 with both F1 and F11 fimbriae were provided. All quality control tests including sterility, safety and potency were performed. Two commercial boiler farms in Arak (No=10000) and Hashtgerd (No=30000) were selected for vaccination by the provided vaccine. Chickens were vaccinated once subcutaneously at 12 days of age with dose of approximately 2x109 cells in 0.3 ml. The chickens were analyzed for colibacillosis for 45 days. The mortality of the vaccinated chickens was recorded.

Study of resistance to BCMV in bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris) and provide based population to produce resistant cultivars.  [2011]

   

Dorri, Hamid Reza
Shahraeen, Nooh
Ghanadha, Mohammad Reza

Abstract:
Bean common mosaic virus was first reported in USA in 1917. Since then the virus has distributed worldwide and causes a high economic damage by reducing yield and quality of harvested product. On the basis of results of this research Goli (resistant), Derakhshan (resistant), Naz (susceptible) and Akhtar (susceptible) bean varieties were crossed[(Goli Χ Naz), (Derakhshan Χ Naz), (Goli Χ Derakhshan) and (Naz Χ Akhtar)]. All four crosses were extended by other generations-F1, F2, backcrosses to establish four families. Four separate experiments were carried out in RCB design with 3 replications in greenhouse condition. Inoculation was accomplished two weeks after sowing and sampling for ELISA test was performed 3 weeks after inoculation. Study on the inheritance of resistance to BCMV using generation mean analysis, indicated that additive components and epistasis ([i] and [l]) play a major role in these crosses. Average broadsense heritabilities were 0.64 to 0.85 and for narrowsense heritabilities were 0.53 to 0.82. These data showed importance of additive components for these traits. Narrowsense heritabilities in cross between (Derakhshan Χ Naz) was 0.82 that showed importance of additive components for this cross. The general result showed that additive components was important in genetic control of resistance to BCMV. Therefore selection is important and efficient for higher resistance. Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris, Bean common mosaic virus, Generation mean analysis

Determination of the best planting date and plant density in promising chiti bean lines.  [2012]

   

Ghadiry, Adel
Modarres Najaf abadi, Seyed Saeid
Sarlak, Abolghasem
Iranshahi, Mohammad

Abstract:
In order to determine the best planting date and plant density on promising lines of Chitti bean, an experiment was conducted as split split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications, during the years 2009 and 2010 , in Khomein National bean Research Station . Planting date on three levels, including 22 May, 5 June and 20 June in the main plot, the Chitti bean lines in the three levels , including Ks-21189, Ks-21191 and Ks-21193 in the sub plot and plant density in four levels including 35 plants/m2 , 40 plants/m2 , 45 plants/m2 and 50 plants/m2 in sub-sub plot , were conducted.results showed that the difference between the Chitti bean lines and plant densities in grain yield at 5% probability level and the different between planting date of this treatment at 1% probability level were significant. Ks-21189 line with an average grain yields of 2816 kg/ ha, compared to the other lines showed their superiority. Also the density of 45 plants per/m2, with 2941 kg /ha, was the highest value in this trait between the densities applied to this experiment. Among the various dates of sowing, planting date of 5 June, with a mean grain yield of 3249 kg /ha , was the best in this respect. The interaction of cultivar and planting date on grain yield was significant at 1% probability level . However most of these traits in all three lines were obtained from the planting date of 5 June ,but the seed yield was decreased.

Evaluation of yield comparision and adaptability degree of Chiti bean lines.  [2012]

   

Asadi, Behrouz
koshki, Mohammad hasan
kamel, Masoud
Modares Najaf Abadi, Seyed Saeid
Sarlak, Abolgasem
Astaraki, Hosein
Oohedi, Ali Reza

Abstract:
In orther to study of yield comparision and stability of Chitti bean lines,this experiment was conducted with 14 lines and local check(Khomain) in RCBD for three years (2008-2010) in three location ( Khomain, Borujerd and zanjan). After the land preparation was created rows 50 cm from each other. Seeds of each lines were planted on 5 row of 3 meter length. Plant spacing on rows 10 cm was considered. During the growth and development in addition to crop protection, also flowering, maturity, plant form, yield and yield component traits was taking notes. In each location simple ANOVA and combined ANOVA for three years were implemented. KS21191, KS21676 and KS21193 had the highest grain yield in Khomain location. The highest grain yield obtained from KS21682, KS21676, KS21666 and KS21191 in Borujerd location. Also in Zanjan location KS21682, KS21193 and KS21191 had the highest grain yield. KS21682, KS21676, KS21191 and KS21193 had the highest grain yield in three location and were desirable line for introduction. KEY WORD: lines, Chiti bean, yield comparisio

Study and evaluation of floral morphology of the Saveh pomegranates collection.  [2012]

   

Basaki, Tayebe
Tabatabaei, Zeialdin
Faraji, Sakine
MirEskandari, Seyed Ali

Abstract:
we investigated some aspects of the floral morphology of 202 pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) accessions representing 22 province of Iran, belonging to pomegranate collection of Saveh in this study. The study was carried out in 2010 and 2011. Twenty-five flowers were taken from each genotype and analyzed in the first and second week of May in both years. One of the important traits studied was the type of flower (hermaphrodite or male) in different genotypes. The importance of this aspect is underlined by the fact that only hermaphrodite flowers produce fruit. Our results showed that, the "Khorasan-Razavi" genotypes had the highest rate of hermaphrodite flowers and therefore can be considered in pomegranate breeding programs for identification of suitable parents to produce hybrid varieties. Also, the results showed a significant relationship between flower size and fruit size. Results, in addition to use in breeding program can be considered in the germpelasm management strategies in pomegranate. Keywords: pomegranate, floral morphology, hermaphrodite flower

Effect of Long day photoperiod and cooling time on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lilium LA hybrid cv CEB Dazzle.  [2010]

   

Mirzakhani, Abbas
Naderi, Roh angize
Arabi, Amir

Abstract:
A series of experiments were conducted for study of interaction of bulb vernalization and shoot long day photoperiod treatments on Lilium LA hybrid cv. 'Ceb Dazzle' in Mahallat Ornamental Research Station. The Experiment was conducted as Factorial with 2 factores, cold duration (factor A with 4 level) and long day treatment (factor B with 4 level). Long day treatment was carried out after shoot emerging when shoot length reached to 15 cm., as night breaking from 10 PM to 2 AM. Results showed that in Lilium LA hybrid 'Ceb Dazzle', time between bulb planting to anthesis was reduced with increasing of cold treatment. Bulbs that received no cold, could not produced flower.With increasing of cold duration, flower number and plant height were increased and leaf number was decreased. At least 4 week colds were required for 100% flowering. Our results showed that shoot long day photoperiod had not significant effects on vegetative and reproductive characterestics. Interaction of bulb vernalization and shoot photoperiod had significant effect at 5% on time between emergence to flowering. In this cultivar long day (LD) couldnot replace to bulb vernalization. At least 4 weeks cold were required for flowering. Key words:,Photoperiod, Lilium, Long day, Vernalization,

Study on the effect of different levels of Iron and Manganese on quality and quantity characteristics of tuberose (Pollianthes tuberosa L.)  [2013]

   

khalaj, Mohammad Ali
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh

Abstract:
In order to study on the effect of Iron and Manganese on quality and quantity characteristics, 2 years Field experiment was conducted with 12 treatments and 3 replications at factorial in the basic of complete randomized block design. 4 levels of Iron (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg.ha-1 Iron from Iron sulfate) and 3 levels of Manganese (0, 10, 20 kg.ha-1 Manganese from Manganese sulfate) as first and 2nd. factors, respectively. Results, showed that the effect of Iron on flower height, panicle length, stem diameter, floret length, floret number, flower wet and dry weight, corm number, corm wet and dry weight, vase life, open floret percentage, iron and manganese concentration of shoot, iron and manganese concentration of root (corm) were significant. The effect of Manganese on flower height, panicle length, stem diameter, floret length, floret number, flower wet and dry weight, corm number, corm wet and dry weight, vase life, open floret percentage, iron and manganese concentration of shoot, iron and manganese concentration of root (corm) were significant. Data showed that the interaction of Manganese and Iron on flower wet and dry weight, corm wet and dry weight, vase life, open floret percentage, iron and manganese concentration of shoot, iron and manganese concentration of root (corm) were significant.

Evaluation of biological and molecular characteristics of carnation etched ring virus.  [2012]

   

Bayat, Hossein
Talebi, Hamid
Shahrain, Nouh

Abstract:
Carnation is one of the main products of cut flowers in Iran. This plant is attacked by various viruses. These viruses reduce the plant vigorous and reduce production efficiency. One of these specific viruses that cause delay in flowering carnation and decreasing of flowers production with high quality to be carnation etched ring virus. In order to evaluation of biological characteristics and distribution of this virus in the Mahallat area, sampling was conducted in carnation greenhouses. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, using specific antiserum CERV and CarMV with DAS-ELISA test were studied. Only samples that were infected with the CERV were inoculated to suitable indicator plants. The results on the distribution of the virus showed that 75% of samples collected from eight greenhouses in three different seasons of the year were infected with the virus. The results also showed that the samples collected were infected with CarMV. Severity of infection in samples with mixed infection with CarMV was lower that samples that were infected only with CERV. Different variety of carnation don't have significantly difference in diseases severity. Key words: CERV, CarMV, DAS_ELISA, Distribution, serology

Bulb mite Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin), Acari: Acaridae control on the gladiulus corm with disinfection of corms and by the predatory mite, Hypoaspis aculeifer.  [2013]

   

Hosseini Nia, Asghar
Arbabi, Masud
Baradaran, Parvaneh
Banijamali, Sayd Mohamad

Abstract:
Gladiolus is one of ornamental plants and one of the major cut flowers in Iran. Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin), (Astigmata: Acaridae) is one of the important pest of Gladiolus corms in Mahallat and Khomin. Disinfestations and mite predator release are 2 methods of control against this pest. So this project preformed in 24 treatments and 3replication in randomized complete block design. Disinfestations treatments (corms were soaked in poison solution for 25 minute) include: 1, 2 &3- abamectin (0.4, 0.8 , 1.2 ml/lit); 4, 5 & 6- ethion ( 1, 1.5, 2ml/lit); 7, 8 & 9- fenazaquin (0.5, 1, 1.5 ml/lit); 10, 11 &12- hot water (45 ° C for 25, 50 and 75 min.); 13, 14 & 15- release treatments of predator mite Hypoaspis (Gaeolaelaps) aculeifer (Canestrini),(Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) 10, 20 and 30 predator for every 100 Gladiolus bulb(infested with bulb mites); 16, 17 & 18- release of 100, 250 and 500 predator mites in square meters fifteen days after planting; 19, 20 &21- tap water control (30 ° C for 25, 50 and 75 min.);22- hot water (45 ° C for 25min) and release 10 predator for every 100 Gladiolus bulb; 23- hot water (45 ° C for 25min) and release of 100 predator mites in 1m2 ; 24- hot water (45 ° C for 25min) and release 10 predator for every 100 Gladiolus bulb with and release of 100predator mites in 1m2 15 day after planting. 150 Corms were considered and infestation of corms was estimated.

Simultaneous control of powdery mildew and rose spider mites by neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss).  [2013]

   

Hossini Nia, Asgar
Purmatin, Rashin

Abstract:
Rose by more than 546 hectares of cultivated area is one of the top priorities in the production and creation of urban parks and green spaces in Iran. Rose powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa var. Rosae) and spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch and T. cinnabarinus Biosduval) are the most important factors causing rose damage. To control these factors and to reduce the environmental risks, substances should be used to control both factors causing damage. The results showed that Neem seed oil is most effective for the control of both the agent causing the damage. Based on joint research - extension in a randomized complete block design with three treatments (1 - Neem Oil 83/0%, 2- one percent Neem oil, 3 - control wet down 4 - the farmer condition. Sprayed with 10 repetitions each 10 meters in two separate greenhouse in 1390) were performed. The results showed that all treatments with two greenhouses were significantly different with 95% probability. Concentration of 0.83% Neem oil showed 97.80% mortality on mites and 90.51% reduction in powdery mildew in the first greenhouse. And Concentration of 1% Neem oil showed 96.24% mortality on mites and 98.72% reduction in powdery mildew in the second greenhouse. According to the results, both concentrations of Neem oil have the ability to control mites and powdery mildew of roses. But application of Neem seed oil at a concentration of one percent, the highest effect on mites and powdery mildew causing.

Survay of body traits and milkproduction Correlation in Golpaygani native Cows.  [1999]

   

Heyali, Sahab
Gorbani, Golam Reza
Masihi, Saeid Reza

Abstract:
For evaluating correlation among tratis body and milk production in the heifer Golbagini native. aim selective good heifer and culling Bad heifer, in this study thirty FamelCalf after brith until two months by two kilo gram whole milk nutrited. From Second and thirdweek they also were Feed Freely with Alfa- Alfa and concentrate nUtrited . After two months calves were transmited to the area of e:h-periment. The rationutrients were vequlated according to average weight and wer feed by calves in the three male by day The calves were weighted every months and in the age 6- 12 and 18 months metric body a like heigh weither body length, circumference chest, heigh hip and length famong two bone hip mesurmented. Result: mean weight brh 14,96= 1.98 , mean weight six month 73:t: 14 , mean weight 12 month 142, 7:t 21, 9 , mean weight 16 month 199.3 :t: 29.9 , mean age first heat 391.2:t 55.2 days mean age Insemination 565.7:t: 129.7 days, mean weight Insemination 189.3 .:t: 42.9 K.gr, mean Total milk production 437.9 :t: 416.5kg , mean perecent fat 4.5 :t 1.9 mean period laction 135.9:t: 113.40

An investigation on the effect of hybrid vigour on Carcass characteristeis of crossing between montain(Eraghi) and farahani sheep.‎  [1995]

   

Hoseini, Seayd Davoud
Asadi
Mirzaeei, Saraf Ali
Jafariyehe Ahangari
Monem
Esmaeili

Abstract:
Wold wide there are many handereds of breed of sheep , some predominantly specialized for wool production, some for sheep meat, and yet others for milk. many breeds are self - contained , but a certian amount of crossbreeding is carried out , particulary between breeds specialized for different functions in order to achieve complementarity by combining the merits in the hybrid off spring. In this study, the crossbreeding carried out between two spicies of sheep, wild (mountain) sheep and Domestic (farahani) sheep by artificial insemination. For this mean, firsty The semen collected from mountain rams by using Electro - ejaculator and stimulating of the nerev plexus near the pelvic genitalia using a rectal electrode (probe) Then the collected semen was examinated to determin sperm concentration and to calculate dilution rate and volume of inseminate appropriate to the method of insemination The ewes were synchronized inEstrus , using lomg I day progetron in tramusiulary for 14 days The occurrence of oestrus was determined by teaser ram , then diluting semen was inseminated intracervically . for this mean, the cervix was located using an illuminated speculum and the seme deposited intQ the first cervical fold . The results of study is 17 hybrid off springs with 3.8 kg birth weight, diferent colours and thin fiber with 13 J.L in diameter, high daily growth and without tail fat

Study of viral and bacterial agents of enzootic pneumonia in Arak city.  [1999]

   

Gaemmagami, Shamsodin
Rohaniyehekaregar
Ahoraeei, Parvis
Niromand, Hojatolla

Abstract:
Calf pneumonia is a common dissease in farms and co uses economic looses every year. because the effect of this disorder on a vital organ (lung) different problems such as decrease in growth, mal production and sometimes death may occures. Various factores corporate occurrence of disease, from those viruses (IBR, PI3, BRSV, BRD, ...) and bacteria (Pasteurella, Haemoplilus, ...) are important. in order to detection of causal agents in Arak city 100 serum samples (in pairs) collected from calves with respiratory defects, 63 nasal swab samples were examined for identification of antibodies or isolation of viruse- in addition 97 lung tissue samples collected from slaughter house were examined pathologically and bacteriologicalJy Serological survey in dicated contamination wiht IBR and P13 in %24 and %6 of serum samples respectively. virus didn't isolate from swab samples, bacteria such as pasteurella, Pseudomonas, staphylococcus and streptococcus isolated from lungs with histopathologic igns.

Effect of Long day photoperiod and cooling time on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lilium LA hybrid cv CEB Dazzle.  [2013]

   

Mirzakhani, Abbas
Arabi, Amir
Naderi, Roh angize

Abstract:
A series of experiments were conducted for study of interaction of bulb vernalization and shoot long day photoperiod treatments on Lilium LA hybrid cv. 'Ceb Dazzle' in Mahallat Ornamental Research Station. The Experiment was conducted as Factorial with 2 factores, cold duration (factor A with 4 level) and long day treatment (factor B with 4 level). Long day treatment was carried out after shoot emerging when shoot length reached to 15 cm., as night breaking from 10 PM to 2 AM. Results showed that in Lilium LA hybrid 'Ceb Dazzle', time between bulb planting to anthesis was reduced with increasing of cold treatment. Bulbs that received no cold, could not produced flower.With increasing of cold duration, flower number and plant height were increased and leaf number was decreased. At least 4 week colds were required for 100% flowering. Our results showed that shoot long day photoperiod had not significant effects on vegetative and reproductive characterestics. Interaction of bulb vernalization and shoot photoperiod had significant effect at 5% on time between emergence to flowering. In this cultivar long day (LD) couldnot replace to bulb vernalization. At least 4 weeks cold were required for flowering. Key words:,Photoperiod, Lilium, Long day, Vernalization

The survry of milk capacity in Golpaigani cows.  [1997]

   

Hayali, Sahab
Gorbani, Golam Reza
Masihi, Saeid Reza

Abstract:
Into study production capacity and food conversion in the Golpaygani cows in this experiment twenty two cows randomly were selected. Before one week to calving cows to place calve transmited in the place calve all cows equal conditions. After calving cows five days into place calve stilled after than weight measured to the box transmited in the place experiment acording live weight and milk production and percent fat nutrient ratio regulared . mater nutrient were weighted after than by three male gave. In this study milking by hand milking method. Aim of this study production capacity and food conversion Golpayegani cows. The result of the experiment areas follows: 1 _ Average milk production in the duration tlaction 13325 kg 2 - Average weight 248 kg 3 - Average daily production 4.78 kg 4 - Average duration of laction 276.8 days 5 _ average milk production in the duration. of lactation acording %4 fat 1553.6 kg 6 - average daily production acording %4 fat 5.6 kg 7 - Average percent fat in the duration of laction %5.15 8 - Average daily food in the duration of laction 6.9 kg 9 _ average crude protion for milk production in the duration of of laction 147 kg 10 - Average nel for milk production in the duration of laction 1190 Meal

Sarveyon Infectious bronchitis (IB) in Arak poultry farms by Histopalogical Investigation and Isolation farm suspected cases.‎  [2000]

   

NIromand, Hojatolla
Ahoraei, Parviz
Bakshsh, Mehran
Masuodi, Shahin
Jorablo, Gasem

Abstract:
Infection bronchitis is one of the umportant viral disease that occurs in poultry. Forms . in factious agent of disease causes different disorders such as respiratory problems, mal production and mortality in affected farms. Because clinical signs of this disease isn't putigenomic and may procuce with other viral agents as Newcastle, influenza and isolation and identification of IB virus from suspected cases is essential in this project serum and tissue samples calletted from 12 suspected farms. Senim samples. Were examined with 111 and tissue samples were inoculated to SPF embryonated egg. No IB IB virus isolated after 3 passages. But influenza IB virus (H9 N2) were isolated from 7 Suspected Farms.

study effect of scale position, time of scale harvest and IBA concentration on bulblet formation in lilium cv. CEB DAZZLE  [2013]

   

Mirzakhani, Abbas
Arabi, Amir
Naderi, Roh angize

Abstract:
A series of experiments were conducted for study of effect of scale position, scale harvesting time and IBA concentration on bulblet regeneration on Lilium LA hybrid cv. 'Ceb Dazzle' in Mahallat Ornamental Research Station. The Experiment was conducted as Factorial with 3 factors, scale position (factor P with 3 levels), IBA concentration (factor G with 3 levels)and harvesting time(factor T with 2 levels). Results showed that scale position has significant effect on bulblets number, weight and diameter at 1%. Also IBA concentration has significant effect on diameter and root number of bulblets. Results showed that the highest number of bulblet produced from outer scales than middle or inner scales. IBA concentration has significant effect at 5% on parameters that measured. The highest number of bulblet was produced at 1000 ppm IBA. The highest number of root produced at bullets from outer and middle scales that received 6 week cold storage. Key words: plant growth regulator, lilium, bulblet, scaling

Investigation of mechanical weeding methods efficiency in bean fields  [2014]

   

Hedayatypour, A.
Ghadiri, A.
Lak, M.R.

Abstract:
In order to comparison of mechanical weeding methods on weeds uprooting, An experiment was established during 2012-2013 at Research Farm of Agricultural and Natural Resourses Reserch Center of Markazi Province. Treatmenta were comparised in Split plot desgine experiment with 3 replications.Tree variaties namely: A1- Cos-16(Bush- type ),A2- Line KS-21189(Intermediate- type) and A3- Sadri(Runner- type) considered as main plots. Sub plots were B1 – Manual weeding, B2- Hoe weeder type with knife blade, B3– Rolling weeder type and B4 – Rotary type weeder. Weeding index, damaged bushes percentage, effective field capacity and required labor for each treatmrments was obtained. Yield and yield components were measured at harvesting time. Economic comparisons was carried out at the end. Results showed in Sadri variety that is prevail variety in markazi province, the highest grain yield and yield component was related to hoe type weeder (p0.05). In relatioin to Cos-16 line(Bush type),Among mechanical weeders, the highest yield grain was related to hoe-type weeder too. Regardless of variety type The least and the highest damaged bush percentage was observed in hoe weeder with knife blades and rolling weeder type respectively. Economic Comparisons of weeding showed that, net benefit of weeding in mechanical weeding methods in comparison with Manual weeding, was 61/080/000, 21/300/000 and 800/000 Rials at treatments of B1,B2 and B3 respectively.

Investigation of mechanical weeding methods efficiency in bean fields  [2014]

   

Hedayatypour, A.
Ghadiri, A.
Lak, M.R.

Abstract:
In order to comparison of mechanical weeding methods on weeds uprooting, An experiment was established during 2012-2013 at Research Farm of Agricultural and Natural Resourses Reserch Center of Markazi Province. Treatmenta were comparised in Split plot desgine experiment with 3 replications.Tree variaties namely: A1- Cos-16(Bush- type ),A2- Line KS-21189(Intermediate- type) and A3- Sadri(Runner- type) considered as main plots. Sub plots were B1 – Manual weeding, B2- Hoe weeder type with knife blade, B3– Rolling weeder type and B4 – Rotary type weeder. Weeding index, damaged bushes percentage, effective field capacity and required labor for each treatmrments was obtained. Yield and yield components were measured at harvesting time. Economic comparisons was carried out at the end. Results showed in Sadri variety that is prevail variety in markazi province, the highest grain yield and yield component was related to hoe type weeder (p0.05). In relatioin to Cos-16 line(Bush type),Among mechanical weeders, the highest yield grain was related to hoe-type weeder too. Regardless of variety type The least and the highest damaged bush percentage was observed in hoe weeder with knife blades and rolling weeder type respectively. Economic Comparisons of weeding showed that, net benefit of weeding in mechanical weeding methods in comparison with Manual weeding, was 61/080/000, 21/300/000 and 800/000 Rials at treatments of B1,B2 and B3 respectively.

Study and yield comparison of lines of white, red and chiti beans ( phaseolus vulgaris L...).  [2004]

   

Ganbari, Ali Akbar
Beyzaei, Esmaeil
Hasani Mehraban, Afshin
Sarlak, Abolghasem
Iranshahi, Mohammad

Abstract:
In order to study and yield comparison of bean lines, this research was conducted in three experiments at the bean research station of KJiomein for two years (2001-2002). In the first experiment, 13 lines of white bean with cv. Daneshkadeh (as check) were considered. In the red beans, 12 lines with two cultivars namely Goli and Sayyad (as checks), and in the chiti beans, 13 lines with two cultivars namely Talash and local Khomein (as checks) were considered. A randomized complete block design with four replications used for each experiment. Results of combined analysis ofvariance were: 1- Study and yield comparison of white bean lines: Lines had significant difference at the 1% level of probability. KS- 411)8 had higher yield than Daneshkadeh. The yield of KS- 41123 was very similar to yield of check. The least grain yield was obtained from KS-41122. 2- Study and yield comparison of red bean lines: Lines were significantly different at the 1% level of probability. The highest grain yield was obtained from Goli, and 6 lines produced higher yields than Sayyad. The least grain yield was related to KS- 31102. 3- Study and yield comparison of chiti bean lines: Lines were significantly different at the 5% level of probability. KS- 21115, KS- 21122, KS- 21114, and KS- 21119 had higher yields than local Khomein. The least grain yields were obtained from K$- 21111 and Talash, respectively.

Evaluation and preliminary comparison of yield of chiti bean (Paseolus vulgaris L.) lines.‎  [2005]

   

Ganbari, Ali Akbar
Sarlak, Abolghasem
Sarlak, , Mohammad Reza
Eranshahi, Mohammad

Abstract:
In order to selection of the best chiti beans (Phaseolus wigar.s-) in aspect to important traits such as grain yield, yield components, commercially, early maturity, plant type etc, an experiment was conducted at the national bean research station of Khomein in 2004. In this research, 186 lines of chiti bean that were selected from segregating families, were studied ,n a no replicated trial. The lines were separately sown in rows and after every 5 lines local Khomein was planted as check cullivar. After achievement of experiment, for evaluation and selection of the best lines, the Histogram drawing method was used. The results showed lhat although Ihe most lines had greater yield than check, but in study of other important traits such as commercially and early maturity were eliminated. Overall, 48 Imes .for evaluation in replicated trials were selected. c. l. aiti bean \{phaseolus wlsarts)' line' yield and yield components, commercially.

Comparision of the effect of neem oil, sulfur and dinocap for simultaneous control rose powdery mildew and rose spider mites under greenhouse conditions.‎  [2005]

   

Hoseininiya, Asgar
Etaati, Maryam
Kazemisiyahoei, Golam Reza
Talebi, Hamid

Abstract:
Rose is one of the most important flowers in landscapes and parks in Iran with 3961278 square meters under cultivation. One disease, powdery mildew, with caused agent Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr) var. rosae and a pest, two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch or T. cinnabarinus (Biosduval) were identified regular source of rose plant damages in glasshouses and landscapes. It is better to solve the problem use that compound not only control the disease and the pest but also reduce biological danger. An investigation carried out with different pesticides properties to control both kinds of injuries on rose. Factorial statistical method in randomizes block design with four replication were chosen. Selected treatments were as follows, Neem (Azadirachta indica Adr, Juss) seed oil (8.3 ml/lit + 0.5 ml /lit Citowett L 100%), Kumlus SUniflow- Thiovit WP 80% (2 ml/lit), dinocap (Karathane) EC 25% (1.5 ml/lit), and checked plot with water application. All treatments used for three times at interval of 10 days. Mean control% recorded for mite mortality and powdery mildew infection found significant at level of 5%. Two, two and three times applications ofneem oil, Kumlus S-Uniflow-Thiovit & Karathane could redused mite population and powder mildew infection at 89.85%, 83.63% & 78.80% and 81.25%, 66.66% & 60.40% accordingly and respectively.

Methods Determination of Alfalfa Potential Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficent by Lysimeter and Comparison with Empirical Methods.  [2001]

   

Dadivar, Mosoud
Talebnejad, Ali Reza
Rostami, Asadolla
Gadbeykloo, Javad

Abstract:
In according to water resources limitation in Iran, determination of crop water requirement is important. In this study, water requirement of alfalfa was determined by drainage lysimeter at Arak Research Station in four years (2001-2004). The results showed that the alfalfa evapotranspiration potential in four years with 7 month-period (21 mar-21 oct) measurements were 1343.8, 1364.5, 1324.2 and 1326,4 mm respectively, with an average 1339.7 mm. Blaney- Criddle, Radiation, Hargreaves- Samani and Penman- Monteith methods estimated ET values 1485.0, 1581.8. 1109.3 and 1589.6 mm respectively. Crop coefficients (Kc) were 0.91 , 0.94 m 0.91 and 1.00 respectively for four years. Mean of fresh alfalfa yield was 72 and 68 tonha"' inside and outside of lysimeter respectively. Correlation coefficient between ET estimated by lysimter and methods was as following : Blaney- Criddle 0.989" , Hargreaves- Samani 0.995" , Radiation 0.953" and Penman- Monteith 0.969" The highest of 95% confidence interval and the lowest of standard deviation and standard error mean was observed by Hargreaves- Samani method. Key word: Lysimeter, Alfalfa, Blaney - Criddle, Radiation, Hargreaves- Samani, Penman- Monteith, Potential evapotraspiration

Comparison of Elisa with current brucella dingnostic Tests in sheep and Goat.  [1996]

   

Hoseini, Seayd Davoud
Zogi, Esmaeil

Abstract:
The present survey carried out to comparison the current brucella diagnostic tests with-Enzyme-linked -immunosorbenr'assay (Ehsa) in sheep and Goat. Three hundered sheeps and Goats were bled from infected herds, and their sera screened individually using Rose Bengal plate agglutination ( RBPT ), Serum agglutination, 2Mercaptoethanol, Complement Fixation test (eft ) and Enzyma - linked immunosorbent assay ( Elisa ) . The herds were not vaccinated against brucella agent at the time of this study. From these samples only , 46% , 52% , 28% , 28% , 23% , with Elisa eft, SAT , RBPT and ME were positive , respe.ctivey . - Also, brucella were isolated from all of the Elisa positive samples

Survey of frequency and dispersion of ruminant and cynocephelus Echinococcosis in Arak city and indication of human contamination ways.

2007

Sepehrmanesh, Mohammad Hosein; Dalimi , Abdolhosaein; Gaemmagami, Shamsoudin; Niromand, Hojatolla; Agarazi, Heshmatolla

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In order to study the frequency of Echinococcosis in Arak, generally, 82 Samples have been tested from wild and domestic canine. Also hospital and slaughter statistics morbidity rate of human and animals have been studied. Totally the contamination in fox is 10%, in Jackal 20% and in wanderer dog is 16.6%, also among domestic ruminant, cow shows the highest morbidity percentage to Hydatid Cyst. In addition there are two important morbidity points from the results about the samples that have been studied: 1- Among wild canine, Jackal and among domestic canine herds dog have an important role in delivering the contamination. 2- By passing the time, the amount of morbidity to Echinococcosis and Hydatid Cyst have been increased.

Study on effect of adiet containing of the salvia (m.p) on product and mortality rate of broiler chicken product and mortality rata.  [2007]

   

Asadi, Nematolla
Hoseini, Seyed Davoud
Tohidiyan, Mohammad Tagi

Abstract:
In this study in order to determine the effects of using spearmint (mentha piperitha) in the broilers ration 1000 starting chicks in the from of 10 treatments and each treatment with 4 repititions in 40 different boxes were distributed. The chicks of each box were weighted at the beginning of breeding period. The rates of spearmint consumption per ton along with drug and without drug were 1. 5, 3, 4.5 and 6 kgs. All the information regarding the daily numbers of chicks, food consumption per day, mortality, etc. Were recorded. At the end of the starter, grower and finisher periods the chicks of each box were weighted. At the end of each period the information about the average daily gain (ADG), average of daily grain consumption, the coefficient of food conversion and mortality by taking into account the day chickin each box was computed. At the end of breeding period above information in the form of factorial test was analysed by base design of the accident alcomplete blocks with statistical plan M- stat- c. The results, showed that from daily gain, food conversion coefficient and mortality viewpoint between different treatments and witness treatment and in addition anong some treatments with each other the 0.5 level variance was meaning fill

Invesitigation residual effects of elemental sulphur and ferrous suphlate on nutrients availability in soil, increas yield and quality of chryzantemum and gladiolus.  [2005]

   

Banijamali, Seyed Mohammad
Hasanzadehe, Seyfolla
Yosefbygi, Anosh
Gadbyglo, Javad

Abstract:
Calcareous soils for some reasons as lime, alkaline pH and nutrients availability decrease in soil among them phosphorus iron. zinc, manaanese and cupper.couid decrease the yieid of crops. In this respect for ameliorating soil f. litv condition the first researcli before present experiment (No. 1) was carried out in 1999. In order to investigate residua! effects of treatments from experiment No. I, other researcli design (No. 2) was conducted in 2000 throueh 2001. Including 1)ln P99"the research design under the.title of"sUidy the effect of elemental sulfur, ferrous sulphate and zinc sulphate on availGbiiity of nutrient absorption on gladiolus and carnation" with seven (reatments were included: elemental sulfur 200 g/m2 iron sulphatcO'.) 1500 g/m2, iron sulphate 750 g/m plus elemental sulfur 100 g/m-, sequewene 138 iron@ 4"/;ii2 control and.wo additional treatments zinc sulphate 4 and 8 g/m- respectively, was done In randomized complete, block design with four replication. Each plot w:,s 1.2 . 3 m. Results were shown. The sulpbate(II) caused desirable e, is or, sladiolus specially and caused significantly decrease in pd and increase electrical conductivity. K, Zr,, Mn and Fe availability in soil. It also notably caused significantly promotion in spike emergence"and increased newer stem length, spike length, stem diameter, florets/spike, total weight a-id number ofcorm and ccrmk.t in area unit !7.6, 21.7, 38.2. 25.4, 34,7, 122.6 and 160.6 percent in contrast witrHhe.

Study on effects of different levels of N and K on quantitative and qualitative characteristies of carnation.  [2005]

   

Banijamali, Seyed Mohammad
Safei, Mohammad Reza
Hasanzadehe, Syfolla
Yosefbygi, Anosehe
Gadbygllo, Javad

Abstract:
In order to determining ihe best amount of nitrogen, potassium and the eITect of (hem on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carnation cr. Pink and achieve for high yield and best quality lor local and external marketing as well. this research was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. E\\perimenlal treatments included nitrogen factor at seven levels 0, 100, 200. 300. 400, 500, 600 kg/h as ammonium nitrate and potassium (k. ) at four levels 0. 100, 200, 300 kg/h as potassium sulfale. In first year of experimeni the effect ol" nitrogen treatment until N500 increased mean of cut uower number in area unit significantly. The mosi stem height was obtained at N5ooKioo. The highest vix life mean was observed at N100 that caused 11.7 percent increasing in comparison wilh control. In second year of experiment amount of nitrogen at N100 was significant at increasing stem height and vise life ofcul flower. Potassium at Kaoo was significant at number of cut flower increasing. The level ofNiooKino was increased 71 numbers of cut flowers in square meier, 3.4 centimeters height stem and 1.24 days vise life of cut llower in comparison with control. . Key worlds: . Carnation, nitrogen, potassium, vise life.

Effect of pre and postharvest treatments of different amounts and sources of calcium on vase life of Ilona cut Roses.  [2005]

   

Edrisi, Behzad
Ajamgerd, Fereydon
Banijamali, Seyed Mohammad
Kiyani, Sahram
Azimi, Mohammad Hosein
Hasanzadehe, Syfolla
Yosefbeygi, Anosehe
Paknejad, Ali Reza
MihanKah, Moslem

Abstract:
Abstract : Calcium has an important role in postharvest and that's transport in plant has some problems, in This experiment conducted in National Research station of Ornamental Plant (Mahallat) and Agricultural Research Center ofsafiabad (Dezful) since 1382 for 3 years, the effects of different amounts and sources of ca and different Appliance Methods of that in Per and Post harvest of Rose cv.Ilona studied in a Randomized complete blocks as factorial Design. Experiment was contains two separate stage at first, flowers harvested from the plants, which sprayed by 0, 0.3, 0.6, g/lit Ca from calcium chloride. Calcium Nitrate and calcium chelat as different sources of calcium. After that flowers putted 3h in different solutions, contains : 1-distiled water (control) 2- water +CaCl2 ( 2 mmol Ca) 3- water + Ca(No3)2 (2 mmol Ca) 4- 8 HQC(250 ppm) + sucrose %4+ CaCl2 = (2mmol Ca) 5- 8 HQC(250 ppm) + sucrose %4+Ca(No3)2 (2mmol Ca) 6- 8 HQC(250 ppm) + sucrose %4 For second experiment flowers harvested from the plants, which sprayed by 0, 0.3, 0.6, g/lit Ca from calcium chloride. Calcium Nitrate and calcium chelat as different sources of calcium, next putted 3h in two solution contains: 1 .distiled water (control) 2- 8 HQC(250 ppm)+ sucrose %4 After that simultaneously sprayed by 0, 0.3, 0.6 g/lit Ca from different sources . After this treatments, evaluated vase life of cut Roses A. Results in Mahallat: The first experiment Resulted that spraying by 0.3 g/lit Calcium chelat and 0.

Selection F4 and F6 generations of Chiti bean (phaseolus vulgaris L.)  [2006]

   

Dorri, Hamid Reza
Lak, Mohammad Reza
Sarlak, , Abolghasem
Iranshahi, Mohammad

Abstract:
This research was conducted, for selecting the best Chiti bean lins based on yield, yield components, maturity period, grain comercial and plant ideotype. 59 F4 were evaluated from 2002 to 2004. Breeding method was pedigree and selection method for F4 and F5 generation were"plant selected" and for F6 generation was"family selected". The studied traits in F4 and F5 were : plant type, number of pod and grain per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, grain commercial, grain shape, seed 100 weight, plant seed yield per plant and phenology periods (only F6 generation). Factor analysis was used to selected multi traits. The result of selection, 20 lins wer selected based on yield and useful traits. Key words : Selection, F4-F6, yield and yield component, pedigree method, Chiti bean

Strategic plan of production of diagnostic Kits.  [2008]

   

Ghaemmaghami,Seyed Shamseddin
Bashari
Ahmadi
Hoseini
Paikari
Mirafzali
Khansari
Ebrahimi
Mirjalili
Ghoreishi
Rasaee
Madani

Abstract:
Diagnostic Kits have been used for different aspects such as detection of etiologic agents of diseases, determination of vaccination time, evaluation of vaccination efficacy, screening tests and evaluation of animal crude products. In this study we collected some of the most important information about production of veterinary diagnostic Kits in Iran. They were such as different types of veterinary diagnostic Kits that will be needed, present weakness points, present strength points and present opportunities. After analyzing of present data, we presented a few practical strategies for production of veterinary diagnostic Kits in Iran.

Adaptability trials on Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes in different province of Iran(in central province).  [2008]

   

Tabaei Aghdaei, Seyed Reza
Azdo, Zia
Farmahini, Ali
Goodarzi , Golam Reza
Zare, Mostafa
Nasrollahi, Abolfazl

Abstract:
To evaluate genetic potential for production yield increase and resistant variety selection in Rosa damascena Mill. an experiment was conducted using a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. ٤١ Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes were collected from ٣٣ areas in ٢٨ province of Iran, and cultivated in ٢٠٠٥ ‐ ٢٠٠٧ at the experimental field of Ali Abad Medicinal Plants Station, Arak, Iran. Different traits were evaluated in relation with adaptability and the results showed significant differences in time (year), genotype treatments and time * genotype. The highest amounts of height and flowering period were detected in Isfahan ٧ genotype. The highest amount of flower yield and flower dry weight percentage were observed in west Azarbaijan genotype and the highest amounts of flower number per plant, flowering period, the most pest resistance and flower number in Isfahan ٨ and this genotype was known as the best quality. In regard to important of genetic variation for flower yield increase and its necessity in plant breeding based on resistance to pests and adaptation to environmental conditions, selection of superior genotypes could be useful in genetic improvement of Rosa damascena Mill. for yield increase in order to achieve appropriate quantity and quality in flower and oil production. Keywords: Adaptability, Diversity, Flower yield, Genetic potential, Rosa damascena Mill.

Extraction and identification of chemical compounds of essential oils from Rosa damascena Mill. In different genotype cultivated of some state of country.  [2009]

   

Rezaee, Mohammad Bagher
Azdo, Zia
Mir davoodi, Hamid Reza
Assareh, Mohammad Hassan
Jaimand, Kamkar
Tabaei Aghdaie, Said Reza

Abstract:
To evaluate genetic potential for flower yield and oil production in Rosa damascene Mill. an experiment was conducted using complete blocks design with three replications. Rosa damascene Mill. 41 number genotypes were collected from 33 areas in 28 province of Iran, and cultivated in 2005-2007 years at the experimental field of station medication plants Ali Abad located in Arak city, Iran. Data evaluated for different traits, including (flower yield in hectare, flower number, single flower weight, and percent of flower dry weight) and percent and oil content and the results showed significant differences. The highest amount of greatest traits was detected in west Azarbaijan genotype. The highest amount of oil percentages (0.0055%) was also extracted in Isfahan2 genotype and in Fars2 genotype with 18.5% citronellol and Golestan with 4% showed the best quality of essential oils. From the study, it is concluded that performance flower yield quality especially essential oils yield are necessary to be included, for a more efficient breeding of Rosa damascena Mill. therefore, be useful criteria for yield selection in direction supply yield and produce increase and commercial utilization of R. damascene. Keywords: Diversity, Genetic Potential, Oil content, Oil percent, Oil yield, Rosa damascena Mill.

To investigate and determinate phosphorus and zinc requirement in the carnation cv. Pink and their residual effect in soil at second year.  [2010]

   

Banijamali, Sayed Mohammad
Hassanzadeh, Sefollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh

Abstract:
In order to investigate phosphorus and zinc effects on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the carnation cv. Pink and residual effect of these elements in second year, the experiment was conducted as factorial in randomized complete block design in 12 treatments with four replications for two years. Experimental treatments including: Phosphorus (P2O5) with four levels 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg.h-1 as triple super phosphate and zinc sulfate with three levels 0, 40 and 80 kg.h-1. In first year, the results of experiment indicated that phosphorus and zinc interaction has significant effects on flowering time, stem length, cut flower number, flower and stem diameter, wet and dry weight of plant. The least flowering time and the highest cut flower number and stem length, plant wet and dry weight was observed at P300Zn80 in contrast with control (P0Zn0) caused significantly 6.77 percent decrease and 67.80, 5.40, 78.57 and 66.80 percent increase respectively. In second year of experiment at P300 Zn 80 the highest cut flower number, stem length and bud diameter was obtained that caused 9.23, 84.62 and 3.87 percent significant increase in comparison with control respectively. The levels P200Zn40 had the most flower diameter and vase life of flower that induced 8.55 and 23.70 percent increase respectively compared to control. The highest wet and dry weight of plant got by P200Zn80 in contrast with control caused 13.04 and 81.29 percent increase respectively.

Genetic Variability of Quantitative Traits in Chrysanthemum(Dendranthema morifolium) Cultivars.  [2010]

   

Moradi Ashour, Behrouz
Azimi, Mohammad Hossein
Shafei, Mohammad Reza
Rezae, Abdolmajid

Abstract:
In order to study the genetic variation and differences of morphological traits in chrysanthemums genotypes, an experiment was conducted at National Research Station and Ornamental Plants, Mahallat, for four years from 2004 to 2007.The first year was conducted positive selection in attention based on morphological traits and the second, third and fourth years the experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block design with three replications which characteristics were evaluated and now they are measured.There were significant differences among genotypes for days to blooming and flowering, plant height, number of flower per plant, length of leaf, diameter of flower, number of leaf and length of petal, but differences for other traits were not significant in 2005 combined.Results of analysis of variance over three years indicated that genotypes were highly significant only for days to wilting and number of petal row(p≤0.01) and were significant for days to flowering and number of flower per plant(p≤0.05).Traits showed low broadsence heritability(less %30).Most traits the phenotypic coefficient of variation were greater than the genotypic ones, and the differences for most of them were great. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, were obtained for perid of flowering and weight of plant wet, respectively and the lowest coefficient found for days to blooming and days to flowering.

The influence of nitrogen fertilizers on aphids attraction and quantity and quality characteristics of chrysanthemum(Dendranthema morifolium).  [2010]

   

Banijamali, Sayed Mohammad
Hossiny nia, Asghar
Hassanzadeh, Seyfollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh

Abstract:
Chrysanthemum is one of the important cut flowers in the world and Iran. One of the most important pests of chrysanthemum(Dendranthema morifolium) is aphids and kitchen garden aphid Aphis gossypii Glover have the biggest dispersion in iran. In order to investigate relationship between plant nitrogen with aphids population and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of flower in chrysanthemum, the experiment was carried out in completely randomize block design with four replication and five nitrogen treatments 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg/h as ammonium nitrate (AN) with five additional treatment including: 1) 200 kg/h N as ureafrom (38% N)( UF1), 2)100 kg/h N as ureafrom plus 100 kg/h N as AN (UF2),3) 100 kg/h N as ureafrom plus 100 kg/h N as AN (UF3), 4) 200 kg/h N as sulfuric cotated urea inner production (19% N) (SCU1 ) , 5) 200 kg/h N as imported sulfuric cotated urea(32%N)(SCU2). Ureaform, sulfuric cotated urea and quarter AN fertilizers were used befor plantind and remained AN top dressing in three steps (fifteen days interval after planting). Aphid population measured after each top dressing fertilizer. Results showed number aphid in leaf had significant correlation (r=64%) with plant nitrogen (P≤0.01). The greatest increase number aphid in leaf at N300 amounting to 7.14 fold and the least at N400 3.42 fold incontrast with control (NO) were observed. The highest bud and flower diameter, dry and wet weight and flower qualitative number got by N400.

To investigate the effect of nitrogen and potassium on quantitative and qualitative of chrysanthemum(Dendranthema morifolium.  [2010]

   

Banijamali, Seyed Mohammad
Hossiny nia, Asghar
Hassanzadeh, Seyfollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh
Ghadbigloo, Javad

Abstract:
In order to investigation effect of nitrogen and potassium on quantitive and qualitative characteristics of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema morifolium), The experiment was carried out as factorial in randomized complete block design with four replication. Experimental treatments including: nitrogen with five levels 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg/h as ammonium and potassium (K2O) with three levels 0, 150 and 300 kg/h as potassium sulphate. The results of experiment indicated that nitrogen had significant effects on flowering time, stem length, number and diameter of flower, stem diameter, bud length, peduncle diameter (P0.01) compared to control(N0K0). The least flowering time, and the highest stem length, diameter and length bud got by N200 in contrast with control caused 7.5 percent decrease and 22, 11, 12 percent increase respectively. Flower diameter, wet and dry weight of cut flower in N300 wear 17, 67 and 50 percent respectively more than control. N400 increased 14, 13, 32 and 22 percent number of flower, peduncle and stem diameter and qualitative number respectively compared to control. Potassium had significant effect on earlier flowering (P0.01) and qualitative number (P0.05). K150 increased flower diameter 3 percent compared to control. K300 increased peduncle diameter and qualitative number 5 and 4.5 percent respectively. Interaction effect between nitrogen and potassium increased vase life of flower (P0.05)

Study on the effect of different levels of phosphorus and zinc on quality and quantity characteristics of tuberose (Pollianthes tuberosa L.).  [2010]

   

khalaj, Mohammad Ali
Hasanzadeh, Seyfollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh

Abstract:
In order to study on the effect of different levels of phosphorus and zinc on quality and quantity characteristics of tuberose (Pollianthes tuberosa L.) , field experiments with 4 levels of phosphorus (0,50,100,150 kg.ha-1) from triple super phosphate fertilizer and 3 levels of zinc sulfate (0,20,40 kg.ha-1 ) with 3 replications in 2 years, was carried out in factorial with base of randomized complete block design at 1Χ1 m2 Plot .Results of 2 years showed that P100 Zn20 in 2 years increased significantly Panicle length, shoot diameter, floret length by 21%, 25% and 14% respectivly.For study on the effect of zinc foliar application and comparison whit basically use of it , 6 treatments as: 3 levels of basically (Zn1 Zn2 Zn3 ) use of zinc sulfate (0-20-40 kg.ha-1)and 3 levels of foliar application ( Zn4 Zn5 Zn6) of zinc sulfate(1-2-3 gr.lit-1) was studied at 3 replications as randomized complete block design. Results of 2 years showed that Zn2 (20 kg.ha-1 zinc sulfate) increased significantly flower height, shoot diameter, floret number, flower fresh weight, panicle length , plant phosphorus and corm phosphorus by 8,17,12,17,14,13 and 16 Percent, respectivly. In order to study on the effect of different methods of phosphorus biofertilizer use along with %50 of recommended chemical fertilizer (50 kg.ha-1 phosphorus) in soil and compare it with usual phosphorus fertilizer recommended (100 kg.

Variation and relation of morphological and phonological triats and their causal effects on yield of Rosa damascena Mill. in different parts of Iran (in Central province).  [2009]

   

Tabaei Aghdaei, Seyed Reza
Azdo, Zia
Mirdavoodi, Hamid Reza
Zare, Mostafa
Zahedipour, Hojatolla
Farmahini, Ali

Abstract:
To evaluate genetic potential for production yield increase and stability in Rosa damascena Mill. an experiment was conducted using complete blocks design with three replications. ٤١Rosa damascene Mill. genotypes collected from ٣٣ areas in ٢٨ province of Iran, were cultivated in ٢٠٠٥ ‐ ٢٠٠٧ at Ali Abad medication plants station Arak Iran. thedata evaluated for the greatest traits in relation with morphology and phenology, showed significant differences in time (year), genotype and time * genotype. The highest amounts of height and flowering period were detected in Isfahan ٧ genotype and the highest stamen number per flower, fruit width and single flower weight in Guilan genotype.The highest dry matter percentage of flower in was observed Isfahan ١٠ genotype and the highest flower number per plant in Isfahan ٤ genotype. According to the results of this investigation, a wide range of variation among the genotypes was observed in terms of the traits under study. For an efficient breeding program, flowering duration could therefore, be one of the useful criteria for yield selection, though more genotypes, as well as further analyses, such as yield quantity and quality are necessary to be considered. Keywords: Diversity, Genetic potential, Morphology,phenology, Rosa damascena Mill

Evaluation of combined effect of heat and different fungicides for disinfection of gladiolus corms against Fusarium wilt and rot.  [2011]

   

Bayat, Hossein
Mirabolfathi, Mansoureh
Talebi, Hamid

Abstract:
Gladiolus is one of the most important cut flowers in Iran that has the most area under culture among them. Vascular wilt and corm and root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli is the most important diseases of the gladiolus plant. To compare the effects of different treatment for corms disinfection to control the disease, one experiment was accomplished in factorial with completely randomized design in greenhouse conditions. The Factors including: Chemical component (Benomyl®, Captan®, Nanocid® and water (control)), submerging time in solution( 15 minutes and 30 minutes) and solution temperature( laboratory temperature and 50 ° C). The experiment was carried out with 16 treatments and 3 replications. Soil used for the pots was pasteurized by soil solarization method. Three grams of spore powder of fungi was added to one kg of prepared soil. The results showed that following treatments had best efficiency in reducing disease and selected for field trials. 1- Corms disinfection in hot Benomyl® solution (50 ° C) with 1/1000 concentration at 30 minutes. 2- Corms disinfection in hot Benomyl® solution ( 50 ° C) with 1/1000 concentration at 15 minutes. 3-Corms disinfection in Benomyl® solution in laboratory temperature with 1/1000 concentration at 30 minutes. 4- Corms disinfection in Captan® solution in laboratory temperature with 2/1000 concentration at 30 minutes. 5- Corms disinfection in hot water ( 50 ° C) at 30 minutes (hot control)

The investigation of primary biology of beetle Lilioceris faldermanni (Guerin) (Col.: Chrysomelidae) on Chel cheragh lily in laboratory conditions.  [2011]

   

Moiib Hagh ghadam, Zahra
Padasht dahkai, Mohammad naghi
Radfar, Tahere
Alipoor, Reza
Tirdad, Mohsen
kazemi, Adel

Abstract:
In study the biology of the Chel cheragh lily beetle Lilioceris faldermanni(Guerin), different stages of growth and development, survival percent, thermal constant, fertility, damage manner, longevity, and natural eneimy were studied under laboratory conditions. The results of different experiments indicated that, Adult insects have bright red elatera and black antenna, eyes, thorax, abdoman, leges. the Chel cheragh Lily beetle larvae has four stages and are humed eruciform type. Pupation occurs in the soil beneath the host plant where a silken cocoon incorporating soil particles is constructed. Both adult and larvae damage on leaves, buds, flowers and seed capsules. The mean development period of this pest from egg to adult under costant temperature of 14, 18, 22 and 26 C° took 63/4 ± 0.07, 46/15 ± 0.09, 32/8 ± 0.08, 27/25 ± 0.1 days. The maximum percent survival of different developmental stages was at 22 C°. The thermal constant from egg to adult 539/9± 4/87 C°. 5- The average daily egg laying period 26 C° were higher to 14, 18 and 22 C. Key word: Lilium ledebourii, Lilioceris faldermanni, Biology, Iran.

Counting of Chromosomes and Determining of Ploidy Levels in Different Cultivars of Lilium.  [2007]

   

Moradi Ashour, Behrouz
Azimi, Mohammad Hossein
Mohammadi, Reza
Arzani, Ahmad

Abstract:
Lilium is a class of monocotyledons and Liliaceae family and is one of the most important cutflowers. It has short growth period about 3 months. Adventages of Lilium is big and has separate flower for easy and simple crossing, also can be planted very intensive(15*15) in the greenhouse. One of the species of Lilium is Lilium ledebourii(Chelcheragh), that is native of Iran and grows in north of Iran. Thus desirable traits can transfer from Lilium ledebourii to other commercial cultivars and reciprocal by interspecific crosses and management of breeding population. Chromosomal studies and recognition of genomic relations is important for prediction of crossability between different species of Lilium. Plant material was consist of cultivar from Asiatic group(Navona), one cultivar from Oriental group (Lombardia), one cultivar from LA-Hybrid group (CebDazzle), and Lilium ledebourii (Chelcheragh). Chromosomes was observed by method of hematoxyline Aceto staining for metaphase chromosomes of meristemic root cells. All of cultivars such as Navona, Lombardia and Ceb Dazzle were triploid and had basic chromosome number of 12 and total chromosomes number of 36. Inspite of using different treatments such as pretreatment, hydrolyse, etc and different times on Lilium ledebourii samples. We couldnot provide the desirable cells for chromosomes numbering and karyotyping studies.

Evaluation of effects of ammonium, calcium and potassium amounts on yield and quality of rose(Rosa hybrida L.) and susceptibility of them against gray mold diseases.  [2011]

   

Kiani, Shahram
Banijamali, Sayed Mohammad
Bayat, Hossein
Hassanzadeh, Sefollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh
Talebi, Hamid

Abstract:
In order to investigate effect of nitrogen form (NH4, NO3), potassium and calcium levels in nutrient solution on quantitives and qualitive yield and susceptibility to gray mold (Botrytis cinerea),in soilless media with greenhouse condition on rose(Rosa hybrida L.) cut flower the variety Vendenta, tow separate experiments was conducted in The National ornamental plants research station of Mahallat. First experiment was carried out as factorial in randomized complete block design, with tow factors; 1)amonium three levels 0, 2.5 and 5 mM(from 10 mM total nitrogen and residue as nitrate), 2) calcium two levels 1.6 and 4.8 mM, with four replication in first year. The second experiment was peformed like first one but with two factors; 1) potassium three levels 1, 5 and 10 mM, 2) calcium two levels 1.6 and 4.8 mM in second year. Cut flowers in different treatments after harvesting in two experiments, were inoculated with the conidial suspension of Botrytis cinerea (104 spore/ml). Amount of diseases progress was daily evaluated and used area under diseases progress curve (AUDPC) as index of treatments comparison. Results of first experiment were showed that with increasing ammonium concentration in nutrition solution, Ca and K amount reduced, and P, Zn, Mn, Fe and B enhanced in leaf significantly. Increasing calcium concentration in nutrient solution resulted significant enhanced N, Ca, Mn and B and reduced K, Zn and Cu in leaf.

Study on the Effect of Vermicompost as a growth media amendment on five ornamental plants.  [2011]

   

Khomami, Ali Mahboub (Haddad, Alireza)

Abstract:
To determine the effects of vermicompost cow dung and vermicompost cow dung+ sawdust (about 80% volume to 20%) with Peat in Peat+ perlit (volume 1: 2) growth media on five ornamental foliage plant,s Dieffenbachia, Aglaonema, Dracaena, Spathiphyllum and Ficus benjamina. First sawdust introduce to worm and then the production of vermicompost, rooted stock planted in Peat+ perlit (volume 1: 2) and beds with 25, 75, 50, 100% vermicompost of cow dung + sawdust that substituted with Peat (Peat+ perlit). Some factors as a nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium in leaves and Growth media. Height, diameter, Shoot and leaf fresh and dry weight, Root fresh and dry weight of plant according to plant were measured. The results showed that the increase in levels of two kind vermicompost in substituted with Peat significantly increased, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in Dieffenbachia; and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in Aglaonema, Dracaena, Spathiphyllum and Ficus benjamina leaves. With increasing vermicompost level, container capacity increased in comparison to peat and% 100 vermicompost has the highest Container capacity. 25% of two kind's vermicompost in comparison with control increased height, diameter, Shoot and leaf fresh and dry weight, and is advisable. Kay words: vermicompost; Physical properties, Eisenia foetida; Dieffenbachia; Aglaonema ;Dracaena ;Spathiphyllum ;Ficus benjamina Cow manure; Sawdust; Peat; Perlite

Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Levels on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Tuberose ( Polianthes Tuberosa) in North of Khuzestan.  [2010]

   

Mahmoodi Nezhad Dezfully, Hosein
Paknejad, Ali Reza
Zadehdabag, Gafor
Ajam gard, Fereydon
Karimpour, Hojat

Abstract:
In order to study the effects of nitrogen, potassium on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of tuberose cv Double, an experiment was conducted at Safiabad Agricultural Research Center during 2010-2011. The design was factorial based on complete randomized block design with 3 replications. The factors included 4 levels of nitrogen: 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg N ha-1 (using urea) and 3 levels of potassium: 0, 150 and 300 kg K2O ha-1 (as potassium sulfate). The results was shown that the effect of potassium was significant on the number of bulb and bulbet (p0.05), but there was not a significant effect on other studied traits. The effect of nitrogen was significant on the length of stem, length of spike, number of floret per spike, stem diameter, leaves nitrogen content, bulb nitrogen content, number of bulb and bulbet, percentage of flowers with high quality (p0.01) and on weight of bulb and bulbet (p0.05). The effect of nitrogen was not significant on the potassium content in leaves and bulb. The NΧK was only significant effect on number of floret per plant, number of bulb and bulbet (p0.01) and it was not a significant effect on other parameters. Using 100 kg. N ha-1 was the best treatment in compared to other treatments in order to obtain optimum growth. Key words: nitrogen, potassium, quantitative and qualitative characteristics, tuberose.

Investigation the effect of composted peanut shells and nutrient solution in pot medium on growth and nutrition Dracaena marginata.  [2011]

   

Khomami, Ali Mahboub
Shirin fekr, Ahmad
Alipoor, Reza
Hojatii, Saied Abrahim

Abstract:
This experiment was conducted as a factorial (With a two-factor including media and nutrient solution) based on completely randomized design in triplicate, in order to use of peanut shells compost with nutrient solution for ornamental plants Dracaena as a suitable growth media, in the greenhouse of flowers and ornamental plants research station of lahijan. Control substrate peat - perlite ratio was 2 to 1, and produced compost was replaced in quantities of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 100% by volume instead of peat. Chemical and physical properties of growth media and plant growth indices were measured. The results showed that the highest growth rate was at 15 and 45% compost treatments containing peanut shells with nutrient solution and lowest growth rate was in 100% compost treatments with peanut shells and in control without nutrient solution. peanut shells compost with decreasing C/N and establish the appropriate pH, high porosity and improved supply of nutrient elements, showed a greater effect on growth factors such as height (26 cm), leaf number (26), diameter (14/3 mm), leaf fresh weight (7/55 g) , leaf dry weight (58/11 grams ), stems fresh weight (97/17 g), stems dry weight (66/3 g), root fresh weight (39/67 mg) and root dry weight (29/8 mg) compared to control. In conclusion peanut shell compost can be used as alternative substitution of expensive peat in the growth media of ornamental plants. Keywords: Dracaena, Peat, Growth media, Peanut shells, compost

Study on the effect of different levels of Iron and Manganese on quality and quantity characteristics of tuberose (Pollianthes tuberosa L.)  [2013]

   

khalaj, Mohammad Ali
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh

Abstract:
In order to study on the effect of Iron and Manganese on quality and quantity characteristics, 2 years Field experiment was conducted with 12 treatments and 3 replications at factorial in the basic of complete randomized block design. 4 levels of Iron (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg.ha-1 Iron from Iron sulfate) and 3 levels of Manganese (0, 10, 20 kg.ha-1 Manganese from Manganese sulfate) as first and 2nd. factors, respectively. Results, showed that the effect of Iron on flower height, panicle length, stem diameter, floret length, floret number, flower wet and dry weight, corm number, corm wet and dry weight, vase life, open floret percentage, iron and manganese concentration of shoot, iron and manganese concentration of root (corm) were significant. The effect of Manganese on flower height, panicle length, stem diameter, floret length, floret number, flower wet and dry weight, corm number, corm wet and dry weight, vase life, open floret percentage, iron and manganese concentration of shoot, iron and manganese concentration of root (corm) were significant. Data showed that the interaction of Manganese and Iron on flower wet and dry weight, corm wet and dry weight, vase life, open floret percentage, iron and manganese concentration of shoot, iron and manganese concentration of root (corm) were significant.

Evaluation of biological and molecular characteristics of carnation etched ring virus.  [2012]

   

Bayat, Hossein
Talebi, Hamid
Shahrain, Nouh

Abstract:
Carnation is one of the main products of cut flowers in Iran. This plant is attacked by various viruses. These viruses reduce the plant vigorous and reduce production efficiency. One of these specific viruses that cause delay in flowering carnation and decreasing of flowers production with high quality to be carnation etched ring virus. In order to evaluation of biological characteristics and distribution of this virus in the Mahallat area, sampling was conducted in carnation greenhouses. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, using specific antiserum CERV and CarMV with DAS-ELISA test were studied. Only samples that were infected with the CERV were inoculated to suitable indicator plants. The results on the distribution of the virus showed that 75% of samples collected from eight greenhouses in three different seasons of the year were infected with the virus. The results also showed that the samples collected were infected with CarMV. Severity of infection in samples with mixed infection with CarMV was lower that samples that were infected only with CERV. Different variety of carnation don't have significantly difference in diseases severity. Key words: CERV, CarMV, DAS_ELISA, Distribution, serology

Bulb mite Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin), Acari: Acaridae control on the gladiulus corm with disinfection of corms and by the predatory mite, Hypoaspis aculeifer.  [2013]

   

Hosseini Nia, Asghar
Arbabi, Masud
Baradaran, Parvaneh
Banijamali, Sayd Mohamad

Abstract:
Gladiolus is one of ornamental plants and one of the major cut flowers in Iran. Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin), (Astigmata: Acaridae) is one of the important pest of Gladiolus corms in Mahallat and Khomin. Disinfestations and mite predator release are 2 methods of control against this pest. So this project preformed in 24 treatments and 3replication in randomized complete block design. Disinfestations treatments (corms were soaked in poison solution for 25 minute) include: 1, 2 &3- abamectin (0.4, 0.8 , 1.2 ml/lit); 4, 5 & 6- ethion ( 1, 1.5, 2ml/lit); 7, 8 & 9- fenazaquin (0.5, 1, 1.5 ml/lit); 10, 11 &12- hot water (45 ° C for 25, 50 and 75 min.); 13, 14 & 15- release treatments of predator mite Hypoaspis (Gaeolaelaps) aculeifer (Canestrini),(Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) 10, 20 and 30 predator for every 100 Gladiolus bulb(infested with bulb mites); 16, 17 & 18- release of 100, 250 and 500 predator mites in square meters fifteen days after planting; 19, 20 &21- tap water control (30 ° C for 25, 50 and 75 min.);22- hot water (45 ° C for 25min) and release 10 predator for every 100 Gladiolus bulb; 23- hot water (45 ° C for 25min) and release of 100 predator mites in 1m2 ; 24- hot water (45 ° C for 25min) and release 10 predator for every 100 Gladiolus bulb with and release of 100predator mites in 1m2 15 day after planting. 150 Corms were considered and infestation of corms was estimated.

Simultaneous control of powdery mildew and rose spider mites by neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss).  [2013]

   

Hosseini Nia, Asghar
Pormatin, Rashin
Paloj, Ali Asghar
Zareei, Ali Asghar
Vejgani, Mehedi
Amiri, Lotfolla
Asadi, Nader

Abstract:
Rose by more than 546 hectares of cultivated area is one of the top priorities in the production and creation of urban parks and green spaces in Iran. Rose powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa var. Rosae) and spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch and T. cinnabarinus Biosduval) are the most important factors causing rose damage. To control these factors and to reduce the environmental risks, substances should be used to control both factors causing damage. The results showed that Neem seed oil is most effective for the control of both the agent causing the damage. Based on joint research - extension in a randomized complete block design with three treatments (1 - Neem Oil 83/0%, 2- one percent Neem oil, 3 - control wet down 4 - the farmer condition. Sprayed with 10 repetitions each 10 meters in two separate greenhouse in 1390) were performed. The results showed that all treatments with two greenhouses were significantly different with 95% probability. Concentration of 0.83% Neem oil showed 97.80% mortality on mites and 90.51% reduction in powdery mildew in the first greenhouse. And Concentration of 1% Neem oil showed 96.24% mortality on mites and 98.72% reduction in powdery mildew in the second greenhouse. According to the results, both concentrations of Neem oil have the ability to control mites and powdery mildew of roses. But application of Neem seed oil at a concentration of one percent, the highest effect on mites and powdery mildew causing.

Effect of propagation method, rootstock and growth media on the some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cut Rose.  [2013]

   

Edrisi, Behzad
Banijamali, Sayd mohammad
Beyramizadeh, Ebrahim
Arabi, Amir
Hoseini nia, Asghar

Abstract:
In order to shortening of propagation time and limiting the sucker formation in grafted roses and also study the different propagation methods and rooting media, a split plot experiment with three replications was used. Main plots consisted of two types of rooting media and subplots were 3 propagation methods of Rosa hybrida 'Baccarat' by grafted cuttings (stenting) on two dogwood roses R. canina , R. canina 'Inermis' or by cuttings. The results showed that disinfection with sodium hypochlorite solution at 1 to 9 dillution can caused blackening some parts. It seems that the using of bottom heat system and fine water mist system is necessary for implementing this method. Mixture of sand and peat in equal proportions was the best media rooting percentage and rooting rate (p ≤ 0.01). Mean comparisons showed that R. canina rootstock have more rooting percentage and quality (length, number of roots), callus formation and rooting rate than R. canina 'Inermis'. there were significant correlations only between rooting percentage and callus formation (r = 0.887 ***) , root numbers and rooting rate (r = 0.507 *). Key words: Grafted cutting, , Rooting, Rootstock, Rosa hybrida, Stenting

Induction of genetic variation in Hybrid Rose by using combined techniques of tissue culture and mutation.  [2010]

   

Beyramizadeh, Ebrahim
Vedadi, Cyrus
Naserian, Behnam
Rahimi, Masood
Baeat, Hossein
Hosseni nia, Asghar
Sadegi, Sadeg

Abstract:
Optimizing the in vitro culture condition for rose explants is the first step to apply biotechnology in breeding and producing pathogen free plants. This experiment was designed on the basis of Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with 8 hormone treatment (BAP, NAA) for proliferation stage and 9 hormone treatment (NAA, IAA) for rooting stage. In proliferation stage, the effects of BAP and NAA at different concentrations in MS medium were investigated on the number of propagated buds and, number, length, quality, fresh and dry weight of produced roots. Statistical analysis showed significant difference (p 0.01) between proliferation rate and rooting at different mediums. In conclusion, results indicate that MS+3mgr/l BAP and MS without hormone are best medium for proliferation stage and rooting stage. At this project, then, was produced sufficient population of buds from shoot tips in vitro culture condition. Then, used from 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 130T 160,190 gray doses of gamma ray. This experiment was designed on the basis of Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with 4 repetitions that each repetition including 5 samples. Survival percent, Plant length, fresh and dry weight of buds was measured 45 days after irradiation. Analytical results show that coefficient of regression for Plant length was 0/935 that was maximum Coefficient between the four measured traits.

Study of different concentration of growth regulators on micro propagation of two commercial and one wild Rose.  [2013]

   

Beyramizadeh, Ebrahim
Safari, Akram
Edricy, Behzad
Banijamali, Sayd Mohamad

Abstract:
Rose is one of important cut flower in the world and one of propagation methods of this flower is tissue culture and using of auxiliary bud as explants. At this research were studied micro propagation of two commercial cultivars and one wild rose. In first experiment were studied micro propagation of two commercial rose cultivar Vandentta (red) & Leandera (cream-yellow) and in second experimental one wild rose. After growth of explants in initiation media shoots were cultured in proliferation media including MS medium with BA & NAA. All experiments were done by factorial experiment based on Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The result of analysis variance showed that effect of BA was significant at 1% level for number of shoot and height of shoot. The best proliferation was done for Vandetta at 2 mg/l BA with 0.1 mg/l NAA, for Leandera 2 mg/l BA with 0.01 mg/l NAA, in Wild Rose 2 mg/l BA with 0.5 mg/l Kin. Different level of IBA NAA and IAA was used for rooting. The best rooting was showed 1.22 mg/l IBA in Wild Rose and 0.2 mg/l NAA with 0.25 mg/l IBA in Vandenta. All of plantlet were hardening and were transferred in commercial rose greenhouse. Key word: Rose ,Micro propagation ,Auxiliary bud ,Proliferation ,Rooting

Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Levels on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Tuberose ( Polianthes Tuberosa) in North of Khuzestan.  [2011]

   

Mahmoodi Nezhad Dezfully, Hosein
Paknejad, Ali Reza
Zadehdabag, Gafor
Ajam gard, Fereydon
Karimpour, Hojat

Abstract:
In order to study the effects of nitrogen, potassium on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of tuberose cv Double, an experiment was conducted at Safiabad Agricultural Research Center during 2010-2011. The design was factorial based on complete randomized block design with 3 replications. The factors included 4 levels of nitrogen: 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg N ha-1 (using urea) and 3 levels of potassium: 0, 150 and 300 kg K2O ha-1 (as potassium sulfate). The results was shown that the effect of potassium was significant on the number of bulb and bulbet (p0.05), but there was not a significant effect on other studied traits. The effect of nitrogen was significant on the length of stem, length of spike, number of floret per spike, stem diameter, leaves nitrogen content, bulb nitrogen content, number of bulb and bulbet, percentage of flowers with high quality (p0.01) and on weight of bulb and bulbet (p0.05). The effect of nitrogen was not significant on the potassium content in leaves and bulb. The NΧK was only significant effect on number of floret per plant, number of bulb and bulbet (p0.01) and it was not a significant effect on other parameters. Using 100 kg. N ha-1 was the best treatment in compared to other treatments in order to obtain optimum growth. Key words: nitrogen, potassium, quantitative and qualitative characteristics, tuberose

Investigation the effect of composted peanut shells and nutrient solution in pot medium on growth and nutrition Dracaena marginata.‎(Dracaena marginata‎.  [2013]

   

Mahbobkomami, Ali
Alipour, Reza
Hojati, Ebrahim

Abstract:
This experiment was conducted as a factorial (With a two-factor including media and nutrient solution) based on completely randomized design in triplicate, in order to use of peanut shells compost with nutrient solution for ornamental plants Dracaena as a suitable growth media, in the greenhouse of flowers and ornamental plants research station of lahijan. Control substrate peat - perlite ratio was 2 to 1, and produced compost was replaced in quantities of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 100% by volume instead of peat. Chemical and physical properties of growth media and plant growth indices were measured. The results showed that the highest growth rate was at 15 and 45% compost treatments containing peanut shells with nutrient solution and lowest growth rate was in 100% compost treatments with peanut shells and in control without nutrient solution. peanut shells compost with decreasing C/N and establish the appropriate pH, high porosity and improved supply of nutrient elements, showed a greater effect on growth factors such as height (26 cm), leaf number (26), diameter (14/3 mm), leaf fresh weight (7/55 g) , leaf dry weight (58/11 grams ), stems fresh weight (97/17 g), stems dry weight (66/3 g), root fresh weight (39/67 mg) and root dry weight (29/8 mg) compared to control. In conclusion peanut shell compost can be used as alternative substitution of expensive peat in the growth media of ornamental plants. Keywords: Dracaena, Peat, Growth media, Peanut shells, compost

Effect of propagation method, rootstock and growth media on the some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cut Rose‎.  [2013]

   

Edrisi, Behzad
Banijamali, Sayed Mohammad
Byramizaded, Ebrahim
Arabi, Amir
Hoseininiya, Asgahr

Abstract:
In order to shortening of propagation time and limiting the sucker formation in grafted roses and also study the different propagation methods and rooting media, a split plot experiment with three replications was used. Main plots consisted of two types of rooting media and subplots were 3 propagation methods of Rosa hybrida Baccarat by grafted cuttings (stenting) on two dogwood roses R. canina , R. canina Inermis or by cuttings. The results showed that disinfection with sodium hypochlorite solution at 1 to 9 dillution can caused blackening some parts. It seems that the using of bottom heat system and fine water mist system is necessary for implementing this method. Mixture of sand and peat in equal proportions was the best media rooting percentage and rooting rate (p 0.01). Mean comparisons showed that R. canina rootstock have more rooting percentage and quality (length, number of roots), callus formation and rooting rate than R. canina Inermis . there were significant correlations only between rooting percentage and callus formation (r = 0.887 ***) , root numbers and rooting rate (r = 0.507 *). Key words: Grafted cutting, , Rooting, Rootstock, Rosa hybrida, Stenting

Induction of genetic variation in Hybrid Rose by using combined techniques of tissue culture and mutation.‎.  [2013]

   

Beyramizadeh, Ebrahim (Vedadi, Sirous)

Abstract:
Optimizing the in vitro culture condition for rose explants is the first step to apply biotechnology in breeding and producing pathogen free plants. This experiment was designed on the basis of Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with 8 hormone treatment (BAP, NAA) for proliferation stage and 9 hormone treatment (NAA, IAA) for rooting stage. In proliferation stage, the effects of BAP and NAA at different concentrations in MS medium were investigated on the number of propagated buds and, number, length, quality, fresh and dry weight of produced roots. Statistical analysis showed significant difference (p 0.01) between proliferation rate and rooting at different mediums. In conclusion, results indicate that MS+3mgr/l BAP and MS without hormone are best medium for proliferation stage and rooting stage. At this project, then, was produced sufficient population of buds from shoot tips in vitro culture condition. Then, used from 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 130T 160,190 gray doses of gamma ray. This experiment was designed on the basis of Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with 4 repetitions that each repetition including 5 samples. Survival percent, Plant length, fresh and dry weight of buds was measured 45 days after irradiation. Analytical results show that coefficient of regression for Plant length was 0/935 that was maximum Coefficient between the four measured traits.

Study of different concentration of growth regulators on micro propagation of two commercial and one wild Rose.  [2013]

   

Beyramizadeh, Ebrahim
Safari, Akram
Edricy, Behzad
Banijamali, Sayd Mohamad

Abstract:
Rose is one of important cut flower in the world and one of propagation methods of this flower is tissue culture and using of auxiliary bud as explants. At this research were studied micro propagation of two commercial cultivars and one wild rose. In first experiment were studied micro propagation of two commercial rose cultivar Vandentta (red) & Leandera (cream-yellow) and in second experimental one wild rose. After growth of explants in initiation media shoots were cultured in proliferation media including MS medium with BA & NAA. All experiments were done by factorial experiment based on Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The result of analysis variance showed that effect of BA was significant at 1% level for number of shoot and height of shoot. The best proliferation was done for Vandetta at 2 mg/l BA with 0.1 mg/l NAA, for Leandera 2 mg/l BA with 0.01 mg/l NAA, in Wild Rose 2 mg/l BA with 0.5 mg/l Kin. Different level of IBA NAA and IAA was used for rooting. The best rooting was showed 1.22 mg/l IBA in Wild Rose and 0.2 mg/l NAA with 0.25 mg/l IBA in Vandenta. All of plantlet were hardening and were transferred in commercial rose greenhouse. Key word: Rose ,Micro propagation ,Auxiliary bud ,Proliferation ,Rooting : Abstrac

Evaluation the possibility of peat substitution with different organic maters in potting beds of Pothos and Dumbcan and their economical comparition.

2004

Banijamali, Sayed Mohammad; Safiei, Mohammad Reza; Kalaei, Ali

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The results of the compested hills temperature masurment were shown length of time about 90 days for decay these organic muters is suit~ble in desirable circumstance. Results were shown about Dumb cane (Dieffenbachip .requine amoena.) organic composition number 4 at first formula (FI) had the most' suitable plant growth factors and about Pathos (Scindapsus pic/us) organic composition number two at second fonnula had significant statistical preference to peat and other organic mater treatments. The results wear also shown that treatment number 6 had lowest cost and the most benefit. Peat had the most raising percent of price but because of high production cost was not economic. The treatments number 6,4,2 and ~ were beter than the others. I Key words: Benefit~cost ratio, DiejJenbachia sequinJ amoena, Peat, Pot plants, Productivity, Substitutable organic maters, Scindapsus pif'us

The efficacy of kaolin clay on the pomegranate fruit moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lep.: Pyralidae), and fruit sunburn in pomegranate orchards  [2012]

   

Yousefi, M., Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
Tabatabaei, S. Z.

Abstract:
Sunburn of pomegranate fruits and Pomegranate Fruit Moth (PFM), Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lep.: Pyralidae), is the most important of harmful agents in Iran and other pomegranate producing countries to reduce the quantity and quality of product. Several different methods including collecting and burning of infested fruits, mechanical and biological control have been examined to control PFM, but none of the method has showed to sunborne control. Application of the kaolin particle film might be an alternative for control of sunborne and PFM. To assess the impact of kaolin, trials were conducted in the fields during 2011-2012 year. The different concentrations of kaolin clay (Sepidan® WP) (3 - 6%) were sprayed over the whole canopy and fruits three and four times at 4–5-week intervals from early May to early September. Based on the field studies, in 3 and 6% kaolin treatments, were reduced the infection rates of PFM damage and Sunburn of fruits. Also the result showed that, the fruit cracking was reduced in kaolin treatments. Therefore, kaolin (Sepidan® WP) spray over the whole canopy of pomegranate trees, four times at 4–5-week intervals (5 to 6% concentration), could be used successfully to reduce biotic and abiotic harmful agents on pomegranate.

Study the effects of spraying & rotation on the chickpea cutworms Agrotis spp. Damage in in Markazi, Kordestan and Kermanshah provinces  [2013]

   

Shafaghi, Fateme, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
Golmohammadi, Golamreza

Abstract:
Pea is known as one of the most important crops in the world, and it is One of the most important sources of protein for millions of people living in developing countries, especially in South Asia. Since this plant is a rich source of protein, this is Susceptible to damage by different pests and diseases. A group of pests that can cause damage to this plant are cutworms. In this study we investigated the effects of Carbaryl and its concomitant effect with rotation with wheat on this pest until the results of these we can be used to improve planning for this pest. The experiments were carried out in complete randomized design model factorial with 2 factors in 5 replications, include factor A: spraying and non-spraying, factor B: rotation with wheat and fallow. To evaluate the number of plants damaged by pests, yield and seed weight were compared. The SAS software was used for data analysis. The data compared by Dunkan multiple range test. The results revealed that The highest yield (956/00 ± 18/90) and the lowest damaged plant (10/20 ± 1/46) was observed in spraying-fallow treatment. Therefore can be concluded fallow helps to reduce the damage and increase crops and it can be used with chemical control.

Determination Interval and Depth of Canola Irrigation.  [2014]

   

Sahabi, Mhedi
Goshe, Mohyedin
Moradi Dalini, Abollfath
Ebrahimi Pak, Niyaz Ali
Naghavi, Hormoz

Abstract:
Canola cultivation develops at some of province in Iran. Information about irrigation schedule in canola field is necessary and this information unavailable. In order to determine optimum canola irrigation schedule (irrigation interval and irrigation depth) this experiment designed. This experiment was randomized complete block design consist of 4 treatment in three replications from 2000 for three years in research stations of Khuzestan, Hormozgan, Ghazvin, Kerman, Markazi, Boushehr and Esfahan province. The treatments were as follow: I1- Irrigation at 50mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan I2- Irrigation at 75mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan I3- Irrigation at 100mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan I4- Irrigation at 125mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan The depth of irrigation water was calculated to receive. Soil moisture up to fieldcapacity. At the end of growth stages and harvesting time, the grain yield, oil percentage, water use efficiency of canola were determined and statistical analyzes were used and discussed for yield and water use efficiency. The optimum irrigation interval in all of the research stations was irrigation at 75mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan.

Identification And Study Of Fish Species In Mazdaghan River  [2007]

   

Touraji, M.R., Expert of Agriculture and Research and Education Organization Ministery of Jahad- e-
Vosoughi, Gh., Professor of the Faculty of the Veterinary,Tehran University

Abstract:
The present study has been carried out in order to identify and evaluate of fish species in Mazdaghan river, in Saveh, Markazi province. For this propuse four stations were selected along the river, and during five months of the year fishing was carried out through three kinds of nets with various meshes . For this study, 187 specimen were caught from Cyprinidae family such as Capoeta barroisi, Capoeta siboldi, Capoeta capoeta macrolepis, Capoeta aculeata, Luciscus cephalus, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Barbus mursa, and from Balitoridae familiy such as Nemacheilus kermanshaensis, Nemacheilus persa. The most numerous species were Capoeta barroisi and Luciscus cephalus ,With 78 and 29 specimen, respecively. In addition , length study ,weigth study ,'. have been done

Identification And Study Of Fish Species In Mazdaghan River  [2007]

   

Touraji, M.R., Expert of Agriculture and Research and Education Organization Ministery of Jahad- e-
Vosoughi, Gh., Professor of the Faculty of the Veterinary,Tehran University

Abstract:
The present study has been carried out in order to identify and evaluate of fish species in Mazdaghan river, in Saveh, Markazi province. For this propuse four stations were selected along the river, and during five months of the year fishing was carried out through three kinds of nets with various meshes . For this study, 187 specimen were caught from Cyprinidae family such as Capoeta barroisi, Capoeta siboldi, Capoeta capoeta macrolepis, Capoeta aculeata, Luciscus cephalus, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Barbus mursa, and from Balitoridae familiy such as Nemacheilus kermanshaensis, Nemacheilus persa. The most numerous species were Capoeta barroisi and Luciscus cephalus ,With 78 and 29 specimen, respecively. In addition , length study ,weigth study ,'. have been done .

Determination Of Rainfall Temporal Pattern In Daryache - e - Namak Basin  [2007]

   

Davudirad, A.A., Member of Scietific Broad of the Agriculture and Natural Resuurces Research Center of Markazi Province.
Telvari, A., Associate Professor of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute.
Erfanian, M., Research Expert of Soil Conservation and Watersed Management Research Institute.

Abstract:
The design storm is one of the main elements in flood estimation regarding to the existence of temporal variations in heavy storms thus distinguishing of the rainfall temporal pattern is very important. In this study intensive observed and individual storms for different duration in synoptic stations of Daryache-e-Namak basin were studied and rainfall temporal patterns were derived using ranking method. In this method any given duration was first divided in to a number of equal periods and then they were ranked according to the amount of rainfall in each increment time periods. In the next step all ranks of periods in individual storms were averaged and rank for each period were assigned. Finally, rainfall amount in percentage was determined for each period and temporal pattern of rainfall was derived. Rainfall temporal pattern for each station and all of region (type patterns) in different durations were derived. To evaluate patterns chi - square was used and confidence to patterns of each station and all regions were studied. Results show that, confidence to each pattern in suitable condition in longer duration would increase if number of storms. Other conducted research in the country certifies the results and rainfall temporal patterns are some what similar to SCS patterns unless for 12 hours duration

Identification And Study Of Fish Species In Mazdaghan River  [2007]

   

Touraji, M.R., Expert of Agriculture and Research and Education Organization Ministery of Jahad- e-
Vosoughi, Gh., Professor of the Faculty of the Veterinary,Tehran University

Abstract:
The present study has been carried out in order to identify and evaluate of fish species in Mazdaghan river, in Saveh, Markazi province. For this propuse four stations were selected along the river, and during five months of the year fishing was carried out through three kinds of nets with various meshes . For this study, 187 specimen were caught from Cyprinidae family such as Capoeta barroisi, Capoeta siboldi, Capoeta capoeta macrolepis, Capoeta aculeata, Luciscus cephalus, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Barbus mursa, and from Balitoridae familiy such as Nemacheilus kermanshaensis, Nemacheilus persa. The most numerous species were Capoeta barroisi and Luciscus cephalus ,With 78 and 29 specimen, respecively. In addition , length study ,weigth study ,'. have been done .

Determination Of Rainfall Temporal Pattern In Daryache - e - Namak Basin  [2007]

   

Davudirad, A.A., Member of Scietific Broad of the Agriculture and Natural Resuurces Research Center of Markazi Province.
Telvari, A., Associate Professor of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute.
Erfanian, M., Research Expert of Soil Conservation and Watersed Management Research Institute.

Abstract:
The design storm is one of the main elements in flood estimation regarding to the existence of temporal variations in heavy storms thus distinguishing of the rainfall temporal pattern is very important. In this study intensive observed and individual storms for different duration in synoptic stations of Daryache-e-Namak basin were studied and rainfall temporal patterns were derived using ranking method. In this method any given duration was first divided in to a number of equal periods and then they were ranked according to the amount of rainfall in each increment time periods. In the next step all ranks of periods in individual storms were averaged and rank for each period were assigned. Finally, rainfall amount in percentage was determined for each period and temporal pattern of rainfall was derived. Rainfall temporal pattern for each station and all of region (type patterns) in different durations were derived. To evaluate patterns chi - square was used and confidence to patterns of each station and all regions were studied. Results show that, confidence to each pattern in suitable condition in longer duration would increase if number of storms. Other conducted research in the country certifies the results and rainfall temporal patterns are some what similar to SCS patterns unless for 12 hours duration.

Study of agromorphological diversity among multicolor common bean collection of National lant Gene Bank of Iran.  [2007]

   

Va`ezi, Shahin
Dorri, Hamid
Lak, Mohammad Reza
Seraj, Hazrat Qoli
Beyza`i, Esma`il

Abstract:
Information on germplasm diversity and its potential is fundamentally important in crop improvement even if part of it is not used directly in people custom food diet like multicolor beans (phaseolus vulgaris L.) that are not usual in Iranian food diet . In order to assess multicolor bean germplasm diversity that conserved in National lant Gene Bank ofIran , at first 245 accessions numbers were regenerated in experimental filed of ! eed and lant Improvement Institute , Karaj, then evaluated using augmented design in Khomein bean research station(Markazi province). Genetic material evaluated for agromorphological traits like plant and pod and seed characters according to descriptor of common bean .More traits showed variation , particularly for yield per plant, seed and pod per plant .High variation detected for qualitative traits by Shannon index such as flower color and pod position. Stepwise regression analysis demonstrate that most effective traits on seed yield per plant were seed number per plant and lOO-seed weight. Non- hierarchical (K- means) cluster analysis grouped beans in five clusters. The first five principle components accounted for !! of total variation. In the first and third components , reproductive phonological traits and regeneration phonological traits were important respectively, while second component described variation in seed yield per plant and its relation traits such as pod and seed per plant.

Preliminary study of infectious agents (Viral and Bacterial) of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fry Mortality Syndrome in Iran  [2005]

   

Zorriehzahra, Jalil
Rezvani, Sohrab

Abstract:
This investigation was conducted in order to find the etiological factors of fry mortality syndrome that causes notifiable economical lost in rainbow trout fish farms. During 43 months, from Sep. 1999 until May 2002, 52 fish farms and hatcheries which were located in Tehran, Mazandaran, Guilan, Fras, Markazi, Kerman and kohgiloyeh and boyerahmad provinces, were visited and samples from suspected fishes were obtained. The samples were consist of ovarian fluids and ovule, milt, egg, eyed-egg, larvae, fry less than I g and at 1-3 g as well as adult fish consist of internal organs. From these collected samples. 410 tissue sample, 899 sample, 55 Tissue sample, 200 larvae sample, 56 blood serum sample, 50 whole blood sample, 104 Tissue sample and 55 samples were used for Virological, Bacteriological, Electron Microscope assay, DF A T) , ELISA, Hematological, Histopathological and PCR assay, respectively. The clinical signs of suspected fishes were color darkness, exophthalmia, aschitis, whirling and abnormal swimming. No cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed after inoculation of suspected samples on the cell lines ofBF-2, FHM, and EPC. A number of some samples of 56 blood serum samples were identified as positive sample for IHN, VHS and IPN virus. Optical Density (OD) of positive samples was 7-9 times more than blank samples. Regarding to the result of this study, it could be indicated that the causative agents for fry mortality syndrome may be IHN, VHS and IPN viruses.

Chiti bean (phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes crossing and genetic analysis of traits.

2005

Dorri, Hamid Reza

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In order to genetic analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits and estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and spesific combining ability (SCA), an experiment was conducted through diallel crosses of six chiti beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris), using the method 2, model B, suggested by Griffing. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with two replications. The studied traits were: plant height, stem thickness, root dry weight, root lenght, phenology periods (V0, V1, ..., V4, R5, ..., R9), plant type, grain yield per plant, number of grains and pods per plant, weight of 100 seed, number of grains per pod and number of nodes per plant. GCA and SCA in the grain yield and yield components were significantly positive. G01437 and COS16 had positive GCA for grain yield and yield components. The results of genetic analysis based on Hayman method indicated that narrow heritability for grain yield was low (33%). But for yield components were 58%, 47% and 44% for No. Pods/plant, No. seeds/plant and weight of 100 seed, respectively. Therefore, selection based on yield components is better than selection for grain yield.

study on the effect of ecological factores on function of active substances of Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalass in Hamadan, Markazi, Kermanshah and Kurdistan provinces.

2004

Kalvandi, Ramazan; Atri, Morteza; Sefid Kon, Fatemeh; Mirza, Mahdi; Mozafariyn, Valiollah; Safi Khani, Keyvan; Najafi, Qasem

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This project for the first to be done with aim identification of habitations Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas medicinal species in Iran and study on the effect of ecological factories on active substances quantity and quality of different population of above species in four province in west Iran. Survey method on plant vegetation of including of T. eriocalyx in studied regions performed with use from new Eco-Phytosociologi method. In each studied habitat was harvested aerial parts of T. eriocalyx at full flowering stage and soil samples in each included endogen milieu for above species. After to prepare bring under data related with vegetation, was used from Anaphyto software and A.F.C program in order to data analysis and providing of raw and final tablet and grouping of plant groups. Air-dried aerial parts of Thymus eriocalyx for all samples, individually, were subjected to hydro-distillation. Then essential oils yields determined. Components of the essential oils were identified by a combination of capillary GC and GC/Mass. In order to study of significant effect of various habitats on essential oil quantity and quality we used from MSTATC statistical software. The end this project were resulted to identification of 13 new habitats for T.eriocalyx and determining 8 endogen milieu and 8 ecological groupments for T. eriocalyx and companion species. Also data analysis by Anaphyto software and A.F.C method determined 8 characterized plant groups. Extraction of essential oil of T.eriocalyx from 12 studied localities showed that haughtiest & lowest yield of essential oil of survey species arrangement belong to Khangormaz mountain in Hamadan province and Malgharani mountain in Kurdistan province. Phytochemical analysis of essential oil of different samples of T. eriocalyx in full flowering stage were resulted to indentification of forthy –two compounds. Characteristic compounds of essential oil of T. eriocalyx in full flowering stage including: Thymol (%1.60-%58.41), p-cymene (%0.53-%8.02), 1,8-cineole (%0.87-%8.52), Linalool (%1.80-%60.42), ل (%0.74-%24.90), Borneol (%0.62-%12.51), Carvarcrol -terpineole (%0.41-%19.43), Geraniol (%0.70-%50.53) and Geranyl acetate (%0.71-%26.62). In attention to obtained groups on based of four major compounds including: Thymol, Linalool, Geraniol and Geranyl acetate, that in essential oils of studied from 12 localities for T. eriocalyx have heightest precentage of essential oils, four major groups is presentability. Comparing of four major components of T. eriocalyx sample oils revealed at least four chemotypes. This 4 chemotypes including: 1- linalool chemotype 2- Thymol chemotype 3- Geraniol chemotype 4- Linalool / Thymol chemotype. Comparing of obtained groups in data analysis by A.F.C method and final tablet with four major groups of obtained in phytochemical results revealed correspoundancy and coordination between of two groupments. In other words, obtained groups in data analysis with A.F.C method and final tablet in survey of vegetation by Eco-Phytosociology method exactly comprised obtained chemotypes in phytochemical analysis

Study on the Autecology of Bromus tomentellus in Esfahan province.

2007

Eftekhari, Mahdi; Feyzi, Mohammad Taqi; Khoda Qoli, Morteza; Shirani, Kourosh

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Autecologic studies of plants especially in range lands give us valuable information about both relations among them and with environment also. These information help us particullarly in range management. In this way one of these plants as Bromus tomentellus Boiss. Has been studied in Esfahan province. The studied cases are topographjc,Climatic & soil Condition and dispersion actually ecologic fromtiers of its presence and etc. This specimen belonges to Gramineae (Poaceae) family. It is herbaceous, perennial, with culms 50-70cm tall, enveloped at the base by reticulate and fibrillouse dead sheaths, ligule short, panicule erect 9-10 cm long. Spikelets pale, 6-10 flowered 305-5 cm long. The awn 1-104 cm long. Dispersion: It has persence in west and middle Asia in Lebanon, Iraq, Turkey, Azarbayejan, Armenia and Afghanistan. In Iran mostly in semi Steppic Zones of IranoTourani area in northern and central provinces like khorasan, Golestan, Mazandaran, Azarbayejan, Kordestan,Kermanshahan,Lorestan,Zanjan,Hamadan,Ghazvin,Tehran,Markazi,Esfahanand Yazd . In Esfahan it is in montainous areas at abuot 1900- 3700 meters height of Semirom, Fereidan, Feridounshahr, Khansar, Golpayegan,Meimeh, Natanz, Kashan and Northwest of Naien. Climate: It grows in cold to temperate zones with abuot 200-400 mm rain fall and has tolerance to changes of temperature of about –20 to +40oc. Soil: The most Types of soil textures that it is observed on them are medium to heavy ones with elecrical conduclivity about 0.3- 0.5 ds/m and ph about 7-7/5. Land units: mostly on montains, hills, plateus, montainous plains. Companion plants: mostly are Astragalus spp., stipa spp., Agropyron spp., Ferula Ovina, Artemisia spp., Eryngium billardieri, Daphne mucronata. Phenology: : This plant starts new growing in about March. has flowering about May and seeding in about June. The preference value: in studied areas this parameter is about 10-40 percent.

In vitro micropropagation of Denderostellera lessertii Van Tiegh

2007

Ghamari Zare, A., Research Inistitute of Forests and Ranglands, Tehran; Ghorbanli, M., Scientifice Board Member of Gorgan Azad Islamic University, Gorgan; Hosseini, S., Master of Science Student of Payame Noor University, Tehran; Shahrzad, S., Research Inistitute of Forests and Ranglands, Tehran

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Dendrostellera lessertii Van Tiegh has been distributed around rangeland of Iran as an endemic plant species. The plants were not interest for animal and poultry, because of un-palatability. It's leaves extraction contains poisonous chemical materials which prevents cancer cells progression. The pure extraction D. lessertii's leaves effect on alkaline phosphatase enzyme of four types of human cancer cells. The seeds of D. lessertii were collected from ranglands of Esfahan and Markazi provinces of Iran. Seeds, after 42 hours being under running water, were disinfect with NaOCl (1%) for 5 min and cultured on medium treatments in a complete randomized block designed and the means of them were compared with Duncan test at ل=5 %. The best treatment for shooting was MS medium contains 1⁄2 KNO3, BAP (0.3 mg/l), 2ip (0.3 mg/l) and IBA (0.01 mg/l). Rooting of shoots carried out in 15 culture medium treatments (root's hormone, semi-solid or liquid substrate and concentration of sucrose and macro elements). The best treatment for rooting was 1/3 MS semi-solid contains 1/3 macro elements, 1⁄2 KNO3 and 1/3 Sucrose, with the IBA (0.5 mg/l). Rooted plantlets translated to puts contains humus, perlit and sand with the same amount (1:1:1) in germinator for adaptability. Keyworsd: Medicinal plant, Cancer cells, Micropropagation, Shooting, Rooting and adaptability

In vitro micropropagation of Denderostellera lessertii Van Tiegh  [2007]

   

Ghamari Zare, A., Research Inistitute of Forests and Ranglands, Tehran, Iran
Ghorbanli, M., Scientifice Board Member of Gorgan Azad Islamic University, Gorgan, Iran
Hosseini, S., Master of Science Student of Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Shahrzad, S., Research Inistitute of Forests and Ranglands, Tehran, Iran

Abstract:
Dendrostellera lessertii Van Tiegh has been distributed around rangeland of Iran as an endemic plant species. The plants were not interest for animal and poultry, because of un-palatability. It's leaves extraction contains poisonous chemical materials which prevents cancer cells progression. The pure extraction D. lessertii's leaves effect on alkaline phosphatase enzyme of four types of human cancer cells. The seeds of D. lessertii were collected from ranglands of Esfahan and Markazi provinces of Iran. Seeds, after 42 hours being under running water, were disinfect with NaOCl (1%) for 5 min and cultured on medium treatments in a complete randomized block designed and the means of them were compared with Duncan test at ل=5 %. The best treatment for shooting was MS medium contains 12 KNO3, BAP (0.3 mg/l), 2ip (0.3 mg/l) and IBA (0.01 mg/l). Rooting of shoots carried out in 15 culture medium treatments (root's hormone, semi-solid or liquid substrate and concentration of sucrose and macro elements). The best treatment for rooting was 1/3 MS semi-solid contains 1/3 macro elements, 12 KNO3 and 1/3 Sucrose, with the IBA (0.5 mg/l). Rooted plantlets translated to puts contains humus, perlit and sand with the same amount (1:1:1) in germinator for adaptability. Keyworsd: Medicinal plant, Cancer cells, Micropropagation, Shooting, Rooting and adaptability

Distribution of medicinal plants and their mycorrhizal status in mouteh wildlife refuge (Isfahan province, Iran)  [2008]

   

Khanpour Ardestani, N., M.S.c. Student in Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
Zare–Maivan, H., Associate Professor in Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
Ghanati, F., Assistant Professor of Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract:
Mycorrhiza is a mutualistic relationship between plant roots and fungal hyphae. Mycorrhizal associations significantly contribute to the ecological sustenance of the stressful environments such as arid and saline habitats of Mouteh region, Iran. Mouteh Wildlife Refuge, a 220000 ha reserve, is located in the northwest of Isfahan province and south of the Markazi province. Climate of the region is arid to semi- arid with hot Summers. Nowadays, management of plant-microbe symbioses such as Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) is considered for restoration of disturbed ecosystems and sustenance of natural ecosystems. In this investigation, we have studied occurrence of VAM in the rhizosphere of major medicinal plant species in Mouteh. Eight sampling stations were selected. Plant and soil samples were collected from 32 plots (10 ×10 m) during Fall and Spring of 2003. Soil and root samples from the top 30 cm were collected and relevant ecological data were recorded. Samples were transferred to the laboratory in proper conditions and were stored properly. Soil was sieved through 720, 420 ، 250 ، 170 ، 106 and 38 mesh screens to remove large pieces. Root pieces were isolated and air-dried. The soil was analyzed chemically, physically and biologically in the lab. Some root pieces were used for preparing longitudinal sections manually and were stained with lacto phenol cotton blue.

Research development and seed production of oilseeds crops in Iran (Sesame subproject)  [2008]

   

A`ttari, Ahmad A`li

Abstract:
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is the oldest oil crop of the world . It originated from Africa and distributed in India , Japan , pakestan , and Iran. World plant area and production of sesame are about 7-7.3 million hectare and 3 million ton while for other oil crops(rape seed, cotton , ground nut , sunflower , soybean ) were 199.266 million hectares and 376 million tons . plant area and seed production in Iran are about 35-40 thousand hectares and 25 thousand tons and with 729 Kg/ha grain yield in average .The crop is suitable for warm and semi warm regions.(25o latitude) but new varieties can be planted from 40o latitude (China , Russia ,USA ) to 30-35o (Australia and South America).Iran is a good region for sesame planting( from zagrose south amplitude - Persian golf-to Caspian sea coast). Abundant of lights and warm condition are necessary for this crop.Growth period af sesame is about 80-150 days but in Iran is about 110-120 days.It can be planted as second planting after autum crops in dry and warm coasts of Persian golf and first planting in Kavir markazi borders after harvesting if barley.This project suggested by SPII and approved by scientific research councel in 2000 to improved research activities and seed production (Totak) .The project were divided in 3 branches of Sunflower with 261 experimental designs , Soybean with 123 experimental designs and Sesane with 93 experimental designs).

Study on the Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Manure on Growth and Yield of Two lilium Varieties (Navona and Dazzle)  [2008]

   

Khalaj, Mohammad A`li
Danesh Khah, Morteza
Hassanzadeh, Seyf Ol-Lah
Yusef Beygi, Anusheh

Abstract:
In order to study on the effect of diferent nitrogen levels and manure on growth and yield of lilium, an experiment was caried out in 2 locations: (the national ornamental plants research station of mahallat) and Karaj Agricultural Education Complex, Ministry of Jihad- e Agricultural in Randomized complete block design as split factorial with 3 replications. Manure used as main plot, variety and nitrogen levels as factorial in secondary plot, as fallow: Main plot: 0 and 10 tons manure. Sub plot: Nitrogen levels as: 0-30-60-90-120 kg mg nitrogen from amounium nitrate and two lilium varieties: Dazzle (yelow) and navona (white). Results of analysis showed that hight, stem diameter, flower diameter, vase life of Dazzle (yellow) was beter than navona (white) variety in the first site,that for yellow variety were 68.3, 0.96, 15.1 Cm and 11.4 days against for white variety were 57.5, 0.93, 12.7 Cm and 10.9 days respectively. Results of second location were the same as first site, that for yellow variety were 67.4, 0.99, 19.9 Cm and 10.5 days against for white variety were 58.1, 0.94, 17.9 Cm and 10.3 days respectively The evalution of quality and quantity characteristics showed the Dazzle variety is better than navona in two locations for this case, by selecting of the 6 best treatments for quality and quantity characteristics as mentioned above, in two locations, treetments as P2V2N30 and P2V2N60 [P2=without manure,V2=(Dazzle)yellow variety]were the best of all.

Effect of preharvest foliar application of different amounts and sources of calcium and ـ - Naphthalene acetic acid on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of EIlona, cut Roses.  [2008]

   

Bani Jamali, Mohammad
Kiyani, Shah Ram
Edrisi, Behzad
A`jam Gard, Fereydun
Hassan Zadeh, Seyf Ol-Lah
Yusef Beygi, Anusheh
Pak Nezhad, A`li Reza
Mihan Khah, Moslem
A`lavi, A`bbas

Abstract:
In order to determine the effects of foliar application of different sources and rates of calcium and ل -naphtalen acetic acid on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of rose flower cv Ilona, this experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block with three replications during 2003-2006 in the national ornamental plants research station of Mahallat and Safi Abad agricultural research center. In this experiment, rose plants were sprayed with three rates of calcium (0, 0.3 and 0.6 g.l-1) from three sources (calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and calcium chelate) in combination with two levels of ل -naphtalen acetic acid (0 and 9 mg.l-1). The results in Mahallat showed that interaction between calcium consumption with 0.3 g.l-1 from calcium nitrate source with companion ل -Naphthalene acetic acid caused significant increase in vase life of rose flower (ل = 0.05 ) in comparison with control abput 4.60 days (40%). Interaction between ل -Naphthalene acetic acid usage and calcium in 0.3 g.l- 1 at the most amount caused significantly increused calcium of leaf (ل = 0.05 ) without considering kind of calcium source. Interaction between calcium nitrate in 0.3 g.l-1 calcium caused the most amount of N,Mg and B, inspite of it wasn,t significant. With regard to instance above calcium consumption from calcium nitrate source with 0.3 g.l-1 calcium furthermore ل -Naphthalene acetic acid with 9 mg.l-1 under indoor condition recomended.

Detection and identification of viral diseases of carnation in carnation greenhouses in Mahallat.  [2008]

   

Bayat, Hossein
Talebi, Hamid
Bananej, Kaveh

Abstract:
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) can be infected by several viruses that some are specific carnations. After observation of viral diseases-like symptoms on carnation greenhouses in Mahallat, including reddish- purple flecks and spots on leaves, necrosis of old leaves, mild mottling and etched and ring patterns of top leaves, collected samples were test against carnation vein mottle virus (CVMV) , carnation etched ring virus(CERV) and carnation ring spot virus(CRSV) applying double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and carnation mottle virus(CarMV), carnation ring spot virus(CRSV) and carnation necrotic fleck virus(CNFV) applying indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Indirect-ELISA) methods . The selected positive samples were mechanically inoculated to suitable indicator plants using 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH=7.The test plants further analyzed by ELISA for verification of bioassay results. Infected samples with CERV and CNFV based on serological results, don't show symptoms on anyone indicator plants. On the basis of these results, from 565 collected samples, 353 were infected. CarMV with 66.3% , had highest level of infection in carnation greenhouses of Mahallat. The incidence of CNFV, CERV and CVMV were 52, 25 and 5 percentage, respectively. Samples did not any reaction to CRSV. CarMV was the most common virus that infected carnations in Mahallat. The incidence of CarMV was varied in different varieties.

Study on the effect of Nitrogen, potassium and Boron on Calyx splitting decreasing and quality and quantity characteristic improving of carnation (cv. yellow)  [2007]

   

Khalaj, Mohammad Ali
Hassanzadeh, Sefollah
Yussefbeigi, Anoosheh
Edrisi, Behzad

Abstract:
To study on the effect of nitrogen, potassium and Boron on decreasing of Calyx splitting and improving of quality and quantity characteristic carnation (var. Yellow), an experiment was carried out on 3 factors randomized complete block design with 3 replications in pots in the national ornamental plant research center (Mahallat). Nitrogen treatment was at 3 levels as: 0-100-200 mg/kg from ammonium nitrate, potassium levels as: 0-150-300 mg/kg from potassium sulfate and Boron 0-7.5-15 mg/kg from boric acid. Results of first year showed that N3K2B2 (200 mg/kg N. and 150 mg/kg K.) was the best treatment. In this treatment calyx splitting decreased about 85% against farmer conventional fertilizing. In this treatment flower number increased about 33% against control.Data showed that largest bud diameter obtained from N2K3B1 with 2 cm that has not significant difference with control. Data showed that largest flower diameter was N3K3B2 with 7.39 cm that has not different with control (6.98). The best treatment for vase life was N3K2B2 with 13.6 days that increased it about 27% against control. Results of second year showed that N3K2B2 decreased calyx splitting clearly. In this treatment calyx splitting decreased about 60% against control. In this treatment flower number increased about 32% against control. ). The best treatment for vase life was N2K2B3 with 7.6 days that increased it about 21% against control.

The Study Effect of Particle Size and Rate of Zeolite in Media Amendment on Ficus bengamina Growth Indices  [2007]

   

Mahboub Khomami, Ali
Alireza, H.
Alipoor, R.
Hojatii, S. A.

Abstract:
In order to study the effects of particle size and rate of natural zeolite in pot media of Ficus benjamin growth indices, an experiment was carried out in Greenhouse of ornamental plant research station of Lahijan for two years (2003- 2004). A factorial complete block design with two sizes of zeolite (0.5- 3 mm and 3- 8mm), five levels (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) and four replications were used. The zeolite according to particle size and rate replaced instead of peat in peat + Perlite (2 : 1 volume percent) media and transferred to 4 liter volume pots. Every 10 day 200 cm3 nutrient solution applied which including of 130 mg/liter nitrogen, 32 mg/liter phosphorus and 117 mg/liter potash. The results showed that two size of zeolite in all applied rate in replacement of zeolite instead of peat + perlit media, had significantly (p = 0.05) in creased media Ca, Fe, Mn and pH in comparison with to control. The replacement of 10 - 30% zeolite instead of peat in peat+ perlit had no significant differences in shoot and fresh leaf weight, shoot and dry leaf weight, dry shoot weight and dry leaf weight in comprised with control plant. With respect to high price of peat moss for potting media, replacement of 10- 30% zeolite could be cause to decrease the cost of growth media with plant mass production nearly to control plant.

Effect of chemical treatments on the longevity and characteristics of rose and carnation cut flowers and their economic comparison  [2005]

   

Edrisi , Behzad
Kalaei, Ali
Rezaei, Asghar
Azimi, Mohammad Hoseyn

Abstract:
In agricultural production specially ornamental plants, obviate of problems in postharvest stage such as longer time of storage and decrease of costs are very important. So in this study, the effect of some chemical treatments on vase life longevity of carnation and Rose &ldquoIlona&rdquo, increasing the vase life in order to marketing development and replacement of more safe chemical material in view of bioenvironment, investigated. Until can use from cheaper, favorite, and more safe cases. So with attention to effects of treatments and costs of doing them, economical comparisons caried out. In this study attempt that storage condition of cut flowers be according to standard export condition and effects of chemical treatments investigated by pulsing method. The experiments evaluated separately for rose and carnation in two random complete block designs with three replications and following treatments: Control ,Ethanol (8%) , STS , Nicel sulfate ,Cobalt chloride ,Alominium sulfate, Zinc acetate, Copper nitrate , Copper sulfate, HQC and sodium hypochloride Analysis of variance for carnations revealed that both trait of vase life and qualitative have significant difference. Comparison of means indicated that copper compounds specialy coper nitrate have most and alominium sulfate least effect on the carnation&rsquos flowers longevity and quality by LSD test (prob 5%).

Effect of plant density on yield and morpho-phenological traits of promising white bean lines  [2006]

   

Ghanbari, Ali Akbar
Sarlak, Abolghasem
Iranshahi, Mohammad

Abstract:
In order to study and determine the suitable plant density for promising white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines and its effect on grain yield and yield affective traits, an experiment was conducted in the national bean research station of Khomein for two years (2004-2005). In this research, 4 promising lines (KS41105, KS41124, Ks41128, KS41134) as well as variety of Daneshkadeh were sown in 4 different plant densities (30, 40, 50 and 60 plants per m2) as Factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that the lines significantly differed in plant height, days to maturity, pods/plant, grains/pod, grains/plant, 100 grain weight, stem diameter, branches/plant and grain yield. Effect of plant density on pods/plant, grains/plant, stem diameter, branches/plant and grain yield was significant at the 5% level of probability. Interaction between two factors was only affected traits of plant height and grain yield. The highest grain yield (4093 kg/ha) was obtained from KS41134. Also, the treatment of 60 plants/m2 by mean grain yield of 4080 kg/ha was the best plant density. In the end results, we propose 60 plants/m2 for the KS41105 and KS41124, 40 plants/m2 for the KS41128 and Daneshkadeh, and 50 plants/m2 for the KS41134. Since the effect of year was significant for some of considered traits, therefore the simple analysis of variance was applied that were following its results.

Nutritive value of wheat straw spent Compost of Agaricus bisporus mushroom as ruminant feed  [2007]

   

Talebiyan Mas`oudi, A`li Reza
Faza`li, Hasan
Borji, Mohsen

Abstract:
Spent compost wheat straw is an available by – product, remained from edible mushroom production, which is constitutes a potential pollutant and cost effective for disposal. This experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value of spent wheat straw compost from Agaricus bisporus mushroom as ruminant feed. Spent compost was provided from a mushroom farm and the casing soil was removed from the whole compost. The spent straw was sun dried and sampled for chemical analysis. A pre test was carried out to determine the possibility free choice intake of the straw, using of 8 mature male sheep for 7 days. Then the main trial was conducted, in which four wheat straw based diets includingcontrol (I), 10% spent straw (II), 20% spent straw (III) and 30% spent straw (IV) were tested in sheep. The diets were formulated to provide the maintenance requirements and fed to 8 sheep for 56 days experiment in a Latin square based design (change over) in 4 periods of time. Dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), Digestible dry matter intake (DDMI) digestible organic matter intake (DOMI), digestibility of dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD), crude protein (CPD), crude fiber (CFD), acid detergent fiber (ADFD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) and nitrogen balance were determined. Data obtained from the pre-test indicated that the spent wheat straw could not be accepted by sheep as a sole feed. The DMI were 74.0, 73.8, 70.2 and 57.1OMI 62.7, 63.4, 58.0 and 44.

Determination of Nutritive value of Bean straw in ruminant nutrition  [2007]

   

Mirza`ie,
Borji, Mohsen
Fazae`li, Hasan
Azizi, Ramezan A`li

Abstract:
This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestibility (in vivo and in vitvo), ruminal degradability and gas production parameters of the bean straws. Samples were collected from 15 villages located in three climatic zones (semi arid, moutainous and cold and mountainous) of Markazy province (Iran) and from three locations in every village. Chemical composition was determined by standard methods and digestibility also was determined by in vitro and in vivo methods. The gas production measured by in vitro and degradability by dacron bags method. The mean content of CP, EE, CF, NDF, ADF, ADL, and Ash in bean straws were 7.33 ± 1.29, 1.14 ± 0.41, 30.84 ± 3.4, 59.79 ± 10.46, 42.98 ± 8.45, 14.07 ± 2.33 and 12.72 ± 3.61 percent respectively, that were not significantly different between regions with exception for NDF and ADF. The cocentration of minerals including Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were 1.15 ± 0.14, 0.19 ± 0.02, 0.00074 ± 0.00042, 1.38 ± 0.17, and 0.23 ± 0.03 percent, 268.3 ± 38.47, 166.35 ± 23.85, 14.10 ± 2.53 and 16.92 ± 3.04 mg per Kg respectively. In vitro DMD and OMD varied betwean 71.02-73.8 and 68.95-71.35 percent in bean straws. Averge in vivo digestibility of straws for CP, OM, CF, NEF, ADF and NDF were approximately 56.3, 63.56, 50.16, 74.75, 52.95 and 58.82 percent that differences among regions were not statistically significant except for ADF. Extent of degradation for DM (a+b) derermined by nylon-bag technique was 76

Effects of Different Amounts and Split Application of Nitrogen on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Rose Flower cv. Mohandesi (Ilona)  [2008]

   

Kiyani, Shahram
A`jam Gard, Ferydun
Pak Nezhad, A`li Reza
Mahin Khah, Moslem
A`lavi, A`bbad

Abstract:
In order to determine the effects of different amounts and split application of nitrogen on the yield and quality indices of rose flower (Rosa hybrida L.) cv. Mohandesi (Ilona) a 4- year factorial trial was conducted at Safi Abad agricultural research center in 2002-2006 as completely randomized block design in three replications. The treatments were as follows: Nitrogen at five rates: 0, 150,300,450 and 600 Kg/ha from urea and split application of nitrogen at three levels: first level: 2/3 of nitrogen after fall pruning + 1/3 in bud formation stage (farmers` conventional methods). Second level: 1/3 of nitrogen after fall pruning + 1/3 in vegetative quick growth + 1/3 in bud formation stage. Third level: 1/4 of nitrogen after fall pruning + 1/4 in vegetative quick growth + 1/4 in bud formation stage + 1/4 in middle of flowering period.The results of combined variance analysis revealed that the main effects on nitrogen rate on number of flowers per plant and flowers number in first and second classes per plant significantly increased at 1% level. But the main effects of split application of nitrogen and interaction effects between nitrogen rates and split levels on mentioned indices did not significant. Also leaf mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium and manganese were affected by the main effects on nitrogen rate. Besides, iron and zinc were affected by the main effects of split application of nitrogen.

The survey of effect some environmental factor on growth red alge (Gracilaria corticata) in fiber glass tanks  [2004]

   

Akbari, H., Fisheries Markazi Province, Arak
Foorughi-Fard, H., Oman Sea and Persian Gulf Research Center Iran.
Ashrafzadeh, Sh., Fisheries IranCo., Tehran

Abstract:
In order to survey effects some environmental factor on growth G. corticata in fiberglass tanks, was choosen four season of year and studied pH , temperature and salinity density 500 gr/m-2. On this way pH , temperature and salinity measured on daily, biometry was done every week once too, Seasons of Spring and Autumn have maximum growth rate percentage and net productivity by 3/74 ± 0/31 ,38/3 ± 5/4 and 3/17 ± 0/1 , 27/6 ± 3/57 , respectively . In this survey range of temperature was 23 ؛C to 32 ؛C for Spring and 23 ؛C to 30 ؛C for Autumn. Optimun growth and increased weight aquaired in 28 ؛C . Salinity not showed different range and recorded in 36-40 ppt for the all season. At the other hand pH not showed different range and calculated in 8/14 ± 0/04 to 8/78± 0/05 for the all seasons, so growth rate weight not related to different range of pH and salinity. Key words: Red algea, Gracilaria Corticata, Environmental Factors, Growth, Tank

Effect of compost leachate on yield and chemical composition of corn and the effects of leachate residual on soil characteristics  [2003]

   

Gandomkar, A., Member of Scientific Staff of Safi-Abad Agric. Res. Ctr. Dezful, Khuzestan
Kalbasy, M., Pro. of Isfahan Technical University, Respectively
Ghorani, A., Head of Compost Recycling org of Isfahan

Abstract:
Considering appropriate adaptability of different wild species of pistacia in different arid and semi-arid environment of the country as well as its high value from the point of view of rezin and other chemical production, oil, and pharmacological consumption of their seeds, founding their habitats in the different areas of Markazi province (as a sub-project of the national project under the title of The study of pistacia distribution and related influencing factors in Iran) seems to be important. In this project first of all, the basic informaton including topographical,soil, climate, geologyl, and landuse map of Nazar Kardeh mountain in Saveh Town ship with 1/50000 scale were prepared and digitized.In order to study the phenological characteristics of the species.The parameters, such as the number of trees in the samples, trees height, trees width diameters, the time of flowering, the time of leaf appearance, the amount of seeds and its color, ... were recorded in sampling areas. After establishing the DEM of the areas, aspect and slope map were also produced using dfdx and dfdy filter using Ilwis Academic program package. On the basis of this investigation the following results were obtained. The distribution limits are located between 1080 to 1293 above sea level.The density of trees are 30 – 50 individuals per ha.The average hight of the trees is 3.27 m, and the maximum hight is 5 m.The average height of the tree trunk is about 1.18m.The average tree crown height is 2.

Determination of present situation and guaidance for quantitative and qualitative improvements of important stone fruits (peach, apricot, cherry and plum) in Iran.  [2009]

   

Khosh-Khui, M.
Grigurian,V.
Tafazoli, E.
Khalighi, A.

Abstract:
To investigate the present situation and determining the production problems and also presenting the guidance for quantitative and qualitative improvements of peach, apricot, cherry and plum, a research was conducted form 2003 to 2004. First, using the statistics published by Ministry of Agricultural Jihad, 18 provinces of important fruit producing and a few cities in each province was determined. Then, using a questionnaire, all aspects of information from these centers were gathered. Provinces selected were east Azarbayejan, west Azarbayejan, Ardebil, Isfahan, Tehran, Chaharmahal Bakhtiari, Razavi Khorasan, Zanjan, Semnan, Kurdestan, Kerman, Kohkiluieh and Boyerahmad, Golestan, Lorestan, Markazi and Hamedan. The results showed that due to some problems in cultivation of these fruits, especially early spring frost most of early-fruiting species like apricot and peach trees are damaged. The mean average yields per hectare of peach, apricot, cherry and plum are less than mean average yields of two important countries in Europe (France and Italy). In the year of 2004, according to FAO report, mean average yield per hectare of peach in Iran was 15.29 tons. While in France and Italy were 20.52 and 17.35 tons, respectively. In the same year, these statistics for apricot were 8.9, 10.3 and 12.45 tons, respectively, for Iran, France and Italy. In the case of cherry, mean average yield per hectare for Iran was 5.67 tons and in France 4.83 tons and in Italy 3.11 tons.

Comparison of Common Methods of Brucellosis diagnosis(2me,Wright,Rosebangle)using Elisa in Sheep and Goat  [1998]

   

Hosseini , S.D

Abstract:
The present survey carried ou t to corn parison the current brucel1a diagnostic tests with Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa )in sheep and Goat. Three hundered sheers and Goats Were bled from infected herds ,and their sera screened individually using Rose Bengal plate aggl uti na tion (RBPT),Serum agglutination,2Merca ptoethanol, Corn plement Fixation test (cft)a nd Enzyma linked immunosorbent assay ((Elisa). The herds were not vaccinated against brucella agent at the time of this study. From these samples only ,46% , 52% . 28% , 28% . 23% , With Elisa cft. SAT, RBPT and ME were positive-,respectivey. Also, brucella were isolated from all of the Elisa positive sampls.

Determination of mechanization indices related to conventional primary tillage in ten different regions  [2009]

   

Safari, M., Agricultural Engineering Research Institute
Almasi, M., Ahwaz Shahid Chamran University

Abstract:
Increasing productivity, reducing costs and suitable application of agricultural machines can be achieved by using uniform methods and application of social, economical and technical indices that is adaptable to agricultural conditions of different areas. There is no detail information for many parts of the country, hence providing and presenting development patterns will not have scientific credit and applicability without these fundamental data. In this study, tillage indices and coefficients as a agricultural main operation was determined by sampling from conventional tractors (MF285, U650 and John Deer 3140) in Tehran, Fars, Isfahan, Khoozestan, Darab, Hamedan,Moghan,Semnan, Khorasan, Shahrekord and Markazi areas during tillage. Results showed that average tillage mechanization degree was 98.6%. So, these areas were full mechanized in aspect of tillage. Mechanization level was 0.96 hp/ha (upper than average of the country). Mechanization capacity and hectare per tractor were 55kW.h/ha and 50.45 respectively that is showed the power consumption per hectare during one hour is 55kW and there was one tractor for each 50ha of field. The maximum and minimum application power coefficient was for Moghan and Fars areas respectively. Effective field capacity and theoretical capacity were 0.31 ha/h and 0.45 ha/h respectively. Field efficiency was 68.85 % that was less than world standards.

Estimating and mapping of sediment yield for Iran  [1388]

   

Arabkhedri, Mahmood
Khojien, Ali Vali
Hakimkhani, Shahrokh
Charkhabi, Amir Hossein
Telvari, Abdulrasool

Abstract:
First, "mean load within discharge class and daily flow record" method was selected based on comparisons with sedimentation observations in Dez and Minab reservoirs and continuous sediment concentration records in Ghazaghly hydrometric station on Gorganrood river. Then, we calculated SSYs at 209 hydrometric stations with the selected method. Average specific SSY of country and first and second order basins of Iran determined. Average specific SSY of Iran is about 2 t/ha. Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Markazi and Kashaf-Rood first order basins are less and Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf first order basins are more than Countriy's average. Hamoon-e-Jazmoorian, Minab, Baloochestan-e-jonobi, and Maroon and Zohreh basins had more specific SSY than other second order basins. 44 sediment yield 1:1000000 maps were prepared for second order basins. In these maps in addition of base information such as rivers network and hydrometric stations; SSY, specific SSY and turbidity were showed as point map and also specific SSY as area map with different signs and colors. In the second part of this research plan regional anlysis of SSY in 5 second order basins of Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Sefidrood, Daryacheh-e-Namak, Saheli-e-Khazar and Gorganrood were performed using multiple regression. About 20 geometric, meteorological and hydrologic, geologic and land use basin characteristics were measured at each basin. Then we developed a few regression models for SSY estimation and finally selected 17 models.

Critical Period of Weed Control in Chitti Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) And Its Economic Modeling  [2004]

   

Lakdari, Mohammad Reza
Kalaee, Ali
Hadizadeh, Mohammad Hosein

Abstract:
Field studies were conducted in 2001 and 2002 to determine the critical period for weed control in Chitti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris ) at the Bean Research Station of Khomein .The experimental design was split plot with randomized complete block designs. Main plot was two line of Chitti bean included KS-21467 and KS- 21480 and sub plot was weed free and weed infested period until 20, 28 , 36 and 44 days after planting (DAP) with two weed free and weedy checks. The critical period for KS-21467 in 2001 and 2002 at 5% yield loss were 20-53 DAP (V3-R6) and 35-51 DAP ( R5-middle of R6) and at 10% yield loss were 35-43 DAP (V4.5- R5) and 37-40 DAP (R6) , respectively. The critical period for KS-21480 in 2001 and 2002 at 5% yield loss were 20-73 DAP (V3-first R6) and 19-77 DAP (V4-R7) and at 10% yield loss were 26-54 DAP (V4-R5) and 24-64 DAP (V4-R6) ,respectively. The average number of pods per plant for both lines was reduced by invreasing duration of weed interference in both years. Number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight were less affected. Then using benefit cost ratio method the most economic treatments were selected. The results show that weed free treatment is the best choice in line of chiti bean ks-21480. Also in line of chiti bean ks-21467 treatment number 4 in first year and treatment number 9 in second year were the most economic choice.

Collecting , in situ evaluation and toxonomical identification of triticum of wild triticum species for utilizing and conservation  [2003]

   

Totiaei, Abdolhossein
Dadfar, Saeed
Safaei, Faraidoon
Hazratgholi, SeraJ
Abdollah poor , Hossein
Abassi, Kamaledin
Javadi, Firoozeh
Taeb, Mohammad
Jahanbin, Gholamhossein
Mirakhorli, Mohammad
Kanani
Hassanzadeh Ghoort tapeh, Abdolah
Ebrahimi, Rahmat
Safaei, Homa

Abstract:
Iran , specially in the Zagros mountain ranges , has a valuable diversity in the related wild species of wheat . Since 1997 a research project on the collection of related wild species of wheat was started , which were divided mainly into 2 groups , eincorn (diploid) and emmer (tetraploid) , in 11 provinces ( Khorasan , East and West Azarbayejan , Ardabil , Zanjan , Tehran , Markazi , Lorestan , Kordestan , Kermanshah , Ilam , chahar mahal , Fars , based on existing published flora . The findings of this project until 2002 , showed a collection of population samples from eincorn goups ( triticum boeoticum and T. urartu) and population samples from the emmer groups (Triticum dicoccoides and T. araraticum). After recording the data of the area and planting in the field , results showed there is not significant difference between days of heading and maturity with environment conditions (Gusan classification). Most diversified area in view of species were south of west Azarbayejan , kordestan and north west of Kermanshah province and also there is a significant correlation between category of enviroment and level of poloidy .

Identification, regeneration and evaluation of agro morphological charactes of Alfalfa accessions in National Plant Gene Bank.  [2003]

   

Abbasi, Mohammad Reza
Javadi, Firouzeh
Ghanavati, Farangis
Hemmati, Farhad
Moghadam, Ali
Seraj, Hazrat Gholi

Abstract:
Alfalfa or green gold is the most important forage crops. Iran is the center of genetic diversity for alfalfa. To access to high yield cultivars or lines in the sustainable agriculture you have to use genetic resources. 435 accessions were planted in two years (1377 and 1378). Each accession was planted at two rows with 2 meter length. To identify taxa, herbarium samples were prepared from each accession. 332 accessions were identified as alfalfa (Medicago sativa), 44 accessions of annual medics and some species from other genera. Annual medics and 185 alfalfa accessions seeds were regenerated and transferred in to seed storage room. Agromorphological characters for Medicago species were characterized according to IPGRI descriptors. Statistical parameters such as dispersions and center tendency, and CV, Shannon index, correlation coefficient were calculated for each trait. Also cluster and factor analysis were done. In alfalfa accessions these results were determined: central leaflet area differed from 70 to 458 mm2. Days to 10% flowering after each cutting ranged from 17 to 40 days, this trait showed 23 days diversity, so it could be a good subject to breeding. Plant height at 50% flowering ranged from 20 to 73 cm. Most of alfalfa accessions were completely susceptible to alfalfa weevil, just one accessions was semi-susceptible to the pest. 1000-seed weight differed from 1.5 to 3.1 g.

Role of social capital in collective action and public work participation: A case of land consolidation in Iran  [sep2007]

   

Yokoyama, S.(Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki)
Moazami, M.

Abstract:
The role of social capital in community collective action and public work participation was investigated featuring the land semiarid area, Arak District, Markazi Province, Iran. An intensive farm household survey was conducted to identify and measure the level of social capitals and their impacts on participation rate in collective action and land consolidation project. Logit regression analysis was applied to 177 household samples. Neither human capital (educational level) nor physical capital (land holding size) did not influence community activities participation. While physical capital has negative impact on land consolidation participation. It appears that the larger farmers, who already expanded their farm size through spontaneous land exchange with neighbor farmers, had little incentive to participate in land consolidation. Cognitive bonding social capital, measured by the degree of trust in community members, was significantly positive to participate in community collective actions, while not in land consolidation. Cognitive linking social capital, measured by the degree of farmers' trust in local government extension officer, was significantly positive on participation in land consolidation but not for community activities. Solidarity of community members was not significant for both cases.

Estimating and mapping of sediment yield for Iran.  [2004]

   

A`rab Khedri, Mahmud
Khujini, A`li Vali
Hakim Khani, Shah Rokh
Charkhabi, Amir Hossein
Telvari, A`bd Ol-Rasul

Abstract:
First, "mean load within discharge class and daily flow record" method was selected based on comparisons with sedimentation observations in Dez and Minab reservoirs and continuous sediment concentration records in Ghazaghly hydrometric station on Gorganrood river. Then, we calculated SSYs at 209 hydrometric stations with the selected method. Average specific SSY of country and first and second order basins of Iran determined. Average specific SSY of Iran is about 2 t/ha. Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Markazi and Kashaf-Rood first order basins are less and Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf first order basins are more than Countriy's average. Hamoon-e-Jazmoorian, Minab, Baloochestan-e-jonobi, and Maroon and Zohreh basins had more specific SSY than other second order basins. 44 sediment yield 1:1000000 maps were prepared for second order basins. In these maps in addition of base information such as rivers network and hydrometric stations; SSY, specific SSY and turbidity were showed as point map and also specific SSY as area map with different signs and colors. In the second part of this research plan regional anlysis of SSY in 5 second order basins of Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Sefidrood, Daryacheh-e-Namak, Saheli-e-Khazar and Gorganrood were performed using multiple regression. About 20 geometric, meteorological and hydrologic, geologic and land use basin characteristics were measured at each basin. Then we developed a few regression models for SSY estimation and finally selected 17 models.

Estimating and mapping of sediment yield for Iran.  [2004]

   

A`rab Khedri, Mahmud
Khujini, A`li Vali
Hakim Khani, Shah Rokh
Charkhabi, Amir Hossein
Telvari, A`bd Ol-Rasul

Abstract:
First, "mean load within discharge class and daily flow record" method was selected based on comparisons with sedimentation observations in Dez and Minab reservoirs and continuous sediment concentration records in Ghazaghly hydrometric station on Gorganrood river. Then, we calculated SSYs at 209 hydrometric stations with the selected method. Average specific SSY of country and first and second order basins of Iran determined. Average specific SSY of Iran is about 2 t/ha. Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Markazi and Kashaf-Rood first order basins are less and Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf first order basins are more than Countriy's average. Hamoon-e-Jazmoorian, Minab, Baloochestan-e-jonobi, and Maroon and Zohreh basins had more specific SSY than other second order basins. 44 sediment yield 1:1000000 maps were prepared for second order basins. In these maps in addition of base information such as rivers network and hydrometric stations; SSY, specific SSY and turbidity were showed as point map and also specific SSY as area map with different signs and colors. In the second part of this research plan regional anlysis of SSY in 5 second order basins of Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Sefidrood, Daryacheh-e-Namak, Saheli-e-Khazar and Gorganrood were performed using multiple regression. About 20 geometric, meteorological and hydrologic, geologic and land use basin characteristics were measured at each basin. Then we developed a few regression models for SSY estimation and finally selected 17 models.

Evaluation and developing sediment rating curves models for estimating sediment yield of flood events (Case of study: Ghare Chay Basin)  [2009]

   

Dadashzadeh Asl, F., MSc in Natural Resourus
Mohseni Saravi, M., Academic Member of Tehran University
Ahmadi, H., Academic Member of Tehran University
Vervani, J., Academic Member of Islamic Azad University (Arak Branch)

Abstract:
Estimating flood events sediment yield is of the main and basic issues in watershed management strategies .On the other hand there are little investigations about sediment yield behavior of the flood events and applicability of the sediment rating curves to estimate sediment load of flood events. In this research in order to investigate bias and errors of the sediment rating curves in estimating sediment load of the flood events ,the estimated values of 10 kind of rating curves(one- variable and Multi-variable) compared by the observed values of some hourly monitored flood events in the Gharachay River of Markazi provinces .By considering accuracy and precision indexes the results shows that in this case the FAO's method has relatively closer estimates to the observed one because FAO coefficient is increaser coefficient, therefore increase one line and middle limit sediment rating curve under estimating in closed to actual value. and despite of suitable applicability of the Multi-variable sediment rating curve method in estimating annual sediment yield in reason of un suitable disperse of flood data , it could not prove to be applicable in the flood events cases.

The evaluation of morphological traits, emergence characteristics and electrical conductivity rate of seed and their relationship with plant stand in five genotypes of chiti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)  [2009]

   

Borji, M., Agricultural and Natural Research Center of Markazi Province
Ghorbanli, M., Islamic Azad University. Gorgan Branch
Sarlak, M., Graduated of Payame Noor University

Abstract:
The common bean is an important food because of its high protein content and generous amounts of fiber, complex carbohydrates, and other dietary necessities. In order to determine characteristics of produced bean's genotypes in our country and because there are some relationships between these characteristics this work was done. Thus some morphological and physiological traits of seeds of five Chiti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars including, Talash, Mahali Khomein, Cos-16, G 14088 and GO1437 genotypes was determined. The study was carried out in Agricultural Research Center of Arak - Iran (Research Station of Khomein's Bean) in 2004-2005. The seeds were growth in a light soil with plenty of moisture in the growing season. The seed planting was arranged as randomized block design (RBD) with four replicates. The size (length, width and thickness) of the seeds, shape index (A/B), shape of the seeds, 100-seed-weight, the seed bigness, moisture content, testa rates, the speed and rates of the water absorption, electrical conductivity, the germination percent and percent and duration of emergence were determined that experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. In addition correlation between parameters was determined by statistical methods. The bean cultivars had very significant difference (P0.01) in seed size (length 11.6-12.9 and width 7.4-9.1 mm), shape index (1.2-1.6), 100 seed's weight(30.8-47.9 gr), testa rates(8.1-9

Application of culture and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) methods for isolation and identification of Mycoplasma synoviae on broiler chicken farms  [2011]

   

Bayatzadeh, M,A., Graduate student of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
Pourbakhsh, S.A., Mycoplasma reference laboratory, Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Karaj, Iran
Homayounimehr, A.R., Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran
Ashtari, A., Mycoplasma reference laboratory, Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Karaj, Iran
Abtin, A.R., Mycoplasma reference laboratory, Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Karaj, Iran

Abstract:
Mycoplasma synoviae ( M. synoviae ) is a major worldwide poultry pathogen that causes serious economic losses in the poultry industry. This study was designed to detect M. synoviae through culture isolation and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) assay to demonstrated the involvement of M. synoviae infection in trachea and the lung/air sac samples taken from commercial broiler chicken farms in 3 main provinces of Iran ( Tehran, Markazi and Qazvin ) , with clinical signs of the disease. Total of 43 samples were cultured in PPLO broth media supplemented for M. synoviae isolation. The bacteria DNAs were extracted by phenol/chloroform method and the PCR assay amplifying the conserved region of 16S rRNA gene was applied for the detection of Mycoplasma genus in 163bp fragment and M. synoviae in 207bp fragment from culture as same as in clinical samples. Of the 43 swabs 28 ( 65.1% ) yielded one of the potentially pathogenic mycoplasmas evaluated for using PPLO agar culture diagnostic method, and 33 ( 76.8% ) yielded one of the potentially pathogenic Mycoplasmas evaluated for using Mycoplasma genus PCR as diagnostic method, and 24 ( 55.9% ) of the swabs yielded M. synoviae for using M. synoviae PCR as diagnostic method. In this study we had observed the highest quantity of M. synoviae infections in broiler chicken with PCR test.

Study on root and crown rot pathogenic soil borne fungi of barley in different provinces  [2007]

   

Poormansouri, tahere, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
Jafari, Hosain
Arjmandian, Amir
Frootan, Abdolreza
Yonesi, Hasan
Smaeelzade, Saied Alireza
Galandar, Mojtaba

Abstract:
During operating this propozal the fields of barley in different provinces were survived .Samples of plants which had disease symptom were collected and examined for infection.The results are as follows: In Markazi province these fungi Fusariumspp,Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici ,Drechslera sorokiniana,Embllisia chlamidospora,Rhizoctonia solani were identified as acausual agents of root and crown rot of barley.In Hamedan Fusarium spp Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici Rhizoctonia spp Pythium spp Bipolaris spp Drechslera spp ,in Zanjan Rhizoctonia solani' Fusarium culmorum and 9 species of Fusarium sp were identified.Only the pathogenecity of Rhizoctonia solani is tested.In Kermanshah province the fungi Bipolaris sorokiniana , B. cynodontis. Rizoctonia cerealis , R. solani , Pythium ultimum ,Phoma glomerata , Fusarium oxysporum , F. nygamai , F. culmurum , Fusarium solani , F. avenaceum, F. compactum , F. equiseti were identified and in Mazandaran Fusarium graminearu was more than the others.All the inoculated fungi except Alternaria' Pythium' F. oxysporum and Cladosporium were pathogenic. Fusarium graminearum was the most frequent one.In Yazd ,Rhizoctonia solsni, Pythium sp , F.culmorum , Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium spp were isolated as the pathogenic fungi of root and crown rot of barley.In Tehran province these fungi Helminthosporium sativum , Fusarium culmorum , F. scirpe , F.equiseti , F.

Distribution of Sunn Pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), in overwintering sites  [mar2011]

   

Parker, Bruce L., University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Amir-Maafi, Masood, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran
Skinner, Margaret, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Kim, J.S., University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Bouhssini, Mustapha El, International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria

Abstract:
Sunn Pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is the most serious pest of wheat in West and Central Asia. Following harvest, the pest migrates from wheat fields to high elevations to escape high summer temperatures and, the following spring, moves back to the fields. In this work, Sunn Pest populations were monitored in 21 overwintering sites located in seven provinces (with 800-2500 m elevation) in Iran. Litter samples were taken twice in each site, once in July-November 2002 and again in March 2003. At each site 60 Artemesia sp. bushes were selected at random and litter from each bush was collected and the number of live male and female adult Sunn Pest counted. More Sunn Pests were collected in higher elevations in the first sampling. Golestan (893 m), Kermanshah (1583 m), and Qazvin (1675 m), located in valleys and surrounded by mountainous areas, had less than 5 adults/bush. However Azarbayejan (1750 m), Markazi (1883 m), Kordestan (2067 m), and Esfahan (2141 m), located in mountainous areas and/or close to mountains, had 10-52 adults/bush. No noticeable changes in Sunn Pest populations were observed in 17 overwintering sites among 21 between the two sampling times. These results suggest that, after Sunn Pest moves to more highly elevated sites at aestivation time, most of them remain in these sites during overwintering before migration to wheat fields in the spring.

Comparison of Levels and mechanical application methods of phosphorus Fertilizer on Canola  [2010]

   

Haghshenas, Mohammad
Hedayatipour, Abolfazel
Dadivar, Masoud
Ghadbiklo, Javad
Moradabadi, Gholamreza
Roudbarani, Jahangir

Abstract:
Phosphorous is one of the essential macro nutrient elements for canola ( Brassica napus L.).Canola production has increased recently in Markazi province, but there is a little information about requirment and application methods of phosphorous fertilizer. Mecanical side banding application of phosphorous fertilizer with different levels and depth of placement and also broadcasting method was studied in this experiment. necessary adjustments was conducted on furrow opener of grain driller. This experiment was conducted as randomized compelet block design, consist of 8 treatments as following : 1- %70 of phosphorus fertilizer recommended(PFR) as triple super phosphate and 5 centimeter in depth. 2- broadcasting method 3- %30 of PFR and 5 centimeter in depth. 4- %50 of PFR and 5 centimeter in depth. 5-%70 of PFR and 10 centimeter in depth. 6- control 7- %30 of PFR and 10 centimeter in depth.8- %50 of PFR and 10 centimeter in depth , with three replications at Arak station. Combind analysis of variance showed that the effect of treatments was significant on dry matter weight , grain yield , pod number per plant , phosphorus concentration and uptake in grain and straw at p¡Ü0.01 , but the effect of treatments on height of plant was significant at p¡Ü0.05 . Results of duncan multiple rang test ( DMRT) showed that treatment No. 1 was maximum on dry matter weight and phosphorous uptake parameters with 21070 and 39.3 kgha-1 respectively.

Identification and selection of definite study sites under wheat cultivation  [2006]

   

Khademi, Zahra
Ziayi Javid, Alireza
Farajnia, Asghar
Ammari, Parviz
Asadi, Anvar
Saheb Jam, Ali Asghar
Bani neme, Jamal
Toshih, Vafa
Sayadian, Kiumars
Sadeghi, Sohrab
Sepahvand, Morad
Masihabadi, Mohammad Hasan
Shahi, Hasan
Khodshenas, Alireza
Asadian, Mohammad Sadegh
Rezayi, Hamed
Tehrani, Mohammad Mehdi
Bazargan, Kambiz
Balali, Mohammadreza
Sepehr, Ebrahim
Fayzollahzadeh Ardebili, Mahnaz
Asadi Dehkharghani, Fatemeh

Abstract:
This study was conducted to identify and select of definite study sties in various areas under wheat cultivation of Iran so that soil samples be both a candidate of soils under wheat cultivation and possibility of result extension to similar soils. Work units were defined according to subgroups, families and surface soil texture for chosen areas under wheat cultivation of Fars, Kordestan, Kosestan, Golestan, Markazi, Azarbijan sharghi and gharbi, Lorestan, Esfahan, Tehran, Kermanshah, Aredbil, Ghazvin, Hamedan and Khorasan. Finally, for all above mentioned areas, 244 work units were identified. The surface area of these work units was about 230 to 55233 ha and the quantitys of soil samples were about 1434. Using the soil taxonomy guide, all these units divided in 6 orders as Inceptisols, Entisols, Aridisols, Mollisols, Vertisols and Alfisols and 15 suborders, 25 great groups and 60 subgroups. For soil sampling, fields with properties as extended cultivation, good facilities and easy to access was chosen. After stage of soil sampling, 3000 composed samples (0-30 cm) were sent to laboratory and deterMin.ed EC, pH, texture, TNV, OC, P, K, Ca, Mg and micronutrients. Status of organic carbon, Pava., Kava., Sava. and Mgsol. were studied in soil families of mentioned areas and finally some work units and doMin.ated families which are related to wheat area were chosen for future investigation and fertilizer recommendations and fertilizer management.

Complementary collection, taxonomic characterization and evaluation of Iranian wheat germplasm  [2008]

   

Arshad, Yousef
Taherion, Gholamreza
Abadooz, Gholamreza
Abbasi, Kamaleddin
Alitabar, Ramezanali
Fathi, Asadoollah
Mohammadi, Alireza
Jahanbin, Gholamhosein
Mokhtarpour, Hasan
Manoochehri, Homa
Mirakhorli, Abbas
Ghanavati, Farangis
Naaroie Rad, Mohammadreza
Hamzenejad, Ali
Alizade, Ali
Abdollahpoor, Hosein
Shojaie, Siroos
Taheri, Abbas
nabilou, Abbas
Hasanzade, Abdollah
Kananie, Rasool
Hajgholizade, Gholi
Khanzade, Hasan
Khakizade, Gholamreza
Dadfar, Saied
Jahanbazi, Faramarz

Abstract:
In order to enrich the wheat collection of the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran complementary collection, taxonomic characterization and evaluation of Iranian wheat landraces were carried out. About 386wheat acce ssions were collected from various geographical regions including East Azarbayjan, West Azarbayjan, Zanjan, Gazvin, Esfahan, Booshehr, Khorasan, Khoozestan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Golestan, Mazandaran, Sistan-ve¬Baloochestan, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh-ve-Boirahmad, Semnan, Ardebil, Markazi, Hamedan and Lorestan during 1382-1384. Data passports including geographical longitude and latitude, elevation, location, soil type, vegetation cover and etc were recorded according to the IBPGRI descriptors. In the 4th year, about 349accessions of the collected wheat accessions were planted in the experimental field of SPII in Karaj and taxonomic characterizations were performed during the growth stages. In addition, several morphological, phonological and agronomical characters e.g. days to heading, days to flowering, days to maturity, days from heading to maturity, days from flowering to maturity, number of flowers/spikelet, length of spike , plant height, stem thickness, number of spikelets/spike, number of seeds/spike, weight of hundred seeds, weight of seeds on 5 spikes, spike density, awnletted of spike, glume colour, glume hairness and number of nodes were evaluated according to the IBPGRI descriptors. accessions did not germinate and therefore were not characterized.

Characterization of Iranian isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virusý

2013

Bananeg, Kaveh; Keshavarz, Tayebe

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Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV; family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus) causes high yield losses to cucurbit crops in many parts of the world. A survey was conducted from 2003 to 2006 in the major cucurbit-growing areas in 11 provinces of Iran. Leaf samples (n = 907) were collected from plants of melon (Cucumis melo L.), and squash (Cucurbita pepo) showing various ZYMV-like symptoms. All samples, collected from 11 provinces, were screened for the presence of ZYMV by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with IgGs and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated IgGs against a ZYMV. ZYMV was detected in 42% of tested samples and in all surveyed provinces, using DAS-ELISA. The study of biological variability was conducted using a set of 12 ZYMV isolates. The symptomatology of ZYMV isolates was determined by mechanical inoculation of the range of ZYMV-susceptible cucurbits and non-cucubitaceous plant species.All 12 Iranian ZYMV isolates induced typical symptoms on melon, squash and cucumber test plants. Only four Iranian isolates (Iran-2, 3, 5 and 8) induced necrotic local lesions on inoculated leaves of Gompherena globosa, while other isolates did not induce any symptoms and the inoculated plants were negative in DAS-ELISA. 242 out of 383 ZYMV infected samples were screened by triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) using monoclonal antibody (AE11). According to the results obtained in TAS-ELISA tests, Iranian ZYMV isolates probably closely related to serotype I, II, V, X, or XI. Total RNA was extracted from the leaves of ZYMV infected plants that were positive in DAS ELISA. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) were carried out using primers designed in conserved regions of the C-terminal part of NIb and N-terminal part of coat protein gene. RT-PCR experiments yielded an expected ~600-bp product similar to the fragment amplified with extracts from the reference isolate. PCR amplicons were purified and sequenced directly from both directions.The nucleotide sequences coding for the C-terminal part of NIb and the N-terminal part of CP of 12 Iranian ZYMV isolates were determined and deposited into GenBank database under accession numbers EF071913-EF071924. Low and high identity was observed among Yazd and Hamedan isolates (92%), and Khorasan, Varamin, Mazandaran, Esfahan, Guilan, Yazd, and Markazi (100%), respectively. In this study, the N-terminal CP sequence analysis revealed that 12 Iranian ZYMV isolates belong to group A within cluster 1 (Iran-1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10 and 11) or cluster 2 (Iran-2, 5, 6, 7, 12) . None of 12 Iranian ZYMV isolates clustered with cluster 3 in Group A or Group B. No geographically associated variation and biological variability appeared based on the clustering of Iranian ZYMV isolates together with no correlation related to the time of their isolation.The Iranian ZYMV isolates did not form a compact cluster in the phylogenetic tree, and the phylogenetic analyses and the estimation of genetic distance indicate that the Iranian ZYMV group consists of several independent introductions that evolved separately.

Olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Diptera: Tephritidae)  [2012]

   

Noori, Hossien, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection

Abstract:
The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Dip: Tephritidae), is one of most important olive pests in the Mediterranean countries. In summer of 2004, it was first reported from Roodbar, Iran, and then dispersed in 10 other provinces of Qazvin, Guilan, Zanjan, Mazandran, Golestan, Esfahan, Semnan, Markazi, Ilam and Kermanshah. The infested area by the pest was estimated around 13000 ha throughout the country in 2004. The pest is monophagous and only attacks species of Olea spp. Considering it as an exotic pest and the importance of olive as an strategic crop, it was necessary to start a comprehensive study on the IPM of the olive fruit fly. Therefore, an investigation was carried out during 2005-2009 to find best solutions of the pest control in accordance with sustainable agriculture rules. The objectives of the project included pest bio-ecology, plant resistance, Bait trap, attract and kill technique and comparison of available chemical sprayers on olive fruit fly. The results revealed that the pest overwintered as adults in shelters and also rarely as pupae under plant debris and soft soil in olive orchards. By temperature rise in late winter or early in spring, these pupae would turn to adults and could be trace by traps in winter. The pest oviposition occurred early till late in July, being coincided with hardening fruit s stones.

Studies on population dynamics and regulatory factors (biotic vs. abiotic and bottom-up vs. top-down) of the pest species belonging to genera Helicoverpa and Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on cotton, chickpea and tomato  [2011]

   

Karimzadeh, Javad, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
Mohammadipou, Ali

Abstract:
In the present study, the populations of Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis peltigera and Heliothis viriplaca were monitored under field conditions on cotton, tomato and chickpea in different parts of Iran (Central Khorasan, Golestan, Khuzestan, Lorestan, Markazi, North Khorasan, Tehran and West Azerbaijan provinces) during 2007-2009 growth seasons. The results showed that the adult and larva populations were highly correlated. Based on light-trap data, H. armigera and H. peltigera were captured in all the crops and most of the sites. On the contrary, H. viriplaca was captured only on chickpea. In total, 2175 adults were captured from 33 field-seasons with a relative abundance of 0.44, 0.32 and 0.24 for H. armigera, H. peltigera and H. viriplaca, respectively. When overall populations were compared, H. armigera showed to be a predominant species. The mean H. armigera adults captured per field-season were 31.3, 38.6 and 11.6 on cotton, tomato and chickpea, respectively. These figures were 32.3, 25.9 and 7.5 for H. peltigera, and 0.1, 0.1 and 51.0 for H. viriplaca. Based on the weekly mean of adult catch, H. armigera and H. peltigera showed similar population behaviour. These two species seem to cause damages on all studied crops, but the highest damage would happen on cotton and tomato. On the contrary, H. viriplaca proved to be a specific pest on chickpea and other leguminoses.

Studies on population dynamics and regulatory factors (biotic vs. abiotic and bottom-up vs. top-down) of the pest species belonging to genera Helicoverpa and Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on cotton, chickpea and tomato  [2011]

   

Karimzadeh, Javad, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
Mohammadipou, Ali

Abstract:
In the present study, the populations of Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis peltigera and Heliothis viriplaca were monitored under field conditions on cotton, tomato and chickpea in different parts of Iran (Central Khorasan, Golestan, Khuzestan, Lorestan, Markazi, North Khorasan, Tehran and West Azerbaijan provinces) during 2007-2009 growth seasons. The results showed that the adult and larva populations were highly correlated. Based on light-trap data, H. armigera and H. peltigera were captured in all the crops and most of the sites. On the contrary, H. viriplaca was captured only on chickpea. In total, 2175 adults were captured from 33 field-seasons with a relative abundance of 0.44, 0.32 and 0.24 for H. armigera, H. peltigera and H. viriplaca, respectively. When overall populations were compared, H. armigera showed to be a predominant species. The mean H. armigera adults captured per field-season were 31.3, 38.6 and 11.6 on cotton, tomato and chickpea, respectively. These figures were 32.3, 25.9 and 7.5 for H. peltigera, and 0.1, 0.1 and 51.0 for H. viriplaca. Based on the weekly mean of adult catch, H. armigera and H. peltigera showed similar population behaviour. These two species seem to cause damages on all studied crops, but the highest damage would happen on cotton and tomato. On the contrary, H. viriplaca proved to be a specific pest on chickpea and other leguminoses.

Studies of the effectiveness of Diflubenzuron Dimilin ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ssp . kurstaki on Euproctis chrysorrhoea ( L .) Lep . Lymantriidae ) under field condition in the Arasbaran forests  [1386]

   

Nikdel, Mostafa
Sadaghian, B.
Askari, F.
Kalantari, Ali

Abstract:
Brown-tail moth, Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.), is a polyphagous defoliator, attacking forests, fruit trees, and has health hazard due to it s irritant hairs. This moth is a serious pest in large area of Europe and Asia. It has been reported fram Hamadan, Zanjan, Markazi, Azarbaijan and Northern provences in Iran. Arasbaran forests is one of the iran s nine biospher resources that Horn-bean and Oak trees (with 51% and 36% abundance respectively ) are dominant species in there. Oak in these forests are attacked by Brown-tail moth seriosly . The pest population increase to outbreak or semi-outbreak levels in the forest periodically. For pests controlling in natural ecosystems such as Arasbaran forests we need some compounds without any side-effects for non- target organisms. Biorational compound such as B.t. and Dimilin are the best agents to achieve this purpose. These two materials are quite distinct from each other of origin, structure, mode of action and effects. Evaluation the effects of Lepinox ( B.t. var. Kurstaki) and Dimilin on the pest were conducted on first, second, third and fourth larval instars. Also for the combined effect of Dimilin-Lepinox separate experiments were done with the first and third larval instars. The experiments in the forest (on the Oak Q. macranthera ) was conducted with randomized complete block design. Larval mortality statistics at different ages on different days were obtained after spraying

 

Determination of mechanization indices related to conventional primary tillage in ten different regions  [2009]

   

Safari, M., Agricultural Engineering Research Institute
Almasi, M., Ahwaz Shahid Chamran University

Abstract:
Increasing productivity, reducing costs and suitable application of agricultural machines can be achieved by using uniform methods and application of social, economical and technical indices that is adaptable to agricultural conditions of different areas. There is no detail information for many parts of the country, hence providing and presenting development patterns will not have scientific credit and applicability without these fundamental data. In this study, tillage indices and coefficients as a agricultural main operation was determined by sampling from conventional tractors (MF285, U650 and John Deer 3140) in Tehran, Fars, Isfahan, Khoozestan, Darab, Hamedan,Moghan,Semnan, Khorasan, Shahrekord and Markazi areas during tillage. Results showed that average tillage mechanization degree was 98.6%. So, these areas were full mechanized in aspect of tillage. Mechanization level was 0.96 hp/ha (upper than average of the country). Mechanization capacity and hectare per tractor were 55kW.h/ha and 50.45 respectively that is showed the power consumption per hectare during one hour is 55kW and there was one tractor for each 50ha of field. The maximum and minimum application power coefficient was for Moghan and Fars areas respectively. Effective field capacity and theoretical capacity were 0.31 ha/h and 0.45 ha/h respectively. Field efficiency was 68.85 % that was less than world standards.

Estimating and mapping of sediment yield for Iran  [1388]

   

Arabkhedri, Mahmood
Khojien, Ali Vali
Hakimkhani, Shahrokh
Charkhabi, Amir Hossein
Telvari, Abdulrasool

Abstract:
First, "mean load within discharge class and daily flow record" method was selected based on comparisons with sedimentation observations in Dez and Minab reservoirs and continuous sediment concentration records in Ghazaghly hydrometric station on Gorganrood river. Then, we calculated SSYs at 209 hydrometric stations with the selected method. Average specific SSY of country and first and second order basins of Iran determined. Average specific SSY of Iran is about 2 t/ha. Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Markazi and Kashaf-Rood first order basins are less and Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf first order basins are more than Countriy's average. Hamoon-e-Jazmoorian, Minab, Baloochestan-e-jonobi, and Maroon and Zohreh basins had more specific SSY than other second order basins. 44 sediment yield 1:1000000 maps were prepared for second order basins. In these maps in addition of base information such as rivers network and hydrometric stations; SSY, specific SSY and turbidity were showed as point map and also specific SSY as area map with different signs and colors. In the second part of this research plan regional anlysis of SSY in 5 second order basins of Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Sefidrood, Daryacheh-e-Namak, Saheli-e-Khazar and Gorganrood were performed using multiple regression. About 20 geometric, meteorological and hydrologic, geologic and land use basin characteristics were measured at each basin. Then we developed a few regression models for SSY estimation and finally selected 17 models.

Critical Period of Weed Control in Chitti Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) And Its Economic Modeling  [2004]

   

Lakdari, Mohammad Reza
Kalaee, Ali
Hadizadeh, Mohammad Hosein

Abstract:
Field studies were conducted in 2001 and 2002 to determine the critical period for weed control in Chitti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris ) at the Bean Research Station of Khomein .The experimental design was split plot with randomized complete block designs. Main plot was two line of Chitti bean included KS-21467 and KS- 21480 and sub plot was weed free and weed infested period until 20, 28 , 36 and 44 days after planting (DAP) with two weed free and weedy checks. The critical period for KS-21467 in 2001 and 2002 at 5% yield loss were 20-53 DAP (V3-R6) and 35-51 DAP ( R5-middle of R6) and at 10% yield loss were 35-43 DAP (V4.5- R5) and 37-40 DAP (R6) , respectively. The critical period for KS-21480 in 2001 and 2002 at 5% yield loss were 20-73 DAP (V3-first R6) and 19-77 DAP (V4-R7) and at 10% yield loss were 26-54 DAP (V4-R5) and 24-64 DAP (V4-R6) ,respectively. The average number of pods per plant for both lines was reduced by invreasing duration of weed interference in both years. Number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight were less affected. Then using benefit cost ratio method the most economic treatments were selected. The results show that weed free treatment is the best choice in line of chiti bean ks-21480. Also in line of chiti bean ks-21467 treatment number 4 in first year and treatment number 9 in second year were the most economic choice.

Collecting , in situ evaluation and toxonomical identification of triticum of wild triticum species for utilizing and conservation  [2003]

   

Totiaei, Abdolhossein
Dadfar, Saeed
Safaei, Faraidoon
Hazratgholi, SeraJ
Abdollah poor , Hossein
Abassi, Kamaledin
Javadi, Firoozeh
Taeb, Mohammad
Jahanbin, Gholamhossein
Mirakhorli, Mohammad
Kanani
Hassanzadeh Ghoort tapeh, Abdolah
Ebrahimi, Rahmat
Safaei, Homa

Abstract:
Iran , specially in the Zagros mountain ranges , has a valuable diversity in the related wild species of wheat . Since 1997 a research project on the collection of related wild species of wheat was started , which were divided mainly into 2 groups , eincorn (diploid) and emmer (tetraploid) , in 11 provinces ( Khorasan , East and West Azarbayejan , Ardabil , Zanjan , Tehran , Markazi , Lorestan , Kordestan , Kermanshah , Ilam , chahar mahal , Fars , based on existing published flora . The findings of this project until 2002 , showed a collection of population samples from eincorn goups ( triticum boeoticum and T. urartu) and population samples from the emmer groups (Triticum dicoccoides and T. araraticum). After recording the data of the area and planting in the field , results showed there is not significant difference between days of heading and maturity with environment conditions (Gusan classification). Most diversified area in view of species were south of west Azarbayejan , kordestan and north west of Kermanshah province and also there is a significant correlation between category of enviroment and level of poloidy .

Identification, regeneration and evaluation of agro morphological charactes of Alfalfa accessions in National Plant Gene Bank.  [2003]

   

Abbasi, Mohammad Reza
Javadi, Firouzeh
Ghanavati, Farangis
Hemmati, Farhad
Moghadam, Ali
Seraj, Hazrat Gholi

Abstract:
Alfalfa or green gold is the most important forage crops. Iran is the center of genetic diversity for alfalfa. To access to high yield cultivars or lines in the sustainable agriculture you have to use genetic resources. 435 accessions were planted in two years (1377 and 1378). Each accession was planted at two rows with 2 meter length. To identify taxa, herbarium samples were prepared from each accession. 332 accessions were identified as alfalfa (Medicago sativa), 44 accessions of annual medics and some species from other genera. Annual medics and 185 alfalfa accessions seeds were regenerated and transferred in to seed storage room. Agromorphological characters for Medicago species were characterized according to IPGRI descriptors. Statistical parameters such as dispersions and center tendency, and CV, Shannon index, correlation coefficient were calculated for each trait. Also cluster and factor analysis were done. In alfalfa accessions these results were determined: central leaflet area differed from 70 to 458 mm2. Days to 10% flowering after each cutting ranged from 17 to 40 days, this trait showed 23 days diversity, so it could be a good subject to breeding. Plant height at 50% flowering ranged from 20 to 73 cm. Most of alfalfa accessions were completely susceptible to alfalfa weevil, just one accessions was semi-susceptible to the pest. 1000-seed weight differed from 1.5 to 3.1 g.

Role of social capital in collective action and public work participation: A case of land consolidation in Iran  [sep2007]

   

Yokoyama, S.(Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki)
Moazami, M.

Abstract:
The role of social capital in community collective action and public work participation was investigated featuring the land semiarid area, Arak District, Markazi Province, Iran. An intensive farm household survey was conducted to identify and measure the level of social capitals and their impacts on participation rate in collective action and land consolidation project. Logit regression analysis was applied to 177 household samples. Neither human capital (educational level) nor physical capital (land holding size) did not influence community activities participation. While physical capital has negative impact on land consolidation participation. It appears that the larger farmers, who already expanded their farm size through spontaneous land exchange with neighbor farmers, had little incentive to participate in land consolidation. Cognitive bonding social capital, measured by the degree of trust in community members, was significantly positive to participate in community collective actions, while not in land consolidation. Cognitive linking social capital, measured by the degree of farmers' trust in local government extension officer, was significantly positive on participation in land consolidation but not for community activities. Solidarity of community members was not significant for both cases.

Estimating and mapping of sediment yield for Iran.  [2004]

   

A`rab Khedri, Mahmud
Khujini, A`li Vali
Hakim Khani, Shah Rokh
Charkhabi, Amir Hossein
Telvari, A`bd Ol-Rasul

Abstract:
First, "mean load within discharge class and daily flow record" method was selected based on comparisons with sedimentation observations in Dez and Minab reservoirs and continuous sediment concentration records in Ghazaghly hydrometric station on Gorganrood river. Then, we calculated SSYs at 209 hydrometric stations with the selected method. Average specific SSY of country and first and second order basins of Iran determined. Average specific SSY of Iran is about 2 t/ha. Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Markazi and Kashaf-Rood first order basins are less and Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf first order basins are more than Countriy's average. Hamoon-e-Jazmoorian, Minab, Baloochestan-e-jonobi, and Maroon and Zohreh basins had more specific SSY than other second order basins. 44 sediment yield 1:1000000 maps were prepared for second order basins. In these maps in addition of base information such as rivers network and hydrometric stations; SSY, specific SSY and turbidity were showed as point map and also specific SSY as area map with different signs and colors. In the second part of this research plan regional anlysis of SSY in 5 second order basins of Daryacheh-e-Orumieh, Sefidrood, Daryacheh-e-Namak, Saheli-e-Khazar and Gorganrood were performed using multiple regression. About 20 geometric, meteorological and hydrologic, geologic and land use basin characteristics were measured at each basin. Then we developed a few regression models for SSY estimation and finally selected 17 models.

Evaluation and developing sediment rating curves models for estimating sediment yield of flood events (Case of study: Ghare Chay Basin)  [2009]

   

Dadashzadeh Asl, F., MSc in Natural Resourus
Mohseni Saravi, M., Academic Member of Tehran University
Ahmadi, H., Academic Member of Tehran University
Vervani, J., Academic Member of Islamic Azad University (Arak Branch)

Abstract:
Estimating flood events sediment yield is of the main and basic issues in watershed management strategies .On the other hand there are little investigations about sediment yield behavior of the flood events and applicability of the sediment rating curves to estimate sediment load of flood events. In this research in order to investigate bias and errors of the sediment rating curves in estimating sediment load of the flood events ,the estimated values of 10 kind of rating curves(one- variable and Multi-variable) compared by the observed values of some hourly monitored flood events in the Gharachay River of Markazi provinces .By considering accuracy and precision indexes the results shows that in this case the FAO's method has relatively closer estimates to the observed one because FAO coefficient is increaser coefficient, therefore increase one line and middle limit sediment rating curve under estimating in closed to actual value. and despite of suitable applicability of the Multi-variable sediment rating curve method in estimating annual sediment yield in reason of un suitable disperse of flood data , it could not prove to be applicable in the flood events cases.

The evaluation of morphological traits, emergence characteristics and electrical conductivity rate of seed and their relationship with plant stand in five genotypes of chiti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)  [2009]

   

Borji, M., Agricultural and Natural Research Center of Markazi Province
Ghorbanli, M., Islamic Azad University. Gorgan Branch
Sarlak, M., Graduated of Payame Noor University

Abstract:
The common bean is an important food because of its high protein content and generous amounts of fiber, complex carbohydrates, and other dietary necessities. In order to determine characteristics of produced bean's genotypes in our country and because there are some relationships between these characteristics this work was done. Thus some morphological and physiological traits of seeds of five Chiti bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars including, Talash, Mahali Khomein, Cos-16, G 14088 and GO1437 genotypes was determined. The study was carried out in Agricultural Research Center of Arak - Iran (Research Station of Khomein's Bean) in 2004-2005. The seeds were growth in a light soil with plenty of moisture in the growing season. The seed planting was arranged as randomized block design (RBD) with four replicates. The size (length, width and thickness) of the seeds, shape index (A/B), shape of the seeds, 100-seed-weight, the seed bigness, moisture content, testa rates, the speed and rates of the water absorption, electrical conductivity, the germination percent and percent and duration of emergence were determined that experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. In addition correlation between parameters was determined by statistical methods. The bean cultivars had very significant difference (P0.01) in seed size (length 11.6-12.9 and width 7.4-9.1 mm), shape index (1.2-1.6), 100 seed's weight(30.8-47.9 gr), testa rates(8.1-9.

Application of culture and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) methods for isolation and identification of Mycoplasma synoviae on broiler chicken farms  [2011]

   

Bayatzadeh, M,A., Graduate student of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
Pourbakhsh, S.A., Mycoplasma reference laboratory, Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Karaj, Iran
Homayounimehr, A.R., Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran
Ashtari, A., Mycoplasma reference laboratory, Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Karaj, Iran
Abtin, A.R., Mycoplasma reference laboratory, Razi vaccine and serum research institute, Karaj, Iran

Abstract:
Mycoplasma synoviae ( M. synoviae ) is a major worldwide poultry pathogen that causes serious economic losses in the poultry industry. This study was designed to detect M. synoviae through culture isolation and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) assay to demonstrated the involvement of M. synoviae infection in trachea and the lung/air sac samples taken from commercial broiler chicken farms in 3 main provinces of Iran ( Tehran, Markazi and Qazvin ) , with clinical signs of the disease. Total of 43 samples were cultured in PPLO broth media supplemented for M. synoviae isolation. The bacteria DNAs were extracted by phenol/chloroform method and the PCR assay amplifying the conserved region of 16S rRNA gene was applied for the detection of Mycoplasma genus in 163bp fragment and M. synoviae in 207bp fragment from culture as same as in clinical samples. Of the 43 swabs 28 ( 65.1% ) yielded one of the potentially pathogenic mycoplasmas evaluated for using PPLO agar culture diagnostic method, and 33 ( 76.8% ) yielded one of the potentially pathogenic Mycoplasmas evaluated for using Mycoplasma genus PCR as diagnostic method, and 24 ( 55.9% ) of the swabs yielded M. synoviae for using M. synoviae PCR as diagnostic method. In this study we had observed the highest quantity of M. synoviae infections in broiler chicken with PCR test.

Study on root and crown rot pathogenic soil borne fungi of barley in different provinces  [2007]

   

Poormansouri, tahere, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
Jafari, Hosain
Arjmandian, Amir
Frootan, Abdolreza
Yonesi, Hasan
Smaeelzade, Saied Alireza
Galandar, Mojtaba

Abstract:
During operating this propozal the fields of barley in different provinces were survived .Samples of plants which had disease symptom were collected and examined for infection.The results are as follows: In Markazi province these fungi Fusariumspp,Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici ,Drechslera sorokiniana,Embllisia chlamidospora,Rhizoctonia solani were identified as acausual agents of root and crown rot of barley.In Hamedan Fusarium spp Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici Rhizoctonia spp Pythium spp Bipolaris spp Drechslera spp ,in Zanjan Rhizoctonia solani' Fusarium culmorum and 9 species of Fusarium sp were identified.Only the pathogenecity of Rhizoctonia solani is tested.In Kermanshah province the fungi Bipolaris sorokiniana , B. cynodontis. Rizoctonia cerealis , R. solani , Pythium ultimum ,Phoma glomerata , Fusarium oxysporum , F. nygamai , F. culmurum , Fusarium solani , F. avenaceum, F. compactum , F. equiseti were identified and in Mazandaran Fusarium graminearu was more than the others.All the inoculated fungi except Alternaria' Pythium' F. oxysporum and Cladosporium were pathogenic. Fusarium graminearum was the most frequent one.In Yazd ,Rhizoctonia solsni, Pythium sp , F.culmorum , Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium spp were isolated as the pathogenic fungi of root and crown rot of barley.In Tehran province these fungi Helminthosporium sativum , Fusarium culmorum , F. scirpe , F.equiseti , F.

Distribution of Sunn Pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), in overwintering sites  [mar2011]

   

Parker, Bruce L., University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Amir-Maafi, Masood, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran
Skinner, Margaret, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Kim, J.S., University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Bouhssini, Mustapha El, International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria

Abstract:
Sunn Pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is the most serious pest of wheat in West and Central Asia. Following harvest, the pest migrates from wheat fields to high elevations to escape high summer temperatures and, the following spring, moves back to the fields. In this work, Sunn Pest populations were monitored in 21 overwintering sites located in seven provinces (with 800-2500 m elevation) in Iran. Litter samples were taken twice in each site, once in July-November 2002 and again in March 2003. At each site 60 Artemesia sp. bushes were selected at random and litter from each bush was collected and the number of live male and female adult Sunn Pest counted. More Sunn Pests were collected in higher elevations in the first sampling. Golestan (893 m), Kermanshah (1583 m), and Qazvin (1675 m), located in valleys and surrounded by mountainous areas, had less than 5 adults/bush. However Azarbayejan (1750 m), Markazi (1883 m), Kordestan (2067 m), and Esfahan (2141 m), located in mountainous areas and/or close to mountains, had 10-52 adults/bush. No noticeable changes in Sunn Pest populations were observed in 17 overwintering sites among 21 between the two sampling times. These results suggest that, after Sunn Pest moves to more highly elevated sites at aestivation time, most of them remain in these sites during overwintering before migration to wheat fields in the spring.

Comparison of Levels and mechanical application methods of phosphorus Fertilizer on Canola  [2010]

   

Haghshenas, Mohammad
Hedayatipour, Abolfazel
Dadivar, Masoud
Ghadbiklo, Javad
Moradabadi, Gholamreza
Roudbarani, Jahangir

Abstract:
Phosphorous is one of the essential macro nutrient elements for canola ( Brassica napus L.).Canola production has increased recently in Markazi province, but there is a little information about requirment and application methods of phosphorous fertilizer. Mecanical side banding application of phosphorous fertilizer with different levels and depth of placement and also broadcasting method was studied in this experiment. necessary adjustments was conducted on furrow opener of grain driller. This experiment was conducted as randomized compelet block design, consist of 8 treatments as following : 1- %70 of phosphorus fertilizer recommended(PFR) as triple super phosphate and 5 centimeter in depth. 2- broadcasting method 3- %30 of PFR and 5 centimeter in depth. 4- %50 of PFR and 5 centimeter in depth. 5-%70 of PFR and 10 centimeter in depth. 6- control 7- %30 of PFR and 10 centimeter in depth.8- %50 of PFR and 10 centimeter in depth , with three replications at Arak station. Combind analysis of variance showed that the effect of treatments was significant on dry matter weight , grain yield , pod number per plant , phosphorus concentration and uptake in grain and straw at p¡Ü0.01 , but the effect of treatments on height of plant was significant at p¡Ü0.05 . Results of duncan multiple rang test ( DMRT) showed that treatment No. 1 was maximum on dry matter weight and phosphorous uptake parameters with 21070 and 39.3 kgha-1 respectively.

Identification and selection of definite study sites under wheat cultivation  [2006]

   

Khademi, Zahra
Ziayi Javid, Alireza
Farajnia, Asghar
Ammari, Parviz
Asadi, Anvar
Saheb Jam, Ali Asghar
Bani neme, Jamal
Toshih, Vafa
Sayadian, Kiumars
Sadeghi, Sohrab
Sepahvand, Morad
Masihabadi, Mohammad Hasan
Shahi, Hasan
Khodshenas, Alireza
Asadian, Mohammad Sadegh
Rezayi, Hamed
Tehrani, Mohammad Mehdi
Bazargan, Kambiz
Balali, Mohammadreza
Sepehr, Ebrahim
Fayzollahzadeh Ardebili, Mahnaz
Asadi Dehkharghani, Fatemeh

Abstract:
This study was conducted to identify and select of definite study sties in various areas under wheat cultivation of Iran so that soil samples be both a candidate of soils under wheat cultivation and possibility of result extension to similar soils. Work units were defined according to subgroups, families and surface soil texture for chosen areas under wheat cultivation of Fars, Kordestan, Kosestan, Golestan, Markazi, Azarbijan sharghi and gharbi, Lorestan, Esfahan, Tehran, Kermanshah, Aredbil, Ghazvin, Hamedan and Khorasan. Finally, for all above mentioned areas, 244 work units were identified. The surface area of these work units was about 230 to 55233 ha and the quantitys of soil samples were about 1434. Using the soil taxonomy guide, all these units divided in 6 orders as Inceptisols, Entisols, Aridisols, Mollisols, Vertisols and Alfisols and 15 suborders, 25 great groups and 60 subgroups. For soil sampling, fields with properties as extended cultivation, good facilities and easy to access was chosen. After stage of soil sampling, 3000 composed samples (0-30 cm) were sent to laboratory and deterMin.ed EC, pH, texture, TNV, OC, P, K, Ca, Mg and micronutrients. Status of organic carbon, Pava., Kava., Sava. and Mgsol. were studied in soil families of mentioned areas and finally some work units and doMin.ated families which are related to wheat area were chosen for future investigation and fertilizer recommendations and fertilizer management.

Complementary collection, taxonomic characterization and evaluation of Iranian wheat germplasm  [2008]

   

Arshad, Yousef
Taherion, Gholamreza
Abadooz, Gholamreza
Abbasi, Kamaleddin
Alitabar, Ramezanali
Fathi, Asadoollah
Mohammadi, Alireza
Jahanbin, Gholamhosein
Mokhtarpour, Hasan
Manoochehri, Homa
Mirakhorli, Abbas
Ghanavati, Farangis
Naaroie Rad, Mohammadreza
Hamzenejad, Ali
Alizade, Ali
Abdollahpoor, Hosein
Shojaie, Siroos
Taheri, Abbas
nabilou, Abbas
Hasanzade, Abdollah
Kananie, Rasool
Hajgholizade, Gholi
Khanzade, Hasan
Khakizade, Gholamreza
Dadfar, Saied
Jahanbazi, Faramarz

Abstract:
In order to enrich the wheat collection of the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran complementary collection, taxonomic characterization and evaluation of Iranian wheat landraces were carried out. About 386wheat acce ssions were collected from various geographical regions including East Azarbayjan, West Azarbayjan, Zanjan, Gazvin, Esfahan, Booshehr, Khorasan, Khoozestan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Golestan, Mazandaran, Sistan-ve¬Baloochestan, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh-ve-Boirahmad, Semnan, Ardebil, Markazi, Hamedan and Lorestan during 1382-1384. Data passports including geographical longitude and latitude, elevation, location, soil type, vegetation cover and etc were recorded according to the IBPGRI descriptors. In the 4th year, about 349accessions of the collected wheat accessions were planted in the experimental field of SPII in Karaj and taxonomic characterizations were performed during the growth stages. In addition, several morphological, phonological and agronomical characters e.g. days to heading, days to flowering, days to maturity, days from heading to maturity, days from flowering to maturity, number of flowers/spikelet, length of spike , plant height, stem thickness, number of spikelets/spike, number of seeds/spike, weight of hundred seeds, weight of seeds on 5 spikes, spike density, awnletted of spike, glume colour, glume hairness and number of nodes were evaluated according to the IBPGRI descriptors. accessions did not germinate and therefore were not characterized.

Characterization of Iranian isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virusý  [2013]

   

Bananeg, Kaveh, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection
Keshavarz, Tayebe

Abstract:
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV; family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus) causes high yield losses to cucurbit crops in many parts of the world. A survey was conducted from 2003 to 2006 in the major cucurbit-growing areas in 11 provinces of Iran. Leaf samples (n = 907) were collected from plants of melon (Cucumis melo L.), and squash (Cucurbita pepo) showing various ZYMV-like symptoms. All samples, collected from 11 provinces, were screened for the presence of ZYMV by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with IgGs and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated IgGs against a ZYMV. ZYMV was detected in 42% of tested samples and in all surveyed provinces, using DAS-ELISA. The study of biological variability was conducted using a set of 12 ZYMV isolates. The symptomatology of ZYMV isolates was determined by mechanical inoculation of the range of ZYMV-susceptible cucurbits and non-cucubitaceous plant species.All 12 Iranian ZYMV isolates induced typical symptoms on melon, squash and cucumber test plants. Only four Iranian isolates (Iran-2, 3, 5 and 8) induced necrotic local lesions on inoculated leaves of Gompherena globosa, while other isolates did not induce any symptoms and the inoculated plants were negative in DAS-ELISA. 242 out of 383 ZYMV infected samples were screened by triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) using monoclonal antibody (AE11).

Olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Diptera: Tephritidae)  [2012]

   

Noori, Hossien, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection

Abstract:
The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Dip: Tephritidae), is one of most important olive pests in the Mediterranean countries. In summer of 2004, it was first reported from Roodbar, Iran, and then dispersed in 10 other provinces of Qazvin, Guilan, Zanjan, Mazandran, Golestan, Esfahan, Semnan, Markazi, Ilam and Kermanshah. The infested area by the pest was estimated around 13000 ha throughout the country in 2004. The pest is monophagous and only attacks species of Olea spp. Considering it as an exotic pest and the importance of olive as an strategic crop, it was necessary to start a comprehensive study on the IPM of the olive fruit fly. Therefore, an investigation was carried out during 2005-2009 to find best solutions of the pest control in accordance with sustainable agriculture rules. The objectives of the project included pest bio-ecology, plant resistance, Bait trap, attract and kill technique and comparison of available chemical sprayers on olive fruit fly. The results revealed that the pest overwintered as adults in shelters and also rarely as pupae under plant debris and soft soil in olive orchards. By temperature rise in late winter or early in spring, these pupae would turn to adults and could be trace by traps in winter. The pest oviposition occurred early till late in July, being coincided with hardening fruit s stones.

Studies on population dynamics and regulatory factors (biotic vs. abiotic and bottom-up vs. top-down) of the pest species belonging to genera Helicoverpa and Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on cotton, chickpea and tomato  [2011]

   

Karimzadeh, Javad, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
Mohammadipou, Ali

Abstract:
In the present study, the populations of Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis peltigera and Heliothis viriplaca were monitored under field conditions on cotton, tomato and chickpea in different parts of Iran (Central Khorasan, Golestan, Khuzestan, Lorestan, Markazi, North Khorasan, Tehran and West Azerbaijan provinces) during 2007-2009 growth seasons. The results showed that the adult and larva populations were highly correlated. Based on light-trap data, H. armigera and H. peltigera were captured in all the crops and most of the sites. On the contrary, H. viriplaca was captured only on chickpea. In total, 2175 adults were captured from 33 field-seasons with a relative abundance of 0.44, 0.32 and 0.24 for H. armigera, H. peltigera and H. viriplaca, respectively. When overall populations were compared, H. armigera showed to be a predominant species. The mean H. armigera adults captured per field-season were 31.3, 38.6 and 11.6 on cotton, tomato and chickpea, respectively. These figures were 32.3, 25.9 and 7.5 for H. peltigera, and 0.1, 0.1 and 51.0 for H. viriplaca. Based on the weekly mean of adult catch, H. armigera and H. peltigera showed similar population behaviour. These two species seem to cause damages on all studied crops, but the highest damage would happen on cotton and tomato. On the contrary, H. viriplaca proved to be a specific pest on chickpea and other leguminoses.

Evaluation of resistance sources to Alternaria disease in tomato collection of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran by green house method.  [2012]

   

Taheri Ardestani, Simin
Mozarfari, Javad
Abbasi Moghaddam, Ahamad

Abstract:
Alternaria species are important pathogens of tomato that cause ring spot on the leaf, stem and fruit. Utilization of resistante cultivar is one of the most cost effective method of controlling of this disease. In this research 48 samples of tomato accessions of National Plant Gene-Bank of Iran were chosen that three accessions from every tomato growing provinces of country presented base on availability of enough regenerated seed. The samples were planted in the experimental field of genetic department and National plant genebank of Iran which annual infection has benn reported. Recording of reactions started as soon as symptoms were observed at eight days interval for five times. According to analysis of AUDPC index, 30 samples with higher tolerance were chosen to be evaluated in greenhouse for resistance. During 2010 samples of infected leaves were collected from tomato fields of Isfahan, Azerbaijan garb, Tehran, Lorestan, Fars, Khuzestan, Hamedan, Markazi, Khorasan razavi provinces. Based on morphological characterization 51 fungi isolates were belonging to Alternaria genus that species were: A. alternata, A. tenuissima, A. arborescens, A. infectoria, and A. dumosa. Pathogenicity test of isolates were conducted on susceptible variety to choose an isolate with highest virulence and an Alternaria arborescens isolated from Gorgan was selected for future study.

Energy budget and thermal structure of the reservoirs in the arid regions, Case study: Saveh Dam Reservoir  [2012]

   

Hassani, Amin
Tajrishy, Masoud
Abrishamchi, Ahmad

Abstract:
Knowing the rate of evaporation from surface water resources such as channels, reservoirs and lakes is essential for precise management of water balance. In this study, monthly evaporation was determined by Bowen Ratio Energy Budget (BREB) method for Alghadir Lake (Saveh, Iran) from 1995-2007. Some variations have been observed on the estimated evaporation of the energy budget at different years, ranging from 151 cm for 1997 to 174 cm for 2005. Also, there is no specific monthly evaporation pattern for all the years, but evaporation rates were low in Jan and Feb and highest during the Jul and Aug. Surveying of lake thermal structure showed that inflow and outflow energy fluxes to this water volume have large variations and incoming solar shortwave radiation, incoming atmospheric longwave radiation and longwave atmospheric radiation emitted from the water surface are largest energy fluxes for this small and deep lake

Studies of the effectiveness of Diflubenzuron Dimilin ) and Bacillus thuringiensis ssp . kurstaki on Euproctis chrysorrhoea ( L .) Lep . Lymantriidae ) under field condition in the Arasbaran forests  [1386]

   

Nikdel, Mostafa
Sadaghian, B.
Askari, F.
Kalantari, Ali

Abstract:
Brown-tail moth, Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.), is a polyphagous defoliator, attacking forests, fruit trees, and has health hazard due to it s irritant hairs. This moth is a serious pest in large area of Europe and Asia. It has been reported fram Hamadan, Zanjan, Markazi, Azarbaijan and Northern provences in Iran. Arasbaran forests is one of the iran s nine biospher resources that Horn-bean and Oak trees (with 51% and 36% abundance respectively ) are dominant species in there. Oak in these forests are attacked by Brown-tail moth seriosly . The pest population increase to outbreak or semi-outbreak levels in the forest periodically. For pests controlling in natural ecosystems such as Arasbaran forests we need some compounds without any side-effects for non- target organisms. Biorational compound such as B.t. and Dimilin are the best agents to achieve this purpose. These two materials are quite distinct from each other of origin, structure, mode of action and effects. Evaluation the effects of Lepinox ( B.t. var. Kurstaki) and Dimilin on the pest were conducted on first, second, third and fourth larval instars. Also for the combined effect of Dimilin-Lepinox separate experiments were done with the first and third larval instars. The experiments in the forest (on the Oak Q. macranthera ) was conducted with randomized complete block design. Larval mortality statistics at different ages on different days were obtained after spraying.

InCreasing phosphores fertilizer use efficiency by using Ps5 , Ps7 , Ps13 bacteria in sugar beet farming  [2005]

   

Noshad, H.
Sharif, H.
Malboee, M.N.
Chegini, M. H.

Abstract:
This research experiment was carried out in (Karaj region: Kamalabad, meskuin dsht), Khozestan (Dezful region) and Markazi (Arak) province during 1380 to 1382. The layout of the field experiment was a split plot using randomized block design with four replicates. Three different levels of Super phosphate fertilizer (1- control, 2-50% and 3-100% of required phosphors fertilizer which were provided based on soil analysis) were allocated in main plots. Required phosphor concentration should be 25 mg/kg soil. Four different combination of three variety of bacteria of Ps (1- control, without bacteria 2- combination of Ps13 + Ps5 , 3-conbination of Ps7 + Ps13 and 4- combination of Ps5+Ps7+Ps13 were allocated in subplot. In Karaj and Arack region sugar beet seed cultivated in early spring and in Dezful sugar beet is autumn crop. Results showed that some quality and quantity parameters of sugar beet were influenced with different individual combination of phosphor fertilizer or biological fertilizer. Results also showed that the combination of Ps5+Ps13 and the combination Ps7+Ps13 had clear effect on sugar beet quality and quantity, but in three location the trends were not similar. Therefore, to reach to precise conclusion this experiment should be repeated with including other treatments such as method and time e of soil inoculation.

Study on pathogenic variability of different isolates of dominant pythium species in sugar beet field of Iran  [2011]

   

Kakuei nezhad, M.
Keshavarz, K.
Mahmoodi, S.B.
soltani, J.
Darabi, S.
Javaheri, M.A.
Pedram, A.
Rahnamaeian, M.
Jahad akbar, M.R.
Basati, J.

Abstract:
During the years 2005-2009, diseased samples were collected from different sugar beet fields in West Azerbaijan, Alborz, Kermanshah, Shiraz, Markazi, Khorassan, Hamadan and Lorestan provinces. In total 52 pythiaceae isolates were obtained using semi-selective medium (CMA-PARP).The isolates were identified based on morphological features of sexual and asexual organs, colony character and absence or presence of aerial hyphae by using pythiaceae identification keys. Among obtained isolates, Pythium aphanidermatum(25 isolates) was the most prevalent (53.1%) and the species Pythium ultimum(5 isolates), Pythium Group G(2 isolates), Pythium oligandrum(1 isolate) and Pythium sp.(15 isolates) were identified. Three isolates belong to P. drechsleri obtained Kermanshah and Lorestan proviences fields were identified. Cluster analysis of results of lab pathogenecity testes classified P. aphanidermatum isolates in three groups. Two isolates (8P, 24P) were considered as high virulent; two isolates (13P, 18P) as week virulent and rest of them as moderate virulent. On the basis of these results, some of the isolates from each group were selected and screened in other methods of pathogenic variability assays. Symptoms of disease were promoted fast and duration of tests was shorter than others in inoculation method with grass leaf and hemp seed. Grass leaf inoculation method was used for screening of isolates under greenhouse condition.

Collection and Identification of Thymus daenensis from different localities in Central Region of Iran and Determination of its Chemical Components  [2006]

   

Bahreininejad,Babak
Bagherzadeh, Karim
Asfa,Mohammad
Mirza,Mehdi
Noroozi, Mostafa

Abstract:
Thymus daenensis is an endemic plant in Iran which grows in many parts of it. The aims of this study were collection and identification of T. daenensis from different localities in central region of Iran and determination of its chemical components in a same place at Isfahan Center of Research for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Fozveh station. Study started in 2000; after determination of growing regions germplasm collection started and seedlings transplanted from central region of Iran including Esfahan, Fars, Yazd, Lorestan ,Charmahalva- Bakhtiari and Kohgiloye-va-Boyerahmad. Morphology, phenology and essential oil quantity of T. daenensis was studying after adaptation during 2002 - 2004, essential oil compound were determined in final year (2005). Collected data of each year (2002, 2003 and 2004) were analyzed individually and combined. According to the results : Plants of Bavanat, Margoon and Yahya-Abad had the highest plant height.Crown cover Darehtakht was at the highest rate with 1520 cm2 for each plant. Plants of Zagheh were T. daenensis subsp. lancifolius and other regions were T. daenensis subsp. daenensis. Zagheh had the highest essential oil at flowering stage (averagely 3.09 %) for three years; Brojen, Yahya-Abad and Ghahiz were averagely 2.46%, 2.34% and 2.25% respectively. Main compounds of oil were: Thymol with the highest rate of 78.56% for Darehtakht, Carvacrol (80.12%) for Keverlar, geraniol 40.88 percent of oil for Pazanan.

Study the allowance forage of the important range species in khoshkerood saveh Site in Markazi Province  [2011]

   

Zarekia, Sedigheh

Abstract:
For determination of rangeland capacity and prevention of vegetation cover, soil and water resources deterioration and reduction, the recognition of allowable use of key and the most important rangeland species is necessary. this research has done in order to study 3 important rangeland species (Artemisia sieberi ¡ Stipa hohenackeriana, Salsola laricina) in khoshkehrood site. Then 40 individuals plant were selected from each species and treated with 4 treatments including 25%, 50% and 75% harvesting with one background sample (each 10 individuals with one treatment). The harvesting was done monthly in grazing season of this area. The results showed that treatments of one species in each year have significant difference. so significant difference were between treatments of one species duration for years.

Study the time of inter and exit of animal in key ranges of 5 bioclimatic zones of Iran (Khoshkerood-Markazi)  [2011]

   

Zarekia, Sedigheh

Abstract:
Range species consist of different plant species, each with different vegetative and reproductive stages Thus, each species has a particular time period for growing readiness and grazing at a particular time must also stop. Moreover, rangeland soil is ready only in certain times to sever livestock. Without understanding these characteristics, determining the grazing season and livestock management and grazing is not possible. Timely entry and exit of animals to rangeland during the operation and improvement of the pasture is pasture. With this study, the revising of grazing rangeland management programs in similar areas with similar vegetation will be possible. So in order to determine the timing of entry and exit of livestock to and from rangeland this study was carried out in a semi-steppe rangeland in Khoshkerood , 60 km East North of Saveh for four years from 2006 to 2011.Information, including the stages of plant phenology and height of 5 species (herbaceous and shrub) and soil moisture conditions Have collected since the beginning of the dry season, and recorded on special forms. So that plant growth start early between 5 to 10 days during wet season. The results of the phenology of plants shows that shrub plants are in flowering and seeding stages in early autumn and middle of November is a good time to enter the livestock into region. Time of exit of livestock is mid-March under license when plants have recently begun to be grown.

Investigation on adaptability and performance of industrial eucalypt provenances at different ecological zones.  [2011]

   

Goodarzi, Gholam Reza

Abstract:
The natural forests of Iran are increasingly losing their potential for production and area, mainly due to over logging, over grazing, fire and natural disasters, human interface, land convert ion and wood requirement. Forest plantation with fast growing species such as eucalypts might be a suitable solution to reduce pressure and stress to these beautiful forests and increase their potential for wood production in the country. The aim of the study was to introduce an appropriate eucalypt species and provenances, climatically and edaphically adaptable for Markazi province. The trial was conducted under experimental design of randomizes complete blocks with three replicates and different eucalypt species and provenances at two sites: Mahallat and Saveh cities. The data was analyzed, using F-test and cluster analysis. The results showed that in Mahallat site the specie E. camaldulensis 41-zh and E. rubida 166-sh achieved the greatest survival (93 %) and the species E. gunnii and E. viminalis ssp. Viminalis (18396) achieved the lowest survival. The greatest height and diameter growth belonged to E. rubida 166-sh and the species E. camaldulensis 41-ch and E. viminalis ssp. Viminalis (19482) had a good performance. At saveh site, the species E. sargentii and E. camaldulensis 41-ch had the greatest survival (76 and 67, respectively) and the species E. rubida 166-sh and E. saligna performed the lowest survival.

Study suitable entering and exsiting times for domestic in rangelands in Anjedan Arak Mostafa Zare Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands  [2011]

   

Zare, Mostafa

Abstract:
Range species consist of different plant species, each with different vegetative and reproductive stages. Thus, each species has a particular time period for growing readiness and grazing at a particular time must also stop. Moreover, rangeland soil is ready only in certain times to sever livestock. Without understanding these characteristics, determining the grazing season and livestock management and grazing is not possible. With this study, the revising of grazing rangeland management programs in similar areas with similar vegetation will be possible. So in order to determine the timing of entry and exit of livestock to and from rangeland this study was carried out in a semi-steppe rangeland in Anjedan-Arakof Markazi province, 35 km West of Arak for five years from 2006 to 2010. In this study , first selected floristic list of range speices and selected 5 valueable and important speices. So information of phenology plant noted in 2 stage: growth stage in every 15 days and reproductive stage in every 7 days. Speices such as Bromus tomentelus flowere in first until end Khordad mounth and seeds in Tir mounth. Speices such as Asperula glomerata , Kochia prosrata, Buffonia cf.koelzii flowered in Khordad mounth and seed in first until 20 Mordad mounth. Artemisia aucheri flowres in mordad and seeds in Shahrivar mounth . The soil of this area was dried in end ordibehesht and first Khodad mounths and was readied.

The role of Monosporascus cannonballus in root rot and vine decline of muskmelon in Iran  [2011]

   

Sarpeleh,Abolfazl, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection
Cherag Ali, Vadiee

Abstract:
Monosporascus cannonballus is one of the major challenges for melon production world-wide. In recent years, a disease suggested to be related to this pathogen was observed 1-2 weeks prior harvest in many melon production areas across Iran. However, there is no truthful information about the causal organism. In the present study, melon samples suspected to infection by M. cannonballus were collected from Semnan, Yazd, Isfahan, Fars, Khorasan-e- Razavi, Sistan and Baluchestan, Markazi and Qazvin provinces. 95 isolates were identified as M. cannonballus based on morphological criteria and molecular techniques. The ribosomal DNA was extracted from M. cannonballus isolates as well as the roots of the samples using phenol-chloroform procedure. The DNAs were then used in polymerase chain reaction using species-specific primers. A unique 112 bp band specific to M. cannonballus was amplified in all reactions. This study demonstrated that M. cannonballus can be detected in muskmelon plants using molecular tools and that, this pathogen is the major causal organism for melon collapse in all sampling regions.

Preliminary evaluation of some sunflower single crosses  [1987]

   

Farrokhi, Ebrahim
Shariati, Farnaz

Abstract:
In order to do a primarily evaluation on yield and other agronomic characteristics of 9 new sunflower single cross hybrids created by SPIl, Iran, these hybrids together with AIJstar, Azrgol, Hysun33 and CMS26*RI03 were planted under a complete block design with 4 replications at Karaj. The hybrids were compared regarding oil yield, grain yield, days to flowering and maturity, plant height, grain test weight and head diameter. Tallest hybrids was AHA-F81-122*RHA-F8I-122 with a mean height of 200.75 em. Highest oil content which was equal to 49.77 was seen in AHA-f8I¬112*RHA-F81-33. Earliest hybrid was Allstar with a days to maturity of 99 days, while Azargol by having a 113 days to maturity ranked last. The differences in grain yield among the hybrids were not significant.

Characterization of Iranian isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virusύ  [2013]

   

Bananeg, Kaveh, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection
Keshavarz, Tayebe

Abstract:
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV; family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus) causes high yield losses to cucurbit crops in many parts of the world. A survey was conducted from 2003 to 2006 in the major cucurbit-growing areas in 11 provinces of Iran. Leaf samples (n = 907) were collected from plants of melon (Cucumis melo L.), and squash (Cucurbita pepo) showing various ZYMV-like symptoms. All samples, collected from 11 provinces, were screened for the presence of ZYMV by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with IgGs and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated IgGs against a ZYMV. ZYMV was detected in 42% of tested samples and in all surveyed provinces, using DAS-ELISA. The study of biological variability was conducted using a set of 12 ZYMV isolates. The symptomatology of ZYMV isolates was determined by mechanical inoculation of the range of ZYMV-susceptible cucurbits and non-cucubitaceous plant species.All 12 Iranian ZYMV isolates induced typical symptoms on melon, squash and cucumber test plants. Only four Iranian isolates (Iran-2, 3, 5 and 8) induced necrotic local lesions on inoculated leaves of Gompherena globosa, while other isolates did not induce any symptoms and the inoculated plants were negative in DAS-ELISA. 242 out of 383 ZYMV infected samples were screened by triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) using monoclonal antibody (AE11).

Comparison of wheat planting methods at deficit irrigation conditions  [2014]

   

Hedayatypour, A.
Dadivar, A.
Babaei, T.
Moradabadi
Moradabadi, G.H.
Safari, M.

Abstract:
In order to comparison of planting methods on yield and yield components in low irrigation conditions, An experiment was established during 2011-2013 at research farm of Agricultural and Natural Resourses Reserch Center of Markazi Province. Treatments were comparised in Split – Split plot desgine experiment with 3 replications.Tree Irrigation treatments namely: a1-Complet irrigation, a2-cutting off irrigation 20 days after pollination stage and a3-cutting off irrigation after pollination stage. Sub plots were b1- planting wheat 2 rows on a bed ,b2- planting wheat 3 rows on a bed,b3- plain planting and b4- wheat planting by using deep planter. Seed population of c1-350 seeds per m 2 and c2- 450 seeds per m 2 considered as sub-sub plots. Calibration of grain drillers was down on basis of weigh of 1000 grains. Yield and yield components were measured at 2 years . Results of this experiment showed cutting off irrigation after pollination reduce strongly grain yield. If the irrigation is banned 20 days after pollination, 2 rows on a bed and deep planting do not reduce yield and yield components in comparison of complete irrigation(p0.01). However because of less water consumption, deep planting method is recommended regardless irrigation mehods. The effect of seed population was not significant on yield and yield components(p0.05).

Ethiology of SugarBeet Bacterial Blight and Necrosis, Disease Incidence, Disease Severity and Cultivar Susceptibility  [2013]

   

Ghasemi, A., Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection
Lak, M.R.
Zohor Paralak, E.
Samavatian, H.

Abstract:
During the years of 2010-2012 sugar beet growing regions of Markazi, Kermanshah, Khorasan, Isfahan and West Azarbayejan multiple visits were preformed. Blighted beet leaves from different areas were sent to the Plant Protection Research Institute and the bacterial pathogen es were isolated. Under field conditions randomly visited 100 plants per farm and percent of leaf blight were evaluated and the results were adjusted separation by laboratory results. Disease incidence of farms in different provinces ranged from zero to 40 percent. According to phenotypic characteristics and pathogenicity of 42 isolates of sugar beet leaves identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata and 12 othere isolates was as a Pantoea ananatis. Pseudomonas strains are genetically homogenous and there was no significant difference between them. The Pseudomonas strains have 97% similarities to Ps. pv. syringae by sequencing of 16SrDNA. Yellowish isolates were identified by sequencing the RNA polymerase beta subunit gene and 100 percent owned by its similarity to Pantoea ananatis confirmed. The results showed that Xanthomonas sp. was not found in all investigated area that the beet leaf blight has been observed.

Seed & Plant Improvement Institute and Seed & Plant Certification and Registration Institute.  [2011]

   

Jafari, Moslem
Dehgan shoraki, Yaya
Tabatabaei, Ziyaodin
Tatari, Maryam
Jokar, Ladan
Golkar, Golam Reza
Yasaei, Mohsen

Abstract:
In order to registration of fig cultivars, the commercial and native fig in Fars (Sabz, Siah, Shah Anjir, Rono, Matti, Kashki, Siah-e-Dorosht, Peyves, Dane Sefid caprifig and Pouz Donbali caprifig), Markazi (Zard-e-Piazi), Lorestan (Meshki) and Kermanshah (Manjifi) provinces were studied. Evaluation of morphological traits based on national tests instructions distinction, uniformity, and stability of fig were done.

Study the effects of spraying & rotation on the chickpea cutworms Agrotis spp. Damage in in Markazi, Kordestan and Kermanshah provinces.  [2013]

   

Shafaghi, Fateme
Golmohammadi, Golamreza

Abstract:
Pea is known as one of the most important crops in the world, and it is One of the most important sources of protein for millions of people living in developing countries, especially in South Asia. Since this plant is a rich source of protein, this is Susceptible to damage by different pests and diseases. A group of pests that can cause damage to this plant are cutworms. In this study we investigated the effects of Carbaryl and its concomitant effect with rotation with wheat on this pest until the results of these we can be used to improve planning for this pest. The experiments were carried out in complete randomized design model factorial with 2 factors in 5 replications, include factor A: spraying and non-spraying, factor B: rotation with wheat and fallow. To evaluate the number of plants damaged by pests, yield and seed weight were compared. The SAS software was used for data analysis. The data compared by Dunkan multiple range test. The results revealed that The highest yield (956/00 18/90) and the lowest damaged plant (10/20 1/46) was observed in spraying-fallow treatment. Therefore can be concluded fallow helps to reduce the damage and increase crops and it can be used with chemical control.

Molecular characterization of Iranian isolates of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus  [2004]

   

K. Bananej, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
Ghotbi, T.

Abstract:
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), (genus: Begomovirus; Family: Geminiviridae) is one of the most important viral agents that caused high yield losses in tomato fields, worldwide. Genomic sequence analyses have revealed that recombination has played an important role in begomovirus genetic diversity and evolution. Intergenic region (IR) is a known hot spot region for recombination in begomoviruses. A survey was conducted from 2003 to 2005 and 83 tomato leaf samples with yellowing and leaf curling symptoms were collected in seven provinces, comprising the major tomato growing areas of the country. TYLCV was detected in 65 samples of seven provinces, using DAS-ELISA and PCR with one primer pairs (TY1 (+)/TY2 (-) corresponding to TYLCV coat protein (CP). DAS-ELISA and PCR results showed that TYLCV introduced to new provinces of Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of TYLCV in Yazd (Ashkzar), Markazi(Delijan), Khorasan( Dargaz and Mashad), and Bushehr(Baghan). To study of genetic diversity among Iranian TYLCV isolates, PCR with one primer pairs TY-Ir(F)/TY-Ir(R)) corresponding to TYLCV intergenic region, amplified the expected 750-bp fragment(s), from positive samples. The nucleotide sequences of the intergenic region of eight representative Iranian isolates from seven provinces were determined and compared with each other and other TYLCVs.

Molecular characterization of Iranian isolates of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus.  [2004]

   

Ghotbi, Tabassom
Ahoomanesh, Ali

Abstract:
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), (genus: Begomovirus; Family: Geminiviridae) is one of the most important viral agents that caused high yield losses in tomato fields, worldwide. Genomic sequence analyses have revealed that recombination has played an important role in begomovirus genetic diversity and evolution. Intergenic region (IR) is a known hot spot region for recombination in begomoviruses. A survey was conducted from 2003 to 2005 and 83 tomato leaf samples with yellowing and leaf curling symptoms were collected in seven provinces, comprising the major tomato growing areas of the country. TYLCV was detected in 65 samples of seven provinces, using DAS-ELISA and PCR with one primer pairs (TY1 (+)/TY2 (-) corresponding to TYLCV coat protein (CP). DAS-ELISA and PCR results showed that TYLCV introduced to new provinces of Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of TYLCV in Yazd (Ashkzar), Markazi(Delijan), Khorasan( Dargaz and Mashad), and Bushehr(Baghan). To study of genetic diversity among Iranian TYLCV isolates, PCR with one primer pairs TY-Ir(F)/TY-Ir(R)) corresponding to TYLCV intergenic region, amplified the expected 750-bp fragment(s), from positive samples. The nucleotide sequences of the intergenic region of eight representative Iranian isolates from seven provinces were determined and compared with each other and other TYLCVs.

The possibility of broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca L.) chemical control in potato (Solanum tuberosum Pres.).  [2010]

   

Jahedi, Azhang
Beheshti Nezhad, Hamid Reza

Abstract:
In order to investigate broomrape chemical control in potato, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 13 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments were rimsulfuron (Titus, 25%DF) at 20, 30, 40, 60 & 90 g/ha, glyphosate (Roundup, 41%EC) at 50, 100 & 150 ml/ha and sulfosulfuron (Apyros, 75%WG) at 25 & 35 g/ha, with one or split usage. Density and dry weight reduction percentages of broomerape and yield and big tuber percentages of potato were estimated. The results indicated a significant effect of treatments on broomrape and potato measurements. Rimsulfuron 30 g/ha and glyphosate at 100 ml/ha with three (30, 40 & 50 Days after emergence or DAE) was the most effective treatment on broomrape control (60%) respectively and saved the quality of potato tubers in greenhouse, Markazi and Kerman provinces. Sulfosulfuron (35g/ha) and rimsulfuron (90 g/ha) 30, 40 & 50 DAE had best result in broomrape control (90 percentages). Treatments with 20 percentages control of broomrape causes enhancement in potato yield but because of broomrape low control (except in Hamadan) the percentages of big tuber was lower than control treatment without broomrape. Key Words: broomrape, potato, chemical control, rimsulfuron, sulfosulfuron, glyphosate

study effect of scale position, time of scale harvest and IBA concentration on bulblet formation in lilium cv. CEB DAZZLE  [2010]

   

Mirzakhani, Abbas
Naderi, Roh angize
Arabi, Amir

Abstract:
A series of experiments were conducted for study of effect of scale position, scale harvesting time and IBA concentration on bulblet regeneration on Lilium LA hybrid cv. 'Ceb Dazzle' in Mahallat Ornamental Research Station. The Experiment was conducted as Factorial with 3 factors, scale position (factor P with 3 levels), IBA concentration (factor G with 3 levels)and harvesting time(factor T with 2 levels). Results showed that scale position has significant effect on bulblets number, weight and diameter at 1%. Also IBA concentration has significant effect on diameter and root number of bulblets. Results showed that the highest number of bulblet produced from outer scales than middle or inner scales. IBA concentration has significant effect at 5% on parameters that measured. The highest number of bulblet was produced at 1000 ppm IBA. The highest number of root produced at bullets from outer and middle scales that received 6 week cold storage. Key words: plant growth regulator, lilium, bulblet, scaling

The efficiency of Fipronil insecticide for control of grape cicada Psalimocharias alhageus (Hem: Cicadidae).  [2014]

   

Golmohammadi, Gholamreza, Iranian Research Institute Of Plant Protection
Farazmand, Hossien

Abstract:
Vine Cicada, Psalmocharias alhageos (Hom.: Cicadidae), is a key pest of vine in Iran. Nymphs feed on plant sap on vine roots and adults damage the vines by ovipositing in branches. In a field study, based on a random complete block design, with 8 treatments and 6 replications, the efficacy of two formulations of fipronil (SC 5% and G 0.02%) at different concentration and imidacloprid (Confidor® SC 350) (at 20 ml/vine) were assessed against Vine Cicada in Markazi and Hamedan provinces. Treatments were applied in March and September in Markazi and Hamedan provinces, respectively, by making a 20-cm groove with a radius of one meter at under the canopy of vines. The number of nymphal exit holes, pupal skins, and vine yield were subjected to analysis of variance followed by Duncan's test. In Markazi province, the lowest number of nymphal skin (4.42 and 1.62) and exit holes (26.72 and 16.72) were observed in imidaclopriod and fipronil G 0.02% (50 gr/vine) treatments, respectively; while the highest yield (0.29 kg/grape cluster) was observed in fipronil, the highest number of pupal skins (98 skins/vine), and exit holes (9.88) were observed in the control without treatment. In Hamedan province, the lowest number of exit holes (1.88) was observed in imidaclopriod, followed by Iranian fipronil at 50 g of granule /vine (3.66), cartop at 40 g of granule /vine (4.45), Iranian fipronil at 40 g of granule /vine (5.41), Iranian fipronil at 30 g of granule /vine (5.55) and control (13).

Study the effects of spraying & rotation on the chickpea cutworms Agrotis spp. Damage in in Markazi, Kordestan and Kermanshah provinces  [2013]

   

Modarres Najafabadi, Saeid, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center

Abstract:
Pea is known as one of the most important crops in the world, and it is One of the most important sources of protein for millions of people living in developing countries, especially in South Asia. Since this plant is a rich source of protein, this is Susceptible to damage by different pests and diseases. A group of pests that can cause damage to this plant are cutworms. In this study we investigated the effects of Carbaryl and its concomitant effect with rotation with wheat on this pest until the results of these we can be used to improve planning for this pest. The experiments were carried out in complete randomized design model factorial with 2 factors in 5 replications, include factor A: spraying and non-spraying, factor B: rotation with wheat and fallow. To evaluate the number of plants damaged by pests, yield and seed weight were compared. The SAS software was used for data analysis. The data compared by Dunkan multiple range test. The results revealed that The highest yield (154/98 1/17) was observed in spraying-fallow treatment. Therefore can be concluded fallow helps to reduce the damage and increase crops and it can be used with chemical control.

Determination Interval and Depth of Canola Irrigation  [2014]

   

Shahabifar, Mehdi
Vaziri ,Jaleh
Goshe, M.

Abstract:
Canola cultivation develops at some of province in Iran. Information about irrigation schedule in canola field is necessary and this information unavailable. In order to determine optimum canola irrigation schedule (irrigation interval and irrigation depth) this experiment designed. This experiment was randomized complete block design consist of 4 treatment in three replications from 2000 for three years in research stations of Khuzestan, Hormozgan, Ghazvin, Kerman, Markazi, Boushehr and Esfahan province. The treatments were as follow: I1- Irrigation at 50mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan I2- Irrigation at 75mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan I3- Irrigation at 100mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan I4- Irrigation at 125mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan The depth of irrigation water was calculated to receive. Soil moisture up to fieldcapacity. At the end of growth stages and harvesting time, the grain yield, oil percentage, water use efficiency of canola were determined and statistical analyzes were used and discussed for yield and water use efficiency. The optimum irrigation interval in all of the research stations was irrigation at 75mm cumulative evaporation of class A Pan. The optimum depth of irrigation water were as follow: -Khozestan 350-400 mm -Hormozgan 436 mm -Ghazvin 412 mm -Kerman 343 mm -Markazi 464 mm -Boushehr 561 mm -Esfahan 570 mm Key words: Canola, Irrigation Interval, Irrigation water depth, Irrigation schedule and Evaporation Pan.

The Identification and the Biological study of Thrips on the Flowers of gladiola, clove and gerbera in Tehran and Markazi provinces.  [2010]

   

Asghari, Hassan, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
Heidary Alizadeh, Babak
Ghazavi, Mehran.
Alai, Behnam
Mansour Abai

Abstract:
The Identification and the Biological study of Thrips on the Flowers of gladiola, clove and gerbera in Tehran and Markazi provinces. Alizadeh, B.H.; M. Abai, M. Gazavi, B. Alai, K. Bakhshi Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection. In this project, to identify different species of thrips on the flowers gladiola, clove and gerbera and biology of important species has been considered to hereby improve the quality and production of ornamental plants. During two years of study, three species of thrips gladiola and clove were collected and were identified including 1) Franklniniella tritici Fitch 2) Thrips sp. 3) Trips tabaci Lim. F. tritici F. was with high density population and almost all the dominant species in both areas Shahriar and Mahalat, and Thrips sp species was observed only in the region Aliabad (Mahalat) on the Snapdragon flowers and clove. T. tabaci had lower densities on ornamental plants, and most of its population was observed on other hosts. The biological study of the important species F. tritici Fitch was performed under laboratory conditions with the same greenhouse environment. The Life cycle stages of this species includes eggs, nymphs age 1 and 2, pre-pupal, pupal and adult insect. Results of laboratory studies showed that a complete life cycle within the incubator environment was between 22-25 days at 30-28 ° C.

Occurrence of topoviruses in ornamental and weed species in Markazi and Tehran Provinces in Iran  [2005]

   

Ghotbi, T.
Shahraeen, N.
Winter, S.

Abstract:
Damage to agricultural crops by tospoviruses has occurred sporadically in Iran in the past; however, since 2000, outbreaks of tospoviruses have been recorded every year. The most affected ornamental crops were surveyed in two main cultivation areas in provinces of Markazi (Mahallat) and Tehran in 2000-01 and 2001-02. A few weed species also were collected. In all, 513 samples (with or without any conspicuous virus symptoms) were collected and analyzed by double- and triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with polyclonal antibodies to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), and Tomato Varamin virus (ToVV), a new Tospovirus sp. from Iran. These viruses frequently were detected in samples of many different ornamentals and often in mixed infections, whereas Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) was detected in only four samples. ToVV also was found in weeds growing in Chrysanthemum fields and in a Cuscuta sp. Applying double-antibody sandwich ELISA, no positive reactions were found with Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV). Of the total of 513 samples tested, 345 samples did not react with any Tospovirus antisera. In Tehran, INSV was identified in 21 samples (10%), IYSV in 4 samples (2%), TSWV in 16 samples (8%), and ToVV in 22 samples (11%). In Markazi province, INSV was identified in 24 samples (8%), IYSV in 1 sample (0.5%), TSWV in 40 samples (13%), and ToVV in 36 samples (12%).

Nematodes associated with vineyards throughout Markazi Province (Arak), Iran  [2010]

   

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Mohammad Deimi, Abbas
Mitkowski, Nathaniel

Abstract:
In a survey conducted from April 2008 through October 2008, 21 nematode species were found associated with grapes in Markazi Province, Iran. These included: Aphelenchus avenae, Aphelenchoides limberi, Boleodorus thylactus, Criconema mutabile, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Ditylenchus myceliophagus, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Helicotylenchus digonicus, H. vulgaris, H. crenacauda, H. pseudorobustus, Hemicriconemoides mangiferae, Meloidogyne javanica, Geocenamous brevidens, G. rugosus, Pratylenchus neglectus, P. thornei, P. ritteri, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Xiphinema index and Zygotylenchus guevarai. Populations varied in their frequency and distribution among surveyed vineyards but Helicotylenchus spp. and Pratylenchus spp. were the most commonly observed genera. Meloidogyne spp. and Xiphinema spp. were rarely encountered during the survey. This is the first reported province-wide nematode survey of grapes in Iran. Morphological and morphometric variations that typified the survey populations are given and discussed for certain nematode species.

Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in cultivated and non-cultivated areas of Markazi Province, Iran  [2013]

   

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Alikhani, Mahmoud
Rezwani, Ali
Starý, Petr
Kavallieratos, Nickolas G.
Rakhshani, Ehsan

Abstract:
The fauna of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae), as well as their diversity and tritrophic (parasitoid-host aphid-host plant) associations in cultivated and non-cultivated areas of Markazi province, was studied during 2004–2009. Thirty species of Aphidiinae belonging to 9 genera were identified. There are presented, in total, 73 associations with 32 host aphids occurring on 42 host plants. Five parasitoid-aphid associations are newly recorded from Iran. Lysiphlebus cardui (Marshall) is newly recorded for the fauna of Iran. Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) and Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh) were the most abundant species in non-cultivated (72.96%) and cultivated (41.17%) areas, respectively. In the non-cultivated areas, L. fabarum was found on eight aphid species, while in cultivated areas it was only found on Aphis craccivora Koch. In cultivated areas, Sitobion avenae (F.) has the greatest diversity of parasitoids (Shanon-Weiner H = 0.875) whereas in non-cultivated areas the greatest diversity of parasitoids was recorded upon Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Shanon-Weiner H = 1.149). Significant differences were found between diversity of two ecosystems based on the overall diversity indices. Both species diversity and evenness were greater in cultivated ecosystems. The results are discussed in relation to the over-all parasitoid-aphid-plant associations in the area.

Nutritional status of schoolgirls in Isfahan, Iran: Anthropometric and hematological measurements  [1979]

   

Boroumand, Mansure.
Wise, Alan.
Markazi, Manuchehr.
Abtahee, Ahmad.

Abstract:
Abstract: Research indicates that most types of nutritional problems in Iranian villages are based on an overdependence on wheat. The two main periods of malnutrition, infancy and adolescence, are marked by below normal growth and deficiency diseases. Since prepubescent growth rates are slow and often fail to indicate clinical signs of serious malnutrition and since most Iranian studies focus on villages, it was decided to study a narrow range of city schoolgirls to obtain a sample large enough for statistical evaluation. A group of 7-year-old schoolgirls from various socioeconomic groups in the city of Isfahan were studied. Height, weight, and other anthropometric measurements indicated that daughters of professional people met international standards. Girls in the lowest socioeconomic groups--factory workers and farmers--showed significantly lower figures; children of self-employed fathers fell between the groups, but were lower than international standards. Anemia did not appear in any of the girls studied

Variation in Agro-morphological Characters in Iranian Garlic Landraces  [2014]

   

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Mohammadi, Bahram
Khodadadi, Mohsen
Karami, Ezzat
Shaaf, Salar

Abstract:
Despite its asexual reproduction, garlic (Allium sativum L.) exhibits wide diversity for morphological and agronomic characters due to accumulation of mutations. Sixteen agro-morphological characters were evaluated to assess patterns of variation among landraces and their relationship with geographical regions. There were high levels of diversity within the germplasm. Differences in germplasm were predominantly due to genotype. Biologically significant correlation coefficients were observed among characters, indicating the stability of these relationships in garlic. Results indicated that the ability to produce scapes and plant weight should be considered in future garlic germplasm evaluation. Based on cluster analysis, there was a relationship between genetic divergence and geographical origins; genotypes from the same or nearby locations were in the same cluster. Genotypes GI-14 and GI-15 from Isfahan and Markazi provinces, respectively, had the ability to flower and were bolting types. Variation observed could help garlic breeders to select specific genotypes for future breeding.

Meiotic chromosome number and behavior of Matthiola shehbazii sp. nov. (Brassicaceae, Anchonieae) from central Iran  [2014]

   

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Ranjbar, Massoud
Karami, Somayeh

Abstract:
Matthiola shehbazii Ranjbar & Karami (Brassicaceae) from Markazi Province, central Iran is described as a new species. Diagnostic characters, description, and taxonomic comments on the species are given. The geographical distribution of the new species is also mapped. The IUCN threat category and observations on its population are noted. Its morphological characteristics are compared with M. ovatifolia Boiss. as the most closely related species. Matthiola shehbazii is an allotetraploid plant and possesses 2n = 4x = 24 chromosomes, consistent with the proposed dibasic numbers of x = 6 and x = 7. The general meiotic behavior in the new species was nearly regular, with bivalent pairing and normal chromosome segregation at meiosis. However, some meiotic abnormalities were observed in the species including bridges and laggards. Results from morphology and chromosome count supported the separation of M. shehbazii as a new distinctive species.

Evaluation of Iranian native apple cultivars and genotypes  [2007]

   

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Damyar, S.
Hassani, D.
Dastjerdi, R.
Hajnajari, H.
Zeinanloo, A.A.
Fallahi, E.

Abstract:
To evaluate and collect highly valued genotypes of native apples, the growth and fruit characteristics of 79 native cultivars and germplasm of apples in Tehran, Ardebil, Markazi, Ghom, and Hamadan regions were studied in four years. About 30 characteristics such as leaf and tree morphology, fruit and seed characters and susceptibility to pests and diseases were evaluated in this study. Some of collected genotypes are highly promising for fresh consumption with respect to precocity, storage time, yield per tree and marketing potential. Some of these materials could be used for cultivar and rootstock breeding programs. Classification of genotypes based on several traits showed good segregation on the population. For harvest time there was about 7 months of differences between early and late maturing genotypes. For storage life, 7% of genotypes showed very long storage ability. For fruit attractiveness and flesh color also there was a good segregation among genotypes. About 6% of the evaluated materials had high fruit finish and color. The collected genotypes are propagated and are under further evaluation at the Horticulture Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. Among the local genotypes some like Shaki, Beigi and Habibi were found to be promising as new cultivars.

Detection of pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum associated with bacterial soft rot of two succulent plants in Iran using RECA and PMRA genes  [2015]

   

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Baghaee-Ravari, S.
Gerayeli, N.

Abstract:
During visiting different greenhouses in Mahalat (Markazi province, Iran) in 2012-2013, bacterial soft rot symptoms were observed on Opuntia and Haworthia spp. These consisted of small brown to black water-soaked lesions that increased in size with time, heavily damaging the affected plants. After evaluation of the pectolytic activity on a medium containing polygalacturonic acid using two indicators, 17 bacterial isolates were selected and identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum based on phenotypic features and specific PCR amplification using two sets of primers. All tested isolates were pathogenic and caused the same type of symptoms upon artificial inoculation. A hypersensitive reaction was induced in tobacco leaves infiltrated with bacterial suspensions. In a phylogenetic tree constructed with sequences of the housekeeping genes recA and pmrA based on individual and combined data sets the Iranian isolates clustered together with Pc subsp. carotovorum ATCC15713, in two subgroups with high statistical support. Those from Opuntia sp. were in the same cluster separated from the Haworthia strains by strong bootstrap values, indicating that the two selected genes could identify Pectobacterium at the subspecies level and monitor the diversity of Pcc subspecies.

Relationships between population densities of the cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons and yield losses of winter wheat in microplots  [2010]

   

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Hajihasani, A.
Maafi, Z. Tanha
Nicol, J.M.
Seraji, A.

Abstract:
The cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons, has been shown internationally to be a serious nematode pest causing yield losses in cereals and it occurs in some cereal-growing provinces of Iran. The objectives of this research were to study the effect of different initial population (Pi) densities (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 eggs and second-stage juveniles/gram of soil) of H. latipons on yield and growth parameters of the winter wheat cv. Sardari. Two experiments were conducted in the 2006-07 and 2007-08 growing seasons in field microplots in the Markazi province of Iran. H. latipons was shown to significantly reduce grain yield by up to 55%, root dry weight by up to 70%, aerial shoot dry weight by up to 48%, spike height by up to 36% and plant height by up to 32% at the highest Pi. The final population of H. latipons increased significantly with increasing Pi levels in both years, while the reproduction factor decreased. Regression analysis clearly demonstrated inverse relationships between Pi density and grain yield, which was modelled using the exponential association equation: Grain Yield Loss (%) = 52.86 (1 - e⁻⁰.¹⁷Pi)

. sorption of cationic dyes onto kaolin: Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies  [2011]

   

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Tehrani-Bagha, A.R.
Nikkar, H.
Mahmoodi, N.M.
Markazi, M.
Menger, F.M.

Abstract:
This study investigated the potential use of a low-cost inorganic powder (Persian Kaolin) for removal of Basic Yellow 28 (BY28), Methylene Blue (MB) and Malachite Green (MG) from aqueous solution. Kaolin was characterized via a laser particle size analyzer (PSA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The effect of adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, initial pH and the presence of various electrolytes was studied. The isotherm data of dyes were correlated reasonably well by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of the adsorption capacity of kaolin towards the cationic dyes ranged from 16mg/g to 52mg/g, being probably dependent on the geometry of the dye molecules. The resulting degrees of dye removal were 65–99% for initial dye concentration of 10mg/L and for kaolin loadings of 0.8–2.5g/L. It was found that the adsorption of dyes on kaolin followed a pseudo-second order equation. The recovery and reuse of kaolin for a second and third time have also been studied. The thermodynamic studies showed that the dye adsorption onto kaolin is a spontaneous, endothermic and a physical reaction.

Identification and genetic diversity of pectolytic phytopathogenic bacteria of mono- and dicotyledonous ornamental plants in Iran  [2014]

   

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Dahaghin, L.
Shams-Bakhsh, M.

Abstract:
Bacterial soft rot can be a destructive disease of ornamental plants. To identify the pathogenic soft rot bacteria occurring in ornamental plants in Tehran and Markazi provinces (Iran), 57 isolates were obtained from 12 different mono- and dicotyledonous hosts and investigated with regard to phenotypic, genotypic and pathogenicity features. Based on phenotypic characteristics, the bacterial strains were identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. This was confirmed by subspecies-specific primers using PCR. Inoculation of all isolates into Aglaonema leaves confirmed the pathogenecity of the isolated strains. To assess the genetic diversity within Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum populations by rep-PCR, 26 isolates were selected according to their host and geographic distribution as well as two strains from Guilan province. Cluster analysis was conducted using the UPGMA method and revealed a possible close relationship between DNA fingerprints and geographical origins of isolates. Our results showed significant genetic variation among the populations of this pathogen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum on Peperomia obtusifolia, P. caperata, Pilea cadierei, Plectranthus australis, Saintpaulia ionantha and Kalanchoe tubiflora in Iran.

Impact evaluation of rural development plans for renovating and retrofitting of rural settlements : Case Study: Rural Districts of Tafresh in Iran  [2015]

   

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Hosseini, S. B.
Faizi, M.
Norouzian-Maleki, S.
Karimi Azari, A. R.

Abstract:
During the past two decades rural development plans (RDPs) have been prepared for a significant number of villages, especially in densely populated villages, or in some cases, previous RDPs have been reviewed, modified and implemented. A RDP is one of the intervention tools for organizing construction activities and structural development in an Iranian village. In the present situation, the aim of these plans is to offer a series of public services including facilitating communication and organizing development and construction activities in villages. The most important part of the RDP clarifies the structural organization of the village, presents optimization strategies for rural structures and provides accurate principles for building implementation in rural settlements. The direct results of the RDPs are the increase in construction, reconstruction or renovation of residential units in rural areas. Since most rural areas in Iran deal with issues such as earthquake, other natural disasters, incorrect use of construction materials or simply the old age of buildings, the reconstruction of villages has risen to be a very critical issue. This article shows examples of RDPs in order to review the problems of rural construction, and then the issue of optimum performance is discussed. Samples of this study include villages located in Tafresh County in Markazi Province.

Study of genetic diversity in Cytospora chrysosperma isolates obtained from walnut trees in Iran using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers  [2015]

   

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Abbasi, Khadijeh
Abbasi, Saeed
Fotouhifar, Khalil Berdi
Zebarjadi, Ali Reza

Abstract:
In order to evaluate genetic diversity of Cytospora chrysosperma isolates, the main causal agent of Cytospora canker, infected samples from major walnut cultivation areas in 12 provinces of Iran (Hamedan, Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Ilam, West Azarbaijan, Zanjan, Markazi, Lorestan, Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari, Isfahan, Kohgiloye va Boyerahmad and Fars) were collected. Out of 147 isolates, 58 representatives were selected according to their geographical origins in order to study their genetic diversity using ISSR marker. Twelve out of 20 tested random primers generated a total of 119 amplicons among the isolates. Cluster analysis of data using Centroid method and Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, divided the isolates into seven groups, showing a high genetic diversity among populations of C. chrysosperma . Although there was no correlation between geographical origins and the resulting groups of ISSR analysis, but the amount of observed polymorphism (95.8%) was indicated the adequacy of the molecular marker, ISSR, for studying genetic diversity in C. chrysosperma isolates. According to our knowledge, this is the first report on the study of genetic diversity of populations of C. chrysosperma using ISSR marker.

Oil Content and Composition of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes as Affected by Irrigation Regimes  [2014]

   

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Kadkhodaie, Azam
Razmjoo, Jamshid
Zahedi, Morteza
Pessarakli, Mohammad

Abstract:
The fatty acid composition of sesame seed oil determines its commercial value, and drought stress and genotype may affect both the quality and quantity of oil that is extractable by sesame seed processors. Therefore, this experiment was conducted in a field located in Isfahan, Iran, to determine the effect of three irrigation regimes [55 % (I ₁, as control), 75 % (I ₂) and 85 % (I ₃) of depletion of soil available water] on the oil content and composition of ten sesame genotypes (Isfahan4, Shahreza, Borazjan, Ahvaz, Kal, Shiraz, Markazi, Ardestan, Ultan and Isfahan1). Seed oil content and palmitic, linoleic, linolenic, stearic and oleic acid contents were determined during 2010–2012. Shahreza under I ₁, Shahreza and Ardestan under I ₂ and Isfanahan4 under I ₃ irrigation regimes produced the highest oil content, while Kal under I ₁ and I ₂ and Isfahan4 under I ₃ irrigation regimes produced the highest oil yield. Ultan had the lowest palmitic acid content under all three irrigation regimes, while Isfahan4 had the highest reduction in palmitic acid content under I ₂ and I ₃. Borazjan produced the lowest stearic and highest linoleic acid contents under the I ₁, I ₂ and I ₃ irrigation regimes. Kal, Kal and Ardestan, and Ardestan and Isfahan1 produced the highest oleic acid under I ₁, I ₂ and I ₃, respectively. Shahreza under I ₁ and I ₂ and Isfahan4 under I ₃ had the highest linolenic acid content.